Поиск потенциальных биомаркеров хронических дерматозов с помощью протеомного анализа

The review covers the key achievements of proteome studies using mass spectrometry and two-dimensional electrophoresis methods in the field of dermatology Works studying the most prevalent chronic dermatoses such as psoriasis, atopic dermatitis, acne vulgaris and mycosis fungoidea are examined. Proteome analysis in dermatology is a promising technique today because it makes it possible to study molecular pathogenic mechanisms of skin chronic diseases in a greater detail. In addition, proteome technologies are aimed at searching for potential disease biomarkers and targets for drugs.В обзоре освещены основные достижения протеомных исследований с применением методов масс-спектрометрии и двумерного электрофореза в области дерматологии. Рассматриваются работы по изучению наиболее распространенных хронических дерматозов, таких как псориаз, атопический дерматит, вульгарные угри и грибовидный микоз. На сегодняшний день протеомный анализ в дерматологии является перспективным направлением, так как позволяет расширить знания о молекулярных механизмах патогенеза хронических заболеваний кожи. Кроме того, протеомные технологии направлены на поиск потенциальных биомаркеров заболеваний и мишеней для воздействия лекарственных средств

Survivorship of Anopheles darlingi (Diptera: Culicidae) in Relation with Malaria Incidence in the Brazilian Amazon

We performed a longitudinal study of adult survival of Anopheles darlingi, the most important vector in the Amazon, in a malarigenous frontier zone of Brazil. Survival rates were determined from both parous rates and multiparous dissections. Anopheles darlingi human biting rates, daily survival rates and expectation of life where higher in the dry season, as compared to the rainy season, and were correlated with malaria incidence. The biting density of mosquitoes that had survived long enough for completing at least one sporogonic cycle was related with the number of malaria cases by linear regression. Survival rates were the limiting factor explaining longitudinal variations in Plasmodium vivax malaria incidence and the association between adult mosquito survival and malaria was statistically significant by logistic regression (P<0.05). Survival rates were better correlated with malaria incidence than adult mosquito biting density. Mathematical modeling showed that P. falciparum and P. malariae were more vulnerable to changes in mosquito survival rates because of longer sporogonic cycle duration, as compared to P. vivax, which could account for the low prevalence of the former parasites observed in the study area. Population modeling also showed that the observed decreases in human biting rates in the wet season could be entirely explained by decreases in survival rates, suggesting that decreased breeding did not occur in the wet season, at the sites where adult mosquitoes were collected. For the first time in the literature, multivariate methods detected a statistically significant inverse relation (P<0.05) between the number of rainy days per month and daily survival rates, suggesting that rainfall may cause adult mortality

Rethinking the extrinsic incubation period of malaria parasites

The time it takes for malaria parasites to develop within a mosquito, and become transmissible, is known as the extrinsic incubation period, or EIP. EIP is a key parameter influencing transmission intensity as it combines with mosquito mortality rate and competence to determine the number of mosquitoes that ultimately become infectious. In spite of its epidemiological significance, data on EIP are scant. Current approaches to estimate EIP are largely based on temperature-dependent models developed from data collected on parasite development within a single mosquito species in the 1930s. These models assume that the only factor affecting EIP is mean environmental temperature. Here, we review evidence to suggest that in addition to mean temperature, EIP is likely influenced by genetic diversity of the vector, diversity of the parasite, and variation in a range of biotic and abiotic factors that affect mosquito condition. We further demonstrate that the classic approach of measuring EIP as the time at which mosquitoes first become infectious likely misrepresents EIP for a mosquito population. We argue for a better understanding of EIP to improve models of transmission, refine predictions of the possible impacts of climate change, and determine the potential evolutionary responses of malaria parasites to current and future mosquito control tools

Resection for Chronic Hepatic Abscess due to Infected Embolization Coils After Liver Injury.

Liver injuries after blunt abdominal trauma are very common. Non-operative approaches to management are now the standard of care for many patients with up to and including grade V liver injuries. However, the long-term complications associated with coil embolization can be challenging to manage. We present the case of a 29-year-old male who presented with a chronic liver abscess which contained the coils following embolization of a grade IV liver injury and the subsequent transhepatic embolization of the pseudoaneurysm. In addition, the patient developed a fistula draining the abscess through the previously placed drain site that traversed the diaphragm. A multidisciplinary discussion was held between trauma surgery, hepatobiliary surgery, thoracic surgery, and interventional radiology to discuss the best treatment plan. The patient subsequently underwent liver resection, fistula tract resection, and diaphragm repair. This case presents a definitive management strategy for these complex patients