Fabrication of multilayers electrodes and electrolyte via screen printing for metal supported solid oxide fuel cell

Metal-Supported Solid Oxide Fuel Cell (MS-SOFC) were produced using a manual screen-printing method on 430 stainless steel (SS430) substrates. Each of MS-SOFC sample was fabricated by using manual screen printing with two different mesh screens which are 305 and 355. The fabrication of NiO-GDC composite anode powder was done by mixing 60wt% NiO and 40wt% GDC. Meanwhile, 50wt% LSCF and 50wt% GDC was mixed to produce LSCF-GDC composite cathode powder. NiO�GDC, LSCF-GDC and GDC powders went through calcination in the furnace at 950℃ for 2 hours. MS-SOFC samples with a different number of repetitions during the screen-printing process were sintered at 900℃ for 90 minutes. In this study, the phase analysis was conducted via X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) method for commercial powder and composite powders. A good XRD pattern was obtained without the presence of any secondary peak in composite anode and cathode powder. The XRD data obtained were analysed to obtain the lattice structure and crystallise size for all the commercial and composite powder. 24.59 nm, 24.38 nm, 13.34 nm are the average crystallise size for NiO, GDC and LSCF, respectively. Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDS) were used to identify the thickness and distribution of elements on each MS-SOFC layer. As a result, the SOFC component layers fabricated by screen printed using 305-mesh screen at 10 times number of printings was selected as the ideal MS-SOFC sample. This is because the thickness of the layers obtained is lower compared to layers from mesh screens 305 and 355 at 15 and 20 times the number of printings which is 11.8 μm, 11.9 μm and 18.2 μm for anode, electrolyte and cathode, respectively. Thin electrode layer will produce low polarization resistance and can improve the SOFC performance itself

Urgensi konseling dalam pembentukan jati diri dan disiplin remaja di rumah penyayangtun abdul razak pekan, Pahang, Malaysia

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui metode dan teknik yang dipratikkan di Rumah Penyayang Tun Abdul Razak Pekan, Pahang yang boleh memebentuk jati diri remaja supaya menjadi remaja yang bagus ke arah positif atau negative. Untuk mengentahui pentingnya konseling remaja ini untuk kedepannya, hambatan-hambatan konseling remaja dalam pembentukan jati diri dan disiplin remaja, di Rumah Penyayang Tun Abdul Razak, Pekan, Pahang, Malaysia. Jenis penelitian ini berbentuk penelitian lapangan (field research) dengan pendekatan penelitian kualitatif. Informan penelitian adalah para penyelia asrama dan pembimbing agama. Teknik pengumpulan data di dalam penelitian ini menggunakan teknik observasi, wawancara serta dokumentasi dengan menggunakan metode mengolah data, reduksi data,, penarikan kesimpulan dan verifikasi. Metode penelitian ini berbentuk penelitian lapangan (field research) dengan pendekatan penelitian kualitatif.Berdasarkan hasil penelitian yang dilakukan di Rumah Penyayang Tun Abdul Razak dapat ditarik kesimpulan bahawasanya dengan adanya urgensi konseling di tempat tersebut dapat membentukkan jati diri dan disiplin remaja dengan lebih positif dan efektif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa teknik konseling remaja di Rumah Penyayang Tun Abdul Razak ini menggunakan metode interaksi yang baik.Bentuk kepentingan konseling yang telah diberikan oleh Rumah Penyayang Tun Abdul Razak kepada remaja ada dua macam yaitu menggunakan asosiasi bebas dan asosiasi terikat. Cara pihak lembaga untuk mengetahui remaja itu sudah mandiri dengan melihat perubahan sikap remaja dengan tiga cara seperti sentiasa didorong, kurang diberi dorongan dan tiada dorongan.Sedangkan hambatan-hambatan yang dihadapi oleh penyelia asrama serta pembimbing agama disini adalah masalah pembelajaran remaja di sekolah dan remaja bertindak agresif. Manakala keberhasilan dari proses konseling dalam pembentukan jati diri dan disiplin adalah perubahan sikap, kerjasama yang baik, penambahan wawasan, dapat melakukan sesuatu perkara tanpa bantuan orang lain, remaja semangat untuk meneruskan kehidupan hariannya dan keilmuan yang baik

Alat pemungut tandan kelapa sawit darjah kebebasan

Kelapa sawit merupakan tanaman yang menyumbang kepada industri penghasilan minyak di dunia seperti minyak masak, minyak industri, dan minyak bahan bakar (biodiesal). Pulangan dari sektor pertanian khususnya kelapa sawit sangat menguntungkan. Kini ramai petani telah bertukar ke tanaman kelapa sawit. Indonesia merupakan pengeluar minyak kelapa sawit terbesar di dunia [1]. Dengan terdapatnya pembukaan ladang sawit secara besar-besaran maka banyaklah syarikat-syarikat pertanian mula mencipta alat atau mesin yang baik untuk mencepatkan proses memetik dan mengeluarkan sawit dari ladang. Namun alatan yang lebih mesra pengguna dilihat tidak dipandang serius. Atas isu ini timbul idea mencipta alat pemungut tandan kelapa sawit darjah kebebasan. Semua sedia maklum untuk mengeluarkan sawit dari ladang perlunya meletakan tandan sawit ke dalam kereta sorong terlebih dahulu.Untuk meletakan sawit ke dalam kereta sorong T-shape palm fruit shank diperlukan. Pekebun akan mengangkat sawit yang telah dipetik dari pokok menggunakan alatan tersebut.Tanpa disedari alatan ini membahayakan pekebun dan membebankan. Pekebun memerlukan tenaga yang banyak untuk mengangkat tandan sawit yang amat berat ke dalam kereta sorong. Selain itu, mengangkat bebanan yang berat dalam kuantiti yang banyak menyebabkan sakit dibahagian tulang belakang pekebun. Di samping itu, mata alat yang tajam dan terdedah meningkatkan risiko kecederaan pekebun. Duri pada buah sawit juga bahaya pada pekebun

