SULTAN MUHAMMAD BELLO SENSE OF GOVERNANCE AND SHAYKH UTHMAN FUDOYE UNDERSTANDING OF ISLAMIC PRINCIPLES OF GOVERNMENT IN KITAB SARD AL-KALAM FIMA JARA BAYNI/BAYNANA WA BAINA ABD AL-SALAM AND KITAB AL-FARQ

Sokoto jihad literature seem to be the only literature in Nigeria, written by group of scholars that happen to be comprehensive in nature that covers every part of human endeavor the paper outlines the document of Islamic principle of leadership understand by shaykh Uthman bn Foduye. The books show the differences between the unbeliever’s system of government before the jihad and the Muslims system of government after the jihad. It also highlights the misunderstanding between Abdussalam who is happen to be shaykh’s student and either shaykh himself and or Muhammad Bello. The paper also concludes by recommending to the three group of people individual scholars, sultanate council and government in general to act appropriately for the re-introducing Sokoto Jihad literature to the Muslim community. The paper adopted secondary data in writing the research with the selection of the two books written by Shaykh Uthman bn Fudoye and Muhammad Bello which are Kitab Sard Al-Kalam Fima Jara Bayni/ Baynana Wa Baina Abd Al-Salam and Kitab Al-Fara

The Impacts of Oil Price and Exchange Rate on Food Prices in Nigeria

This empirical research examined the interconnecting relationship between oil price, exchange rate and food prices in Nigeria. The study applied annual time series data from 1972 to 2016. Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) techniques were used in the process of estimating the model. The main results disclosed that there is a long run association among the considered variables. The error correction term indicates significant negative sign. Among the two independent variables in the model, exchange rate is affecting food price more than the oil price counterpart since some of the food items are imported. The result has robust implication on policy recommendations in Nigeria. Food production has a vital role in influencing food prices in Nigeria. The Central Bank of Nigeria must consider exchange rate as a factor influencing food price in its quest for achieving inflation target. Keywords Oil price; exchange rate; food price; ARDL; Nigeria DOI: 10.7176/JESD/10-8-08 Publication date: April 30th 201

1,3-Bis(1-adamant­yl)imidazolium tetra­chloridoferrate(III)

The crystal structure of the title compound, (C23H33N2)[FeCl4], consists of 1,3-bis­(1-adamant­yl)imidazolium (BAIM) cations and tetra­hedral tetra­chloridoferrate(III) (TCF) anions. The BAIM cation possesses m symmetry, with the central imidazole ring and four C atoms of each terminal adamantyl group located on a mirror plane. The Fe and two Cl atoms of the TCF anion are also located on the mirror plane. The cyclo­hexane rings of the adamantyl groups adopt normal chair conformations

Uncertainty principle versus clinical equipoise in clinical trials in sub –Saharan Africa: are they really tenable?

The argument for ‘evidence based medical practice' is compelling and the ideal protocol of randomized controlled studies to obtain higher level evidence is equally sound. However, some peculiarities of African countries make the conduct of standard control trials difficult and raise some serious ethical questions over claims of good trial practices. It may be difficult to apply the uncertainty principle or clinical equipoise as moral underpins for randomization in clinical trials in Africa. A ‘social contract' argument may be a useful alternative. Keywords: Clinical trials, Sub Saharan Africa Annals of African Medicine Vol.2(2) 2003: 99-10

1-(4-Bromo­phen­yl)ferrocene

In the title compound, [Fe(C5H5)(C11H8Br)], the distance of the Fe atom from the centroids of the unsubstituted and substituted cyclo­penta­dienyl (Cp) rings is 1.644 (1) and 1.643 (1) Å, respectively. The ferrocenyl moiety deviates from an eclipsed geometry, with marginally tilted Cp rings and an inter­planar angle between the Cp and benzene rings of 13.0 (4)°. The crystal structure is stabilized by C—H⋯π inter­actions between a cyclo­penta­dienyl H atom and the cyclo­penta­dienyl ring of a neighbouring mol­ecule

Monetary Reward and Teachers’ Performance in Selected Public Secondary Schools in Kano State

This is a conceptual study that intends to examine the relationship between monetary reward and teachers’ performance in Some Selected Kano State public secondary schools. Secondary schools are the bridge between primary education and higher institutions in Nigeria. The need for students to acquire more knowledge and skills beyond primary level in Nigeria has become imperative and hence the need for secondary school education. Therefore, teachers performance is of utmost concern since improvement of teachers’ performance can lead to effective performance of students and the education sector at large. The study is going to be quantitative and will adopt survey research design. Cluster sampling technique will be used to obtain responses from the sample of 375 teachers. Regression analysis will be used for Data analysis through SPSS version 17. Keywords: Monetary reward, Performance, Teachers, Motivatio

An Assessment of Effective Serials Management in Selected Academic Libraries in Niger State, Nigeria.

