Sectoral approach : what is in it for the Chinese economy?

In any international negotiation on climate change close link among science, economics and politics can hardly be ignored. The argument for mitigation in case of long lived stock pollutants can never be rationally based on current growth level. It is a complex situation and any over simplifies approach will further complicate rather than lead to any positive solution. Competitiveness argument, border adjustment, trade barriers on emission intensive goods and services of Annex I countries can hardly be justified even at the current market share in trade, production, consumption. The best way to approach the problem can be to combine domestic and international actions judiciously. Need for transition to globally low carbon economy by the end of the century is least contested today. Common responsibility of attaining decarbonised growth path for global human welfare is uncontested but much contested is the differentiated responsibility design mechanism. Differentiated responsibility is a dynamic notion. So who should do how much and when, in dynamic context, is still an unresolved research question. But what is understood well is a fully functional global carbon market with global carbon price can provide a least cost solution with desired level of autonomy chosen by each country. Past attempts through CDM provide a small short term step towards that for flow of finance in niche investments and new technology, Sectoral Approach (SA) can provide a second level of stepping stone towards fully functional carbon market through financial flow into non niche market such as energy efficiency type of investment. China today is the leader among Non-Annex I countries in CDM and with first layer of capacity building it can be the natural leaders in SA

Activating ZnO nanorods photoanodes in visible light by CdS surface sensitiser

Thin films of c-axis aligned uniform ZnO nanorods (NRs) were fabricated on to fluorine-doped tin oxide-coated soda lime glass substrate by a two-step chemical route. Thereafter ZnO NRs/CdS core shell structures were successfully synthesised by depositing CdS layer on top of vertically aligned ZnO NRs using less hazardous nanocrystal layer deposition technique. The presence of CdS in ZnO NRs/CdS core shell structures was confirmed by energy dispersive X-ray analysis. Examination of structure and morphology of the fabricated films by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) revealed that both films have one-dimensional hexagonal wurtzite structure. Optical properties evaluated from ultraviolet-visible and photoluminescence spectra demonstrated better photo response of ZnO NRs/CdS core shell structure with respect to bare ZnO NR structure. Optical to chemical conversion efficiency of ZnO NRs/CdS photoanode was found to be similar to 1.75 times higher than bare ZnO NRs photoanode in photo electrochemical water splitting under visible light

Prospects of 4H-SiC Double Drift Region IMPATT Device as a Photo-Sensitive High-Power Source at 0.7 Terahertz Frequency Regime

The dynamic performance of wide-bandgap 4H-SiC based double drift region (p++ p n n++) IMPATT diode is simulated for the first time at terahertz frequency (0.7 Terahertz) region. The simulation experiment establishes the potential of SiC based IMPATT diode as a high power (2.5×1011 Wm−2) terahertz source. The parasitic series resistance in the device is found to reduce the RF power output by 10.7%. The effects of external radiation on the simulated diode are also studied. It is found that (i) the negative conductance and (ii) the negative resistance of the diode decrease, while, the frequency of operation and the quality factor shift upward under photoillumination. Holes in 4H-SiC based IMPATT are found to dominate the modulation activities. The inequality in the magnitude of electron and hole ionization rates in the semiconductors may be correlated with these findings

Strategies for Low Carbon Growth In India: Industry and Non Residential Sectors

This report analyzed the potential for increasing energy efficiency and reducing greenhouse gas emissions (GHGs) in the non-residential building and the industrial sectors in India. The first two sections describe the research and analysis supporting the establishment of baseline energy consumption using a bottom up approach for the non residential sector and for the industry sector respectively. The third section covers the explanation of a modeling framework where GHG emissions are projected according to a baseline scenario and alternative scenarios that account for the implementation of cleaner technology

GROWING POPULARITY OF MAIZE CULTIVATION IN RANGPUR DISTRICT OF BANGLADESH: AN EVIDENCE FROM GANGACHARA UPAZILA

Maize cultivation has been gaining popularly in the rangpur district of Bangladesh in recent years. The study is mainly an attempt to explore the reasons for the growing popularity of maize cultivation in the Gangachara upazila (Sub-district) of Rangpur district. It also examines the future viability of maize cultivation in this area. For data collection, three-stage cluster sampling method has been used to determine the setting of the study selecting 110 farmers who have been involving themselves in maize cultivation for at least ten years, by replacing traditional crops like tobacco and boro rice. Benefit-cost (ratio) analysis is carried out in the study for its purpose and it is found that the cultivation of maize is more profitable than that of boro rice and tobacco. Furthermore, water table data analysis in the study also reveals that the ground water level is depleting in the study area in rabi season and causing groundwater scarcity. Therefore, it would be viable to cultivate maize in the near future at the backdrop of the scarcity of the ground water as maize is less water-intensive crop than other traditional crops grown in this region

A study to assess the level of knowledge regarding prevention and management of acute respiratory infection among mothers of children 0-5 years in selected hospital in Siliguri

Background: In developing countries like India acute respiratory infection (ARI) contributes in child mortality upto 75% and out of 10, 7 deaths are due to ARI. The knowledge of the mothers towards the disease is a significant determinant of child’s health.Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study included 100 mothers of children 0-5 years admitted in pediatric ward and postnatal ward in selected hospital Siliguri during the year 2022 in the month of March. Data was collected using structured interview method.Results: 20% of mothers have good knowledge in prevention and 33% had good knowledge in management of ARI.Conclusions: As the leading cause of death among children, knowledge assessment about ARI among the mothers is very important, which helps for better understanding of the intensity of the problem