Actuarial evaluation of government of Punjab pension fund liabilities

Mestrado em Actuarial ScienceO Governo de Punjab (GoPb) organizou um plano de pensões de benefícios definidos para os seus funcionários permanentes. Além de atender aos pagamentos anuais dos benefícios de pensão, o GoPb contribui igualmente para um fundo de reserva designado Punjab Pension Fund (PPF). O Punjab Pension Fund foi estabelecido ao abrigo da lei designada Punjab Pension Fund Act 2007. A principal função do PPF é gerir os fundos disponibilizados pelo GoPb para atender às responsabilidades com pensões dos seus funcionários. Este trabalho tem por finalidade essencial fazer uma análise dos aspetos mais significativos do PPF, dada a importância que este fundo tem para o Governo da província, atualmente e no futuro. Detalhando um pouco mais, pode dizer-se que o trabalho foi desenvolvido com base nos seguintes objetivos: i. Realizar uma avaliação atuarial do Fundo de Pensões do Governo de Punjab; ii. Realizar projeções de fluxo de caixa do Fundo de Pensões do Governo de Punjab nos próximos cinco anos; iii. Fazer recomendações relativamente aos requisitos de financiamento para o Fundo de Pensões, com base nos resultados obtidos em i. e ii.; iv. Realizar uma análise de sensibilidade das principais premissas com efeitos sobre as projeções das responsabilidades com pensões e demais fluxos financeiros; v. Identificar as medidas reformadoras que permitam colocar a taxa de contribuição do plano de pensão existente a um nível aceitável; vi. Propor a estrutura de um novo plano de pensão, destinado aos futuros contratados.This actuarial investigation carried out of the Government of Punjab Pension Scheme liabilities as at the valuation date. To summarize, the work was developed with the following main objectives: i. Conduct an actuarial valuation of Punjab Government Pension Fund; ii. Carry out cash flow projections of Punjab Pension Fund over the next 5 years; iii. Make recommendations for funding requirements for Pension Fund based upon above findings; iv. Carry out sensitivity analysis of key assumptions on pension liability and cash flow projections; v. Identifying reform contours to bring contribution rate of the existing pension scheme at a manageable level; vi. Propose a structure for a new pension scheme for new hires.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Holistic approach for microgrid planning and operation for e-mobility infrastructure under consideration of multi-type uncertainties

Integrating renewable energys ources in sectors such as electricity, heat, and transportation must be structured in an economic, technological, and emission- efficient manner to address global environmental issues.Microgrids appear to be the solution for large-scale renewable energy integration in these sectors.The microgrid components must be optimally planned and operated to prevent high costs, technical issues, and emissions. Existing approaches for optimal microgrid planning and operation in the literature do not include a solution for e-mobility infrastructure. As a consequence, a compact e-mobility infrastructure metho- dology is provided.The development of e-mobility infrastructure has as sociated uncertainties (short and long-term). As a result, a new stochastic method re- ferred to as IGDM-DRO is proposed in this dissertation.The proposed method provides a risk-averse strategy for microgrid planning and operation by including long-term and short-term uncertainty related to e-mobility.The multi-cut ben- der decomposition is applied for IGDM-DRO to prevent the suggested method’s intractability.Finally, the deterministic and stochastic methodologies are com bined in an ovelholistic approach for microgrid design and operation in terms of cost and robustness.The proposed method ist ested on a new settlement area in Magdeburg, Germany, under three different EV development scenarios (nega- tive, trend, andpositive).The share for the number of electric vehicles reached 31 percent of conventional vehicles by the end of the planned horizon. As a result, the microgrid’s overall cost has been increased by 2.3 to 2.9 percent per electric vehicle.Three public electric vehicle charging stations will be required in the investigated settlement are a intrend 2031.The investigated settlement area will require a total cost of 127,029 € in the trend scenario.To achieve full robustness against long-term uncertainties,the cost of the microgrid needs to be increased by 80 percent

Study of Effects of ICT on Professional Development of Teachers at University Level

Information and communication technology (ICT) has brought revolutionary changes to enhance professional development of teachers. At present several ICT related instructional devices like computers, smart phones, laptops, tablets, LCD, multimedia and projectors are used in classrooms for making more attractive and productive teaching and learning process. The objectives of the study were to explore perceptions of teachers regarding use of information communication technology and to find out the effects of ICT for improving teachers’ professional development at university level. The study was descriptive type survey in nature. Simple random sampling technique was adopted for sample selection. All public and private educational institutions providing higher education of central Punjab were the population of the study. The sample of the study comprised of 90 faculty members, 120 students and 12 heads of different departments were selected on random basis. A self-developed questionnaire for faculty members, students and structured interview schedule for heads of departments were administered for collection of desired information. Data analysis was carried out by using percentage, mean score and standard deviation. The results of the study revealed that ICT has positive effects on enhancing professional development of teachers. It was found that university teachers were facing many difficulties in preparing their lectures with technological innovations and utilization of ICT in classrooms. The study recommended that ICT related refresher courses may be organized to improve professional development of academician

