A study on some microbial indices and nutrient matters in the southern part of Caspian Sea; Guilan province

The microbial pollutions and nutrient matters of the southern part of Caspian Sea is to be under close scrutiny as it is vital to tourist health and environmental conservation. In this research, some physico-chemical factors, nutrient matters, oxygen demand parameters and microbial indices were investigated. Sampling from nine sites along Astara to Chaboksar coastline were conducted with five replicates. The mean of temperature, Salinity, pH, phosphate, and nitrate, FC, TC, BOD5 and COD were respectively obtained as 22.48°C, 8.5ppt, 8.27, 0.43mg/l, 2.21mg/l, 144MPN/100ml, 626.9MPN/100ml, 3.58mg/l and 9.43 mg/l. Maximum levels of nutrient matters were measured at Anzali and Kiyashahr sites. Results showed there are positive correlations between nutrient matters as well as COD with microbial indices. The average of microbial indices at nine sampling sites were higher than the permissible level of national and international organizations for swimming places. Due to high level of microbial pollution at Anzali and Chobar sampling sites, the swimming places of these areas require specific administration

Introducing the best cell culture method for primary hepatocyte from orangespotted grouper, Epinephelus coioides

Liver is one of the most important organs in vertebrates that have important roles in detoxifying. This organ was used as a target organ in many physiological and toxicological aspects. The main purpose of the present study was developing appropriate methodology for the primary cultivation of hepatic cells from orange-spotted Grouper, Epinephelus coioides, a subtropical fish species of the family Serranidae. In present study, hepatocytes were isolated from five grouper individuals. Initially, the fish wiped with 70% ethanol. Liver were removed and cut into small pieces with scissors and hepatocytes were disconnected using different enzymatic digestion with collagenase (Type 1 and 4) and trypsin and additional nutrient materials in culturing mediums. Then, cells were cultured for 2 weeks in Lebowitz L-15 under 3 methods: 1. using enzymatic digestion by trypsin, 2. using enzymatic digestion by collagenase (type 1 and 4) and 3. Using nutrients and additives was cultured. Finally, effects of different incubation temperature (20, 25, 28, 30 and 32 degree of Celsius) and Bovine serum content (0, 10 and 20% and 20%+ITS) on cell growth were estimated. According to the results, digestion by collagenase type 4, resulted in more cell colonization and growth in comparison with other methods. At the same method, cells showed fibroblastic morphology. In conclusion, the best culture method for primary hepatocyte from orange-spotted Grouper, Epinephelus coioides, was using ITS+20%FBS under 30 degree of Celsius incubation temperature

Changes in electrolytes and urea of blood according to the reproduction season and body size in the ذrown banded ذamboo shark (Chiloscyllium punctatum) from Persian Gulf

Cartilaginous fishes were used urea to regulate osmolarity of internal fluids. Despite studies on the regulation of blood osmolytes values, the effect of body size and reproduction on concentration of these materials seems necessary. In this investigation, 36 individual of Brown banded Bamboo sharks (Chiloscyllium punctatum) in both autumn (before reproduction) and spring (period of reproduction) seasons were caught from Dervish's Creek located at the northern of Persian Gulf. After catching sharks, the blood samples were taken from fish and then weighing, biometry and the numbering of sharks. The electrolyte analyzers and auto analyzer was used to measurement respectively of serum electrolytes and urea concentrations. The results showed that there was no significant difference in the concentration of blood osmolytes between males and females (P>0/05), but there was a significant difference between the sharks caught in autumn with sharks caught in spring (P<0/05). On the other hand, with classifying the sharks into different groups becames that the levels of osmolytes were higher in the blood of smaller sharks than larger one (P<0/05). So that, Striking result of this study, the relative reduction in blood electrolytes and urea concentrations are associated with increased body size

Antioxidant capacity and phenolic and flavonoid content of macro algae in the northern coasts of the Persian Gulf in Bushehr province

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the antioxidant properties of hydroalchoholic extractions of three species of green, brown and red algae. The highest and the lowest total phenol contents was in L. snyderia (113/9±0/69 mg gallic acid per gram of extract) and the green algae E. intestinalis (72/36±6/05 mg gallic acid per gram of extract) respectively. The highest values of total flavonoid was founded in the red algae L. snyderia (41/05±1/95 mg Rutin per gram of extract) however, the lowest values was (12/7±0/41 mg Rutin per gram of extract) in the brown alga C. trinodis. L. snyderia showed the most antioxidant activity, and C. trinodis had lowest amounts of antioxidant potential by the radical, azinobis ethylen benz thiazoline sulphonic acid (ABTS) test. There were significant differences between anti-oxidant activities of algae according the ABTS test

Comparisons of anti-radical and antibacterial potential among macro algae from northern coasts of the Persian Gulf

