10 research outputs found
Quantum fields in disequilibrium: neutral scalar bosons with long-range, inhomogeneous perturbations
Using Schwinger's quantum action principle, dispersion relations are obtained
for neutral scalar mesons interacting with bi-local sources. These relations
are used as the basis of a method for representing the effect of interactions
in the Gaussian approximation to field theory, and it is argued that a marked
inhomogeneity, in space-time dependence of the sources, forces a discrete
spectrum on the field. The development of such a system is characterized by
features commonly associated with chaos and self-organization (localization by
domain or cell formation). The Green functions play the role of an iterative
map in phase space. Stable systems reside at the fixed points of the map. The
present work can be applied to self-interacting theories by choosing suitable
properties for the sources. Rapid transport leads to a second order phase
transition and anomalous dispersion. Finally, it is shown that there is a
compact representation of the non-equilibrium dynamics in terms of generalized
chemical potentials, or equivalently as a pseudo-gauge theory, with an
imaginary charge. This analogy shows, more clearly, how dissipation and entropy
production are related to the source picture and transform a flip-flop like
behaviour between two reservoirs into the Landau problem in a constant
`magnetic field'. A summary of conventions and formalism is provided as a basis
for future work.Comment: 23 pages revte
Dynamics of Two Higgs Doublet CP Violation and Baryogenesis at the Electroweak Phase Transition
We quantitatively study the charge transport mechanism of electroweak
baryogenesis in a realistic two-Higgs-doublet model, comparing the
contributions from quarks and leptons reflecting from electroweak domain walls,
and comparing the exact profile of the CP-violating phase with a commonly used
ansatz. We note that the phenomenon of spontaneous CP violation at high
temperature can occur in this model, even when there is no CP violation at zero
temperature. We include all known effects which are likely to influence the
baryon production rate, including strong sphalerons, the nontrivial dispersion
relations of the quasiparticles in the plasma, and Debye screening of gauged
charges. We confirm the claim of Joyce, Prokopec and Turok that the reflection
of tau leptons from the wall gives the dominant effect. We conclude that this
mechanism is marginally strong enough to produce the observed baryon asymmetry
of the universe.Comment: 49 pp. latex, 6 figures; section on diffusion expanded and corrected,
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[Unsegmented continuous-flow sample processing and electrochemical detection of gaseous species]
Goals were a continuous-flow, unsegmented, all-gas carrier and/or a segmented liquid/gas interface system for sample introduction and transport to detection/determination point; a regenerable electrode probe base on redox reactions of Fe(II) and Fe(III) complexes with 1, 10-phenanthroline and related ligands; and amperometric/coulometric current measurements providing analyte signals. Gases to be detected included NO[sub x] and SO[sub 2]. This report is divided into 3 parts: preparation of new ligands of 1,10-phenanthroline family; glassy carbon surfaces coated with polymeric films prepared from monomeric units of tris[5-amino-1,10-phenanthroline]iron(II); and sulfite oxidase/hexacyanoferrate modified C paste electrode
Baryon Asymmetry of the Universe in the Standard Model
We study the interactions of quarks and antiquarks with the changing Higgs
field during the electroweak phase transition, including quantum mechanical and
some thermal effects, with the only source of CP violation being the known CKM
phase. The magnitude and sign of the predicted BAU agrees with the observed
value, with moderately optimistic assumptions about the dynamics of the phase
transition. At present uncertainties related to the dynamics of the ew phase
transition and the oversimplifications of our treatment are too great to decide
whether or not this is the correct explanation for the presence of remnant
matter in our universe, however the present work makes it clear that the
minimal standard model cannot be discounted as a contender for explaining this
phenomenon.Comment: 121pp plus 14 figures, CERN-TH.6734/93 and RU-93-11. latex. This is
an extended version of the preprint originally issued in May, 1993. It
corrects some typographical errors and has been somewhat reorganized (e.g.,
moving more to the appendices) and elaborated (especially the section on
analytic results) in order to make it more readily understandable. In
addition we include two effects which were previously neglected: mixing
due to QCD sphalerons, and a diminution of the electroweak gauge and Higgs
effects in the broken phase due to mass corrections in the 1-loop
approximation to th