A New Robust Multi focus image fusion Method

In today's digital era, multi focus picture fusion is a critical problem in the field of computational image processing. In the field of fusion information, multi-focus picture fusion has emerged as a significant research subject. The primary objective of multi focus image fusion is to merge graphical information from several images with various focus points into a single image with no information loss. We provide a robust image fusion method that can combine two or more degraded input photos into a single clear resulting output image with additional detailed information about the fused input images. The targeted item from each of the input photographs is combined to create a secondary image output. The action level quantities and the fusion rule are two key components of picture fusion, as is widely acknowledged. The activity level values are essentially implemented in either the "spatial domain" or the "transform domain" in most common fusion methods, such as wavelet. The brightness information computed from various source photos is compared to the laws developed to produce brightness / focus maps by using local filters to extract high-frequency characteristics. As a result, the focus map provides integrated clarity information, which is useful for a variety of Multi focus picture fusion problems. Image fusion with several modalities, for example. Completing these two jobs, on the other hand. As a consequence, we offer a strategy for achieving good fusion performance in this study paper. A Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) was trained on both high-quality and blurred picture patches to represent the mapping. The main advantage of this idea is that it can create a CNN model that can provide both the Activity level Measurement" and the Fusion rule, overcoming the limitations of previous fusion procedures. Multi focus image fusion is demonstrated using microscopic images, medical imaging, computer visualization, and Image information improvement is also a benefit of multi-focus image fusion. Greater precision is necessary in terms of target detection and identification. Face recognition" and a more compact work load, as well as enhanced system consistency, are among the new features

Assessing the Effects of School Support Facilities on Academic Achievement at Punjab Education Foundation Partner Schools

School supporting facilities provides a base for quality teaching and learning. The objective of this article was to assess the effect of school support facilities at Punjab Education Foundation partner schools on academic achievement. The present study was descriptive in nature; survey approach was used for data collection. Study was delimited to Punjab province. The sample of the study was comprised of 146 Principals from Sahiwal division of Punjab chosen through multi-stage random sampling technique. A Check List for School Support Facilities (CLSSF) consisted of 28 items was self developed, validated before actual survey. The survey data was analyzed by running multiple regression statistics. The dependent variable academic achievement assessed from the academic marks of students obtained in 2017 Punjab Examination Commission of Punjab. The findings of the study showed that school support facilities like tablet, I.T Lab, ventilation, first aid medical box, gas, store room, ECE/kids room, staff room and library contributed about 15.8% towards academic achievement at Punjab Education Foundation partner schools significantly. The Punjab Education Foundation may provide support facilities to their partner schools for the academic promotion

Impulse Noise Removal Using Soft-computing

Image restoration has become a powerful domain now a days. In numerous real life applications Image restoration is important field because where image quality matters it existed like astronomical imaging, defense application, medical imaging and security systems. In real life applications normally image quality disturbed due to image acquisition problems like satellite system images cannot get statically as source and object both moving so noise occurring. Image restoration process involves to deal with that corrupted image. Degradation model used to train filtering techniques for both detection and removal of noise phase. This degeneration is usually the result of excess scar or noise. Standard impulse noise injection techniques are used for standard images. Early noise removal techniques perform better for simple kind of noise but have some deficiencies somewhere in sense of detection or removal process, so our focus is on soft computing techniques non classic algorithmic approach and using (ANN) artificial neural networks. These Fuzzy rules-based techniques performs better than traditional filtering techniques in sense of edge preservation

Even Order Ranked Set Sampling with Auxiliary Variable

Even order ranked set sampling (EORSS) is a novel proposed ranked set sampling scheme connected with an auxiliary variable correlated with the study variable. This scheme quantifies only the one sampling unit which is at even position from each ranking set by employing specific criteria. The performance of the ratio estimator under EORSS is compared to its contemporary estimators in simple random sampling (SRS), ranked set sampling (RSS), median ranked set sampling (MRSS) and quartile ranked set sampling (QRSS) exploiting the same number of quantified units. The simulation results proved that EORSS is an efficient alternative sampling scheme for ratio estimation than SRS, RSS, MRSS and QRSS