Modeling by order reducing the load angle of a three-phase synchronous generator and designing an AOA-PID controller to control the load angle

One of the important factors that are always discussed in the study of power systems is the issue of power system stability. In this paper, the load angle control of a three-phase synchronous steam power plant generator is presented by overcoming the load angle fluctuations in both transient and permanent system conditions and expanding the range of stable generator performance. First, the equations of the linear state space of the steam power plant around the operating point are extracted. Then, based on Hankel single values, the model is approximated to the 6th order and based on that, a proportional, derivative, and integral controller for the load angle is presented. Then, using the arithmetic optimization algorithm, the controller coefficients are adjusted with two approaches reducing the settling time and reducing the overshoot of the step response. The stability of the proposed controller output power was also used using the stability criteria Bode and Nyquist was examined. The simulation results show that the arithmetic optimization algorithm has a better performance in controlling the load angle of the three-phase synchronous generator than the fuzzy controller and genetic and harris hawks algorithms. For example, in comparison with the genetic algorithm, the output power has good stability, and the rise time, settling time and the amount of overshoot in the step response of the proposed algorithm is reduced by 82.97, 82, and 40.18%, respectively

Felony Murder Rule in Common Law

Abstract Recurring problem in criminal law is the breadth of coverage to be given the felony murder rule. At common law a death occurring in the course of a felony was chargeable to the felon as murder. Constricted variations of that rule have now been adopted by statute or through judicial construction in most jurisdictions. Enmund v. Florida (1982) and Tison v. Arizona (1987

The Scientific Output of Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Iran, in Web of Science

Background & Objective: Publishing in journals indexed in well-known indexes is the best way to present an article internationally. It also illustrates the contribution of scholars to the advancement of knowledge in the world. This study aimed to investigate the scientific output of Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Iran, in Web of Science (WOS) during 2004 to 2013. Methods: This applied research uses scientometrics and citation methods to investigate the scientific publications of Kerman University of Medical Sciences during 2004-2013. The data were gathered from Web of Science. Results: During this time period, researchers at Kerman University of Medical Sciences had published 1053 documents in WOS. Most of the documents were in article format. The growth rate of scientific contribution was 70% and the university’s H-index was 30. The papers’ distribution followed the Lotka’s law. In total, the papers had received 4619 citations. Only 2.47% of papers were written by one author. The studied researchers had the most collaboration with Tehran University of Medical Sciences among Iranian universities and the University of Amsterdam among foreign universities. The fields pharmacy and pharmacology had produced the most papers. Conclusion: The results indicated a growing trend in publications and high rates of scientific collaboration by Kerman University of Medical Sciences. It is suggested that different departments follow the experience of departments with the most productivity in order to increase their output. In this way all departments will contribute to the university’s scientific output. Moroever, new policies should be considered to increase the citation rate. Key Words: Science production, Web of Science (WOS), Citation, Document, Scientometrics, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, H-inde

Dietary patterns derived using principal component analysis and associations with sociodemographic characteristics and overweight and obesity: A cross-sectional analysis of Iranian adults

IntroductionThis study examined the cross-sectional association between household dietary patterns and sociodemographic characteristics and BMI in a nationally representative sample of Iranian adults.MethodsData on 6,833 households (n = 17,824 adults) from the National Comprehensive Study on Household Food Consumption Pattern and Nutritional Status 2001–2003 were used. Principal component analysis (PCA) was used to extract dietary patterns from three household 24-h dietary recalls. Linear regression analyses were used to examine associations between dietary patterns and sociodemographic characteristics and BMI.ResultsThree dietary patterns were identified: the first was characterized by high citrus fruit intake, the second by high hydrogenated fats intake and the third by high non-leafy vegetables intake. The first and third patterns were associated with household heads with higher education and living in urban areas, while the second was associated with household heads with lower education and living in rural areas. All dietary patterns were positively associated with BMI. The strongest association was found with the first dietary pattern (β: 0.49, 95% CI: 0.43, 0.55).DiscussionWhile all three dietary patterns were positively associated with BMI, the sociodemographic characteristics of Iranian adults who consumed them differed. These findings inform the design of population-level dietary interventions to address rising obesity rates in Iran