The purpose of study was to evaluate the anti-oxidant and anti-bacterial activities of three species of green, brown and red algae from northern coast of the Persian Gulf, The study was performed using DPPH, FRAP, PMD and RP tests for anti-oxidant capability and disk diffusion and plate methods of ethanol extraction for anti-bacterial ability. In the current investigation, The best anti-oxidant activity and inhibition potential of DPPH free radicals and RP were shown in ethanol extract of Entromorpha intestinalis green algae and lowest values was detected in Cystoseira myrica brown algae.The highest anti-oxidant activity was measured by FRAP test in green algae E. intestinalis and the lowest anti-oxidant activity was obtained in the red algaeGracilaria corticata.The highest anti-oxidant activity with PMD test was found in the red algae G. corticata. However, anti-oxidant activity of the green algae E. Intestinalis was shown high activity with DPPH, FRAP, RP tests. Hydro-alcohol extraction of sea weed did not show any anti-bacterial properties

Biodiversity of macroscopic brown algae coastal area of Bushehr Province

The aim of this study was distinguish of biodiversity and abundance of brown algae in the coastal zone of the Bushehr province in the Persian Gulf during warm and cold seasons. The most and lowest density of brown algae was observed in the spring (33±20 Number in m^2) and in the autumn (17± 9Number in m^2), respectively. The highest density was belong to Cystoserriamyricawith (41±25 Number in m^2) and it also was dominant species among the six identified species of brown algae. The comparison result of diversity indices in different zone showed that the most amuont of Margalef index (0/438), and dominance and low diversity using primer software observed in within the mid tidal zone. The maximum value of the Shannon index (0/94) was belonged to the low and mid litoral zone. Seasonal comparison of diversity indices showed, the Most of species richness and dominance was revealed at autumn and highest indices of Shannon (0/76) was observed at spring. Totally, Species richness was the highest and lowest in the Nuclear power Plant and Ganaveh stations in two seasons respectively

The possibility of broodstock production Pinctada margaritifera in response to the dietary treatments

Pearl aquaculture production is one of the most valuable industry in the world. Black lip pearl oyster Pinctada margaritifera is one of the most important commercial species in the world that it is used for breeding and production of pearl. To determine the basic requirements for black lip oyster growth and development of gonad under controlled conditions, Pearl oysters with a total length of 80 mm shells that were in stage 2 maturation of the island Hendorabi collected by diving operations and were transferred to Bandar Lengeh Research Station Persian Gulf mollusks. Pearl oysters with length of 95 mm shells, was passed were all male. 25 percent of them with a total length of 100-110 mm and all with a total length top of 110 mm were female. Then thay were fed for 45 days in appropriate conditions of temperature and photoperiod with March until late spring. Ggreatest physical growth related to Diet with micro-algae Isochrysis sp (T.ISO), Cheatoceros calcitrans, Cheatoceros mullerii, Pavlova lutheri and Tetraselmis suecica, which with the other treatments were significantly different (p<0.05). Most gonadal growth of the group 4 (Isochrysis sp (T.ISO), Pavlova lutheri, Cheatoceros calcitrans, Cheatoceros mullerii) was 70% in the treated females were spawning. Minimum total length of black lip oyster in habitat of 80 mm, which were collected from a depth of 2 meters. There is no relationship between total length Oysters and depth of 4 to 10 meters depth and minimum total length was 115 mm. The most density of Black lip oyster were observed in the depths of 4 to 7 meters in the northwestern part of the island Hendorabi. There were stronger correlation between biometric data, length-weight relative to length- length

Biallelic PRMT7 pathogenic variants are associated with a recognizable syndromic neurodevelopmental disorder with short stature, obesity, and craniofacial and digital abnormalities.

PURPOSE: Protein arginine methyltransferase 7 (PRMT7) is a member of a family of enzymes that catalyzes the methylation of arginine residues on several protein substrates. Biallelic pathogenic PRMT7 variants have previously been associated with a syndromic neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by short stature, brachydactyly, intellectual developmental disability, and seizures. To our knowledge, no comprehensive study describes the detailed clinical characteristics of this syndrome. Thus, we aim to delineate the phenotypic spectrum of PRMT7-related disorder. METHODS: We assembled a cohort of 51 affected individuals from 39 different families, gathering clinical information from 36 newly described affected individuals and reviewing data of 15 individuals from the literature. RESULTS: The main clinical characteristics of the PRMT7-related syndrome are short stature, mild to severe developmental delay/intellectual disability, hypotonia, brachydactyly, and distinct facial morphology, including bifrontal narrowing, prominent supraorbital ridges, sparse eyebrows, short nose with full/broad nasal tip, thin upper lip, full and everted lower lip, and a prominent or squared-off jaw. Additional variable findings include seizures, obesity, nonspecific magnetic resonance imaging abnormalities, eye abnormalities (i.e., strabismus or nystagmus), and hearing loss. CONCLUSION: This study further delineates and expands the molecular, phenotypic spectrum and natural history of PRMT7-related syndrome characterized by a neurodevelopmental disorder with skeletal, growth, and endocrine abnormalities