This paper reports an examination of effective serials management practices in some academic libraries in Niger state. The study specifically investigated the types of serial materials in the libraries. It also examined the acquisition methods as well as methods applied in organizing serial materials in the studied libraries. Challenges bedeviling effective management of serial information sources also form the objective. The study further made a review from different sources on management of serials in libraries. The population of the study consisted of twenty three (23) staff manning the serials units of the affected libraries. Questionnaire and observation check-list were used as the instruments for data collection. 23 copies of questionnaire and observation check-list were distributed, filled and completely (100%) returned for data analysis. Descriptive statistics of frequency and percentages was used for data analysis. The study revealed that Newspapers, magazines and academic journals are the major serial materials available in the academic libraries. Direct purchase from book vendors, Constant subscription of physical serials and online databases were the main methods applied in acquiring serials in the libraries. It discovered that shelving and shelf reading, carding among other were the organizational techniques adopted by the libraries. Paucity of funds, Inadequate ICT facilities as well as inadequate working tools was the factors bedeviling effective serials management in the libraries. The study thus recommended among others that adequate funds be allocated to the libraries, online subscription be enhanced, conducive working environment for library personnel, independent power sources be provided to the academic libraries

Audit Tenure, Audit Independence, Audit Committee Independence, Board Independence, and Audit Quality in the Listed Deposit Money Banks in Nigeria: The Moderating Effect of Institutional Ownership

The study examined the moderating effect of institutional ownership on relationship between audit tenure, audit independence, board independence and audit quality of listed deposit money banks (LDMBs) in Nigeria. The study population comprises 14 LDMBs on the Nigerian Stock Exchange as at 31st December, 2020. 13 LDMBs were used as sample of the study. Logit regression technique was used as a tool of data analysis. Findings of the study revealed that, in the direct relationship, audit independence, board independence and institutional ownership have significant effect on the audit quality of LDMBs in Nigeria. The finding of the moderated model of the study reveals that institutional ownership has a significant negative moderating role on the relationship between audit tenure, audit independence, board independence and audit quality of LDMBs. It is therefore recommended among others that listed deposit money banks in Nigeria should ensure that they consider long-term institutional shareholding since those with a long-term stake have the motivation to monitor management and thereby, requesting a better audit quality through BIG4 auditors

Students’ Perception of Factors Influencing Teaching and Learning of Mathematics in Senior Secondary Schools in Maiduguri Metropolis, Borno State, Nigeria

This study examined students’ perception of factors influencing teaching and learning of mathematics in senior secondary schools in Maiduguri Metropolis of Borno State, Nigeria. The objectives of the study were to determine the extent to which students perceived: qualification, method of teaching, instructional materials and attitude of both teachers and students influence the teaching and learning of mathematics in senior secondary schools. The study used a sample of 1500 males and 1100 females students from six selected senior secondary schools in Maiduguri Metropolis, Borno State, Nigeria. The instrument used for data collection was a self-developed questionnaire measuring students' perception of factors influencing teaching and learning of mathematics. It had a reliability index of 0.81. To analyze the data collected, the research questions were answered using descriptive statistics such as simple frequency, mean and standard  deviation. The results indicated that qualification of mathematics teachers, teaching method, and instructional materials were highly perceived by students as important determinants of their success in learning. Also, students’ attitude towards mathematics teaching and learning was an important factor in the performance of students.  Based on the results of this study, it was recommended that: There is need to improve the quality of mathematics teachers.  Government of Borno State should embark on serious in-service training of mathematics teachers to equip them with skills for teaching mathematics in secondary schools. Also there is need for mathematics teachers to try and understand the perceptions of their students and try to adopt instructional strategies that whatever student perceived as easy would really turn out to be easy and whatever is difficult may be properly addressed to motivate and encourage students to see the need in learning mathematics and improve their performance. Keywords: Students' perception, Teachers' qualification, Teaching method, Mathematics                teaching, Mathematics learnin