Salutogénesis, sanación y curación

Introducción: En salud aún prevalece, a escala mundial, el modelo patogénico, el cual acentúa la etiopatogenia de la enfermedad, la curación o rehabilitación. Progresivamente se viene introduciendo el modelo de salutogénesis, que preconiza la importancia de la prevención primaria, el bienestar y la sanidad. El objetivo del artículo consiste en argumentar los nexos entre salutogénesis, curación y sanación, como categorías conectadas a la condición saludable de los sujetos, tomándose como fuente de sustentación el criterio de profesionales de la salud y la consulta de fuentes bibliográficas acreditadas acerca de la temática. Material y métodos: Se emplearon métodos y técnicas teóricos, empíricos y estadísticos. La sistematización teórica permitió caracterizar y relacionar los procesos de salutogénesis, curación y sanación. Se aplicó un cuestionario en línea a profesionales vinculados con el sector de la salud para indagar acerca de las categorías de sanación y curación, de los que se obtuvo respuesta de 35 especialistas. Los datos fueron procesados mediante la estadística descriptiva. Resultados: La exploración develó algunas diferencias y semejanzas entre los procesos curativo y sanador; destacándose el carácter más restringido del primero; en tanto la metodología más versátil y creativa, el carácter transformador y los efectos más duraderos del segundo. Se advierte que el nivel de dominio relativo a ambos procesos no es suficientemente extendido ni notorio, como se requeriría para una labor asistencial más efectiva

Optimization of Hybrid Renewable Energy Systems for Power Generation: A Bibliometric Review

The use of Hybrid Power Generation Systems through renewable sources has been gaining prominence, since it is a way to reduce the dependence on fossil fuels, contributing to the reduction of pollutant gas emissions to the environment. Due to the higher operational complexity, the multiplicity of options and constant improvement of these units, how to optimize these systems is still a subject of present studies. Considering the attention that this topic has received from the academic community, the challenges for mapping and identifying the relevant literature, this article provides a macroscopic view of the scientific literature on the Optimization of Hybrid Renewable Energy Systems (HRES) for energy generation, through analysis bibliometric. The research was developed using the Web of Science database, obtaining a total of 439 articles between 2010 and 2020, where the results were interpreted through the VOSviewer software. The results showed that the number of related publications is gradually increasing, with India as the leading country. The University of Malaya is the institution with a higher number of registers, with 14 entries. Most publications fit into the “Energy Fuels” category, with the magazines “Renewable Sustainable Energy Reviews” and “Renewable Energy” as the most influential in terms of the number of publications, as well as the United States and China are the countries with most research collaboration. Besides, the most cited articles and the recurrence and distribution of keywords indicate the future directions of research. In short, this study contributes valuable information to researchers on the topic

Descripción de la competencia resolución de conflictos para su formación en estudiantes de Sociología

La exploración teórica en obras de disímiles autores y el análisis de documentos que norman el proceso formativo de los estudiantes de Sociología, develaron la escasa presencia de propuestas referentes a la estructura conceptual de la competencia resolución de conflictos en estudiantes de Sociología. Se describen los elementos constituyentes de la estructura conceptual de esta competencia. Entre los métodos teóricos se utilizan el analítico-sintético, el inductivo-deductivo y la modelación sistémico-estructural-funcional para abordar las especificidades de la referida competencia. Del nivel empírico se emplea el análisis de documentos para la aproximación al estudio de dicha competencia cuya génesis se ubica en la prevención y manejo responsable y comprometido de conflictos, desde el proceso de educación socioemocional

Environmental and economic impact of the use of natural gas for generating electricity in The Amazon: A case study

The transformations taking place in the Amazon, considered the "lungs of the planet", have special significance, not only for energy savings, but also for its environmental impact due to the reduction of greenhouse gases. Since 2010, in Manaus, the capital of Amazonas in Brazil, many power plants are replacing fuel oil with natural gas for power generation. Because of the large natural gas reserves in the region, this fuel has become the best choice for power plants built in this place. This paper analyzes the technical economic and environmental impact of the substitution of fuel oil by natural gas in the analyzed power generation plant

