308 research outputs found
LOCKS: User Differentially Private and Federated Optimal Client Sampling
With changes in privacy laws, there is often a hard requirement for client
data to remain on the device rather than being sent to the server. Therefore,
most processing happens on the device, and only an altered element is sent to
the server. Such mechanisms are developed by leveraging differential privacy
and federated learning. Differential privacy adds noise to the client outputs
and thus deteriorates the quality of each iteration. This distributed setting
adds a layer of complexity and additional communication and performance
overhead. These costs are additive per round, so we need to reduce the number
of iterations. In this work, we provide an analytical framework for studying
the convergence guarantees of gradient-based distributed algorithms. We show
that our private algorithm minimizes the expected gradient variance by
approximately rounds, where d is the dimensionality of the model. We
discuss and suggest novel ways to improve the convergence rate to minimize the
overhead using Importance Sampling (IS) and gradient diversity. Finally, we
provide alternative frameworks that might be better suited to exploit client
sampling techniques like IS and gradient diversity
Differential localisation of BPIFA1 (SPLUNC1) and BPIFB1 (LPLUNC1) in the nasal and oral cavities of mice
Despite being initially identified in mice, little is known about the sites of production of members of the BPI fold (BPIF) containing (PLUNC) family of putative innate defence proteins in this species. These proteins have largely been considered to be specificaly expressed in the respiratory tract, and we have recently shown that they exhibit differential expression in the epithelium of the proximal airways. In this study, we have used species-specific antibodies to systematically localize two members of this protein family; BPIFA1 (PLUNC/SPLUNC1) and BPIFB1 (LPLUNC1) in adult mice. In general, these proteins exhibit distinct and only partially overlapping localization. BPIFA1 is highly expressed in the respiratory epithelium and Bowman’s glands of the nasal passages, whereas BPIFB1 is present in small subset of goblet cells in the nasal passage and pharynx. BPIFB1 is also present in the serous glands in the proximal tongue where is co-localised with the salivary gland specific family member, BPIFA2E (parotid secretory protein) and also in glands of the soft palate. Both proteins exhibit limited expression outside of these regions. These results are consistent with the localization of the proteins seen in man. Knowledge of the complex expression patterns of BPIF proteins in these regions will allow the use of tractable mouse models of disease to dissect their function
Performance Analysis of Two Receiver Arrangements for Wireless Battery Charging System
Two different arrangements for Wireless Battery Charging Systems (WBCSs) with a series-parallel resonant topology have been analyzed in this paper. The first arrangement charges the battery by controlling the receiver-side rectifier current and voltage without a chopper, while the second arrangement charges it with a chopper while keeping the chopper input voltage constant. The comparison of these two arrangements is made based on their performance on various figures of merit, such as the sizing factor of both the supply voltage source and receiver coil, overall system efficiency, power-transfer ratio, receiver efficiency, and cost estimation. Later, the simulated study is verified by the experimental setup designed to charge the electric vehicle
Single-stage repair of adult aortic coarctation and concomitant cardiovascular pathologies: a new alternative surgical approach
BACKGROUND: Coarctation of the aorta in the adulthood is sometimes associated with additional cardiovascular pathologies that require intervention. Ideal approach in such patients is uncertain. Anatomic left-sided short aortic bypass from the arcus aorta to descending aorta via median sternotomy allows simultaneuos repair of both complex aortic coarctation and concomitant cardiac operation. MATERIALS: Four adult patients were underwent Anatomic left-sided short aortic bypass operation for complex aortic coarctation through median sternotomy using deep hypothermic circulatory arrest. Concomitant cardiac operations were Bentall procedure for annuloaortic ectasia in one patient, coronary artery bypass grafting for three vessel disease in two patient, and patch closure of ventricular septal defect in one patient. RESULTS: All patients survived the operation and were alive with patent bypass at a mean follow-up of 36 months. No graft-related complications occurred, and there were no instances of stroke or paraplegia. CONCLUSION: We conclude that single-stage repair of adult aortic coarctation with concomitant cardiovascular lesions can be performed safely using this newest technique
Two stage hybrid approach for complex aortic coarctation repair
<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Management of an adult patient with aortic coarctation and an associated cardiac pathology poses a great surgical challenge since there are no standard guidelines for the therapy of such complex pathology. Debate exists not only on which lesion should be corrected first, but also upon the type and timing of the procedure. Surgery can be one- or two-staged. Both of these strategies are accomplice with elevate morbidity and mortality.</p> <p>Case report</p> <p>In the face of such an extended surgical approach, balloon dilatation seems preferable for treatment of severe aortic coarctation.</p> <p>We present an adult male patient with aortic coarctation combined with ascending aorta aneurysm and concomitant aortic valve regurgitation. The aortic coarctation was corrected first, using percutaneous balloon dilatation; and in a second stage the aortic regurgitation and ascending aorta aneurysm was treated by Bentall procedure. The patients' postoperative period was uneventful. Three years after the operation he continues to do well.</p
Variation of the magnetic ordering in GdTZn (T= Fe, Ru, Os, Co, Rh and Ir) and its correlation with the electronic structure of isostructural YTZn
Magnetization, resistivity and specific heat measurements were performed on
the solution-grown, single crystals of six GdTZn (T = Fe, Ru, Os,
Co, Rh and Ir) compounds, as well as their Y analogues. For the Gd compounds,
the Fe column members manifest a ferromagnetic (FM) ground state (with an
enhanced Curie temperature, , for T = Fe and Ru), whereas the
Co column members manifest an antiferromagnetic (AFM) ground state.
Thermodynamic measurements on the YTZn revealed that the enhanced
for GdFeZn and GdRuZn can be understood
within the framework of Heisenberg moments embedded in a nearly ferromagnetic
Fermi liquid. Furthermore, electronic structure calculations indicate that this
significant enhancement is due to large, close to the Stoner FM criterion,
transition metal partial density of states at Fermi level, whereas the change
of FM to AFM ordering is associated with filling of electronic states with two
additional electrons per formula unit. The degree of this sensitivity is
addressed by the studies of the pseudo-ternary compounds
Gd(FeCo)Zn and Y(FeCo)Zn which
clearly reveal the effect of 3d band filling on their magnetic properties.Comment: 32 pages, 28 figure
Imaging MS in Toxicology: An Investigation of Juvenile Rat Nephrotoxicity Associated with Dabrafenib Administration
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