Micro-influence of vacuum block positions on machinability of acrylic using hybrid vacuum clamping system

The double-sided vacuum clamper is used in this project to study the engraving and end mill machining output. This paper proposes a mechanical repair solution for clamping which does not leave any trace on the clamped surface and can accommodate tiny workpiece thicknesses. Mass production must rapidly and efficiently locate the workpiece for specific operations. Using vacuum clamp, which can often clamp small, thin parts, to attach and release the workpiece. The hybrid vacuum system capable to support the capacity of machining with two conditions: continuous air pressure and remained air pressure from the compressor. The design of the dual side vacuum block is fully designed with the software SolidWorks, which is analyzed the mechanical properties by using the Static Analysis Simulation. The findings show that the solid vacuum block Delrin led to improved static analysis results. CNC router machine used in the experiments, with a 3 mm diameter to engrave and end milling process to acrylic workpiece. After the experiment, an evaluation has been made on the extent of precision and surface roughness. The most ideal position of the vacuum clamping is side by side with distance due to the nearer clamping force

GC-MS analysis and antibacterial activity of ethanolic and water extracts of Malaysian Heterotrigona itama propolis against selected human pathogenic bacteria

Despite the growing interest in the therapeutic potential of propolis, limited attention has been paid to the chemical composition and biological activity of water extract propolis produced by Malaysian stingless bees. Thus, this study aimed to determine the phytochemical composition and antibacterial potential of ethanolic extract propolis (EEP) and water extract propolis (WEP) of the stingless bee species, Heterotrigona itama against ten pathogenic bacteria. The phytochemical analysis of the extracts was carried out using the gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) technique. The antibacterial activity was determined using the disc-diffusion, minimum inhibition concentration (MIC), and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) methods. The GC-MS analysis of EEP exhibited four volatile compounds including hexamethylcyclotrisiloxane, 2-hydroxy-2-cyclopenten-1-one, 2-coumaranone, and diethyl bis(trimethylsilyl) ester silicic acid. However, only two compounds were identified in WEP, consisting of 2-(acetoxymethyl)-3-(methoxycarbonyl)biphenylene, and hexamethylcyclotrisiloxane. EEP showed the highest antibacterial activity against all Gram-positive bacteria (Bacillus subtilis, Enterococcus faecalis, Enterococcus faecium, Micrococcus luteus, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus mutans) with values of the inhibition zones ranging from 7 to 10 mm. However, both extracts showed no antibacterial activity against Gram-negative bacteria, except WEP, which displayed an inhibition zone of 9.33 ± 1.53 mm against Escherichia coli. Meanwhile, EEP showed the lowest MIC and MBC values against M. luteus at 70 and 280 μg/mL, respectively. The results revealed the presence of several volatile compounds in the EEP of H. itama which could contribute to its antibacterial activity, particularly against Gram-positive bacteria

CallDetect: Detection of Call Log Exploitation Inspired by Apoptosis

Currently, we saw the increment trend of mobile application(app) exploitation that leads to loss of confidential information and money. Many malware camouflages itself as a genuine mobile app or exploits vulnerabilities inside mobile apps. Hence, this paper presents a mobile app called CallDetect that detects Android Application Interface (API) exploitation for call logs inspired by apoptosis. Apoptosis is known as cell-programmed death, and it is part of the human immunology system. Once it suspects any danger that might cause any harm to the human body, it will kill the suspected danger and itself. In the case of CallDetect, it will scan and uninstall the potentially malicious mobile application on a mobile phone. CallDetect consists of 13 new classifications of API call log, which are used as the database for CallDetect. These classifications were built by using static analysis and open source tools in a controlled lab environment. There were 5560 training datasets from Drebin and 550 anonymous testing dataset from Google Playstore. Our finding showed that 39 mobile apps, or 7%, were identified with possible call log exploitation. This paper can be used as a reference for call log API exploitation and can be further enhanced by integrating it with permission and system call exploitation

Design and development of domestic cyclone dust collector system using TRIZ and CCD method

In conventional vacuum cleaners, filter media or filter bags are used to physically separate dust and debris from flowing air streams. However, in such systems, the vacuum cleaner's efficiency diminishes over time as more debris is accumulated on the filter surface. In this study, a two-stage cyclone dust collector system was proposed, which can be attached to existing vacuum cleaners. The system was designed and developed using the integrated Theory of Inventive Problem Solving (TRIZ) and Classical Cyclone Design (CCD) method. The TRIZ method was implemented during the idea generation stage, where specific design solution strategies were reviewed. Theoretical analysis of the selected design was carried out using Classical Cyclone Design (CCD) method. Finally, a full-scale working prototype of the cyclone dust collector was fabricated for evaluation. Based on results, the cyclone dust collector system provides more than 99% fractional efficiency and 96% overall collection efficiency for particles with an average diameter of over 50 μm. The pressure drops and airflow inside the cyclone dust collector were also analysed. The results suggest that the proposed cyclone dust collector system would provide better filtration efficiency and less maintenance compared to the conventional system