Conceptualization, Definition and Assessment of Internal Logistics through Different Approaches Using Artificial Intelligence

The aim of this chapter is to develop a new concept of internal logistics, its components parts and how to evaluate it. To quantify the level of performance of the internal logistics of a company is an important issue to gain competitiveness. There are few papers now at days that analyze how to quantify this issue. In recent years, it has been developed numerous applications of Fuzzy logic and Neural Networks to solve diverse problems of Engineering. Fuzzy logic is a mathematical tool that emulates the method used for humans for managing and processing information and Neural Networks are computing systems inspired by the biological neural networks that constitute human brains. Such systems “learn” to perform tasks by considering examples, generally without being programmed with task-specific rules. This chapter offers a new definition of internal logistics and shows the procedure to evaluate its level in a company. This procedure for assessing the internal logistics was developed through an Excel tab, a fuzzy inference system and a neural network. To validate this procedure, it was applied to 93 companies in the Industrial Pole of Manaus. Results obtained by different approaches are very similar, demonstrating the validity of the procedure developed

Simplified calculation of vibrations in shell and tube heat exchangers with liquids

A very serious problem to consider in the mechanical design of Shell and Tube Heat Exchangers is the vibrations induced in the tubes by the fluid pass. The vibration of the tubes of the Shell and Tube Heat Exchangers is a factor that limits the operation of these equipments in important way. The dynamic processes of the nonstationary fluids that happen during the flow produce vibrations. These are turbulent pulsations of the pressure (turbulent flow), initiation of the vortex and separation of the tubes during the crossing of the currents, hydro elastic interaction of the assemblies of the transmitting elements of the heat (tubes) with the flow, and acoustic phenomena. In the present work the procedure for the calculation of the vibrations in Shell and Tube Heat Exchangers is described

Impacto ecológico de los Intercambiadores de calor de tubo y coraza; Ecological impact of Shell and tube heat exchangers

Los intercambiadores de calor de tubo y coraza son de los equipos más importantes en la industria. Su diseño termodinámico se basa en el coeficiente global de transferencia de calor y la caída de presión total. En 2007 se estableció una nueva propiedad termodinámica denominada “Entransía”, que expresa la capacidad de un cuerpo de transferir calor. A la pérdida de esa capacidad se le denomina “Disipación de Entransía”. Para evaluar el impacto ecológico de las máquinas térmicas, Angulo-Brown creó en 1991 la llamada función ecológica. En el presente trabajo se combinó la disipación de entransía con la función ecológica y se creó una nueva expresión para evaluar el impacto ambiental de los intercambiadores de calor. Se realizó además la optimización muti-objetivo de estos equipos. Fueron utilizadas como funciones objetivo la función ecológica y el costo. Para realizar la optimización se utilizó el método de los Algoritmos Genéticos.Shell and tube heat exchangers are ones the most important equipment in the industry. Their thermodynamic design is based on the global heat transference coefficient and the pressure drop. In 2007 was settled a new thermodynamic property denominated “Entransy”, which expresses the capacity of a body to transfer heat. The loss of this capacity is denominated “Entransy Dissipation”. For evaluating the ecological impact of thermal machines, Angulo-Brown created in 1991 the “ecological function”. In this paper the“entransy dissipation” and the ecological function were combined and a new expression for evaluating the ecological impact of shell and tube heat exchangers was created. A multi-objective optimization of this equipment wasalso realized. The ecological function and the cost wereused as objective functions. For carry out the optimization the method of the Genetic Algorithms was used.</p

