Les vocabulaires scientifiques et techniques

Trois thèmes sont traités : d’abord la définition des termes scientifiques et techniques (qui associe perspective sémiotique et discursive) ; puis leurs propriétés morpho-sémantiques et sémantico-discursives (dont l’examen conduit à dégager un vocabulaire spécialisé distinct des termes) ; enfin, leur fonctionnement discursif (des discours spécialisés et des terminologies aux discours vulgarisateurs, et à la publicité). La conclusion privilégie une approche socio-linguistique des termes.Three topics will be discussed : the definition of scientific and technical terminology examined from a discoursal and semiotic perspective ; the examination of the morpho-semantic, semantic and discoursal properties of scientific and technical terminology — this leads to the elaboration of a specialized vocabulary distinct from the list of terms analyzed ; the use of scientific and technical terminology in discourse, from scientific discourse to more mundane discourse, popularization. The conclusion opts for a sociolinguistic approach to terminology

Variations sur langage et métalangage

Bien des énoncés supportent une double interprétation, mondaine et métalinguistique, intriquées. L’opposition entre métalangage et langage mondain conduit donc moins à une bipartition des discours qu’à leur échelonnement en fonction de leur densité métalinguistique.A double interpretation, metalinguistic and ordinary, insetled, applies to many linguistic sequences. From the opposition between metalanguage and ordinary language, we can investigate some discourse's classification, based on metalinguistic density, and not bipartition

Ephémérité est-il français ?

Quel enseignant ne s’est pas un jour posé la question de savoir s’il devait accepter ou sanctionner l’occurrence, dans une production d’élève, d’un mot « nouveau » ou « rare », tel « éphémérité »… Un tel mot est « bien formé », son emploi dans la phrase est conforme aux règles de la morphosyntaxe, et vaut bien l’équivalent incontestable « caractère éphémère ». Mais il est absent « du dictionnaire »… La question revient à savoir ce que « français » veut dire ici : conforme à certains usages, o..

Termes et locuteurs

Fr Les termes constituent-ils une catégorie particulière de mots ? D’une part, l’observation de l’expérience courante des locuteurs, et du traitement des termes dans les dictionnaires de langue généraux ne conduit pas à faire d’eux une catégorie homogène de mots, distincts du reste du vocabulaire. D’autre part, si l’on se tourne vers un usage et une représentation spécialisés des termes, ceux-ci semblent au contraire s’opposer par leur fonctionnement discursif au reste du vocabulaire. On en conclut que le statut des termes relève d’approches sociolinguistiques, leur statut lexical n’étant pas fondamentalement différent de celui des autres lexèmes.Are the terms a special word’s class ? First, we can observe speaker’s usual experiences, and term’s representations in general dictionaries ; so terms are not word’s homogen class, separate from other words. Secondly, we can observe term’s specialised uses and representations ; so terms appears different from other words. Consequently, their lexical status is not different from other lexems, but their difference is sociolinguistical

Herpesvirus-Associated Acute Urticaria: An Age Matched Case-Control Study

Background Acute and recurrent acute urticaria are often associated with multiple factors including infections and recent data suggest a role for herpesviruses. Objective To test the null hypothesis, that is, there is no association of herpesvirus infections with urticaria. Methods Thirty-seven patients between one month and 15 years of age were age matched to 37 controls who were healthy or had mild acute respiratory infections but without urticaria. Patients and controls were followed for 1 to 6 years. Diagnostic studies included DNA detection by real-time PCR for herpes simplex virus (HSV) types 1 and 2, Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), cytomegalovirus (CMV) and human herpesvirus-6 (HHV-6). Tests for other infections included adenovirus, parvovirus B 19, respiratory syncytial virus, influenza A, Group A streptococci, rotavirus, and parasites. Results Specific infections were diagnosed in 26 of 37 cases and among 9 of 37 control children (P=0.0002). Single or concomitant herpesvirus infections occurred in 24 cases and in 4 controls (65% vs 11 %, p=0.0003). Cases had 10 HHV-6 infections, 8 CMV infections, 5 EBV infections, and 4 HSV-1 infections. Conclusion Herpesvirus infections are associated with acute or recurrent acute urticaria

Urticaria and infections

Urticaria is a group of diseases that share a distinct skin reaction pattern. Triggering of urticaria by infections has been discussed for many years but the exact role and pathogenesis of mast cell activation by infectious processes is unclear. In spontaneous acute urticaria there is no doubt for a causal relationship to infections and all chronic urticaria must have started as acute. Whereas in physical or distinct urticaria subtypes the evidence for infections is sparse, remission of annoying spontaneous chronic urticaria has been reported after successful treatment of persistent infections. Current summarizing available studies that evaluated the course of the chronic urticaria after proven Helicobacter eradication demonstrate a statistically significant benefit compared to untreated patients or Helicobacter-negative controls without urticaria (p < 0.001). Since infections can be easily treated some diagnostic procedures should be included in the routine work-up, especially the search for Helicobacter pylori. This review will update the reader regarding the role of infections in different urticaria subtypes

Diagnosis and treatment of urticaria and angioedema: a worldwide perspective

Urticaria and angioedema are common clinical conditions representing a major concern for physicians and patients alike. The World Allergy Organization (WAO), recognizing the importance of these diseases, has contributed to previous guidelines for the diagnosis and management of urticaria. The Scientific and Clinical Issues Council of WAO proposed the development of this global Position Paper to further enhance the clinical management of these disorders through the participation of renowned experts from all WAO regions of the world. Sections on definition and classification, prevalence, etiology and pathogenesis, diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis are based on the best scientific evidence presently available. Additional sections devoted to urticaria and angioedema in children and pregnant women, quality of life and patient-reported outcomes, and physical urticarias have been incorporated into this document. It is expected that this article will supplement recent international guidelines with the contribution of an expert panel designated by the WAO, increasing awareness of the importance of urticaria and angioedema in medical practice and will become a useful source of information for optimum patient management worldwide

Herrmann (Léon). Sénèque et les premiers chrétiens

Mortureux B. Herrmann (Léon). Sénèque et les premiers chrétiens. In: Revue belge de philologie et d'histoire, tome 58, fasc. 3, 1980. Langues et littératures modernes — Moderne taal- en letterkunde. pp. 669-670

Présentation

Mortureux Marie-Françoise. Présentation. In: Langue française, n°53, 1982. La vulgarisation, sous la direction de Marie-Françoise Mortureux. pp. 3-6

Alain Michel, La philosophie politique à Rome d'Auguste à Marc-Aurèle

Mortureux Bernard. Alain Michel, La philosophie politique à Rome d'Auguste à Marc-Aurèle. In: Bulletin de l'Association Guillaume Budé, n°1, mars 1970. pp. 206-207