1,788 research outputs found
GALEX Catalog of UV Point Sources in M33
The hottest stars (10,000 K), and by extension typically the most massive
ones, are those that will be prevalent in the ultraviolet (UV) portion of the
electromagnetic spectrum, and we expect numerous B, O, and Wolf-Rayet stars to
be bright in UV data. In this paper, we update the previous UV catalog of M33,
created using the Ultraviolet Imaging Telescope (UIT), using data from the
Galaxy Evolution Explorer (GALEX). We utilize PSF photometry to better handle
the crowded regions in the galaxy, and benefit from GALEX's increased
sensitivity compared to UIT. We match our detections with data from the Local
Group Galaxies Survey (LGGS) to create a catalog with photometry spanning from
the far-UV through the optical for a final list of 24738 sources. All of these
sources have far-UV (FUV; 1516A), near-UV (NUV; 2267A), and V data, and a
significant fraction also have U, B, R, and I data as well. We compare these
sources to a catalog of known Wolf-Rayet stars in M33 and find that we recover
114 of 206 stars with spatially-coincident UV objects. Additionally, we
highlight and investigate those sources with unique colors as well as a
selection of other well-studied sources in M33.Comment: Version accepted by MNRAS, updated with suggestions from the referee.
For a brief video abstract of the paper, please visit
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Interpreting silent gesture:Cognitive biases and rational inference in emerging language systems
Natural languages make prolific use of conventional constituentâordering patterns to indicate âwho did what to whom,â yet the mechanisms through which these regularities arise are not well understood. A series of recent experiments demonstrates that, when prompted to express meanings through silent gesture, people bypass native language conventions, revealing apparent biases underpinning word order usage, based on the semantic properties of the information to be conveyed. We extend the scope of these studies by focusing, experimentally and computationally, on the interpretation of silent gesture. We show crossâlinguistic experimental evidence that people use variability in constituent order as a cue to obtain different interpretations. To illuminate the computational principles that govern interpretation of nonâconventional communication, we derive a Bayesian model of interpretation via biased inductive inference and estimate these biases from the experimental data. Our analyses suggest people's interpretations balance the ambiguity that is characteristic of emerging language systems, with ordering preferences that are skewed and asymmetric, but defeasible
CCR5 inhibition in critical COVID-19 patients decreases inflammatory cytokines, increases CD8 T-cells, and decreases SARS-CoV2 RNA in plasma by day 14
OBJECTIVE: Infection with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is now a global pandemic. Emerging results indicate a dysregulated immune response. Given the role of CCR5 in immune cell migration and inflammation, we investigated the impact of CCR5 blockade via the CCR5-specific antibody leronlimab on clinical, immunological, and virological parameters in severe COVID-19 patients.
METHODS: In March 2020, 10 terminally ill, critical COVID-19 patients received two doses of leronlimab via individual emergency use indication. We analyzed changes in clinical presentation, immune cell populations, inflammation, as well as SARS-CoV-2 plasma viremia before and 14 days after treatment.
RESULTS: Over the 14-day study period, six patients survived, two were extubated, and one discharged. We observed complete CCR5 receptor occupancy in all donors by day 7. Compared with the baseline, we observed a concomitant statistically significant reduction in plasma IL-6, restoration of the CD4/CD8 ratio, and resolution of SARS-CoV2 plasma viremia (pVL). Furthermore, the increase in the CD8 percentage was inversely correlated with the reduction in pVL (r = -0.77, p = 0.0013).
CONCLUSIONS: Our study design precludes clinical efficacy inferences but the results implicate CCR5 as a therapeutic target for COVID-19 and they form the basis for ongoing randomized clinical trials
Social structure and lexical uniformity: A case study of gender differences in the Kata Kolok community
Language emergence is characterized by a high degree of lex- ical variation. It has been suggested that the speed at which lexical conventionalization occurs depends partially on social structure. In large communities, individuals receive input from many sources, creating a pressure for lexical convergence. In small, insular communities, individuals can remember id- iolects and share common ground with interlocuters, allow- ing these communities to retain a high degree of lexical vari- ation. We look at lexical variation in Kata Kolok, a sign lan- guage which emerged six generations ago in a Balinese vil- lage, where women tend to have more tightly-knit social net- works than men. We test if there are differing degrees of lexical uniformity between women and men by reanalyzing a picture description task in Kata Kolok. We ïŹnd that womenâs produc- tions exhibit less lexical uniformity than menâs. One possible explanation of this ïŹnding is that womenâs more tightly-knit social networks allow for remembering idiolects, alleviating the pressure for lexical convergence, but social network data from the Kata Kolok community is needed to support this ex- planation
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