Impacto ecológico de los Intercambiadores de calor de tubo y coraza

Shell and tube heat exchangers are ones the most important equipment in the industry. Their thermodynamic design is based on the global heat transference coefficient and the pressure drop. In 2007 was settled a new thermodynamic property denominated "Entransy", which expresses the capacity of a body to transfer heat. The loss of this capacity is denominated "Entransy Dissipation". For evaluating the ecological impact of thermal machines, Angulo-Brown created in 1991 the "ecological function". In this paper the"entransy dissipation" and the ecological function were combined and a new expression for evaluating the ecological impact of shell and tube heat exchangers was created. A multi-objective optimization of this equipment wasalso realized. The ecological function and the cost wereused as objective functions. For carry out the optimization the method of the Genetic Algorithms was used.Los intercambiadores de calor de tubo y coraza son de los equipos más importantes en la industria. Su diseño termodinámico se basa en el coeficiente global de transferencia de calor y la caída de presión total. En 2007 se estableció una nueva propiedad termodinámica denominada "Entransía", que expresa la capacidad de un cuerpo de transferir calor. A la pérdida de esa capacidad se le denomina "Disipación de Entransía". Para evaluar el impacto ecológico de las máquinas térmicas, Angulo-Brown creó en 1991 la llamada función ecológica. En el presente trabajo se combinó la disipación de entransía con la función ecológica y se creó una nueva expresión para evaluar el impacto ambiental de los intercambiadores de calor. Se realizó además la optimización muti-objetivo de estos equipos. Fueron utilizadas como funciones objetivo la función ecológica y el costo. Para realizar la optimización se utilizó el método de los Algoritmos Genéticos

Energy Efficiency Improvement in Non-Intensive Energy Enterprises: A Framework Proposal

Generalized renewable energy use and the implementation of energy efficiency are two promising solutions to face global environmental challenges and achieve sustainable development. Government and large enterprises are making efforts in this direction; however, there are bottlenecks to start energy efficiency projects especially in non-intensive energy enterprises (NIEs). The aim of this work is to discuss energy efficiency improvement (EEI) initiatives and analyses a framework proposal to improve the energy efficiency implementation in (NIEs). It was applied the theory of Barrier Model to Energy Efficiency to understand the gap between the levels of opportunities implemented, and what theoretically the industrial sector could achieve. It was found that behavior barriers are relevant to understand the efficiency gap and it is necessary to have an action plan to address them. The analysis has been carried out in the fertilizer industry and the preliminary results demonstrate the advantageous reduction of energy losses

Factores geométricos para calcular a flexión engranajes cilíndricos rectos asimétricos con perfil evolvente - trocoide // Geometric factors for determining the bending strength of asymmetric spur gears with profile teeth involute-trochoid

ResumenSe propone un modo de cálculo analítico basado en el análisis del modelo gráfico del diente de losengranajes cilíndricos rectos asimétricos con perfil de evolvente y trocoide, que permite obtener lasvariables asociadas a la determinación de los factores geométricos de forma y de resistencia,necesarios para el cálculo de la resistencia a flexión. Este tipo de procedimiento es empleado porprimera vez para obtener el parámetro geométrico de forma. Además, se establecen losfundamentos que aportan la determinación del parámetro geométrico de resistencia J para estostipos de engranajes. Los resultados de la presente investigación permiten determinar el esfuerzomáximo a la flexión a partir de los coeficientes geométricos de forma y resistencia, se construyeronecuaciones, tablas y diagramas representativos de estos parámetros. La aplicación práctica de esteenfoque de solución, permite la generalización del mismo en los mecanismos de transmisión conengranajes cilíndricos de dientes rectos asimétricos de perfil evolvente trocoide..Palabras claves: engranaje recto asimétrico, factores geométricos, resistencia a la flexión, CAD/CAE.__________________________________________________________________________AbstractIn this paper an analytical method of calculus based on computer analysis of the spur gears graphicmodel with asymmetric teeth of involute profile and trochoid is proposed, it was estimated formgeometry factor and bending strength by a direct calculus method. This procedure is first used toobtain form geometry factor. Furthermore, the factor J foundation for these types of gears wasestablished. The results of this research determinates analytically the maximum bending stress, usingthe form geometry factor and bending geometry factor, built equations, tables and diagramsrepresenting these parameters. The practical application of this solution approach allows thegeneralization of it in use in transmission mechanisms of cylindrical spur gears of asymmetric involutetrochoid profile..Key words: asymmetric spur gear, geometry factors, bending strength, CAD/CAE.</p