Digitalization in food supply chains: A bibliometric review and key-route main path analysis

Technological advances such as blockchain, artificial intelligence, big data, social media, and geographic information systems represent a building block of the digital transformation that supports the resilience of the food supply chain (FSC) and increases its efficiency. This paper reviews the literature surrounding digitalization in FSCs. A bibliometric and key-route main path analysis was carried out to objectively and analytically uncover the knowledge development in digitalization within the context of sustainable FSCs. The research began with the selection of 2140 articles published over nearly five decades. Then, the articles were examined according to several bibliometric metrics such as year of publication, countries, institutions, sources, authors, and keywords frequency. A keyword co-occurrence network was generated to cluster the relevant literature. Findings of the review and bibliometric analysis indicate that research at the intersection of technology and the FSC has gained substantial interest from scholars. On the basis of keyword co-occurrence network, the literature is focused on the role of information communication technology for agriculture and food security, food waste and circular economy, and the merge of the Internet of Things and blockchain in the FSC. The analysis of the key-route main path uncovers three critical periods marking the development of technology-enabled FSCs. The study offers scholars a better understanding of digitalization within the agri-food industry and the current knowledge gaps for future research. Practitioners may find the review useful to remain ahead of the latest discussions of technologyenabled FSCs. To the authors’ best knowledge, the current study is one of the few endeavors to explore technology-enabled FSCs using a comprehensive sample of journal articles published during the past five decades

Effect of flipped classroom on medical students’ semiology knowledge and skills

Introduction: Flipped classrooms make learners eager to learn actively. it is based on learner-based and active learning methods. The flipped classroom is an educational strategy and a kind of hybrid learning that turns education into a learner-based model in which the class time is spent exploring topics and creating engaging learning opportunities. Methods: During an interventional quasi-experimental research, 90 medical students entered the study. The intervention and control group received flipped classroom and traditional education, respectively. The knowledge and skills of the participants were assessed by a standard checklist approved by the Ministry of Health. Data analysis was done by analytical statistical test after data collection. Results: the mean score of students’ knowledge in performing adult examination, obtaining medical history, and pediatric examinations in all three areas between the two groups after the intervention and two months later was statistically significant (P<0.001). there was a statistically significant difference between the mean scores of students’ skills in performing adult examinations in all three areas (P≤0.001) so that the mean skill score of adult examinations was higher in the intervention group than the control group. there was a statistically significant difference between the mean scores of students’ skills in obtaining medical history (P≤0.001) so that the mean skill score of obtaining medical history was higher in the intervention group than the control group. Also, there was a statistically significant difference between the mean scores of students’ skills in performing pediatric examinations (P≤0.001) so that the mean skill score of pediatric examinations was higher in the intervention group than the control group. Conclusion: Flipped classroom increases knowledge, improves skills in instructing practical semiotics to medical students of physiopathology grade

A comparison of diet quality indices in a nationally representative cross-sectional study of Iranian households

Background: Iranian diet quality has been evaluated using indices that have not been created based on Iranian dietary guidelines. This study aimed to examine the applicability of two diet quality indices by examining their associations with nutrient adequacy, nutrient intakes and sociodemographics. Methods: Dietary data were collected using three 24-h dietary recalls from Iranian households. Nutrient adequacy was assessed using World Health Organization/Food and Agriculture Organization 2002 (WHO/FAO) cut points. Household diet quality was calculated using the Healthy Eating Index (HEI) and Diet Quality Index-International (DQI-I). Sociodemographics of the household members were assessed. Regression analyses were used to examine associations between diet quality and nutrient adequacy, and between sociodemographics and diet quality. Results: A total of 6935 households were included in the analysis. Higher household diet quality was associated with adequate intake of calcium (HEI: OR 1.11, 95% CI: 1.10, 1.13; DQI-I: OR 1.14, 95% CI: 1.13, 1.16), vitamin C (HEI: OR 1.19, 95% CI: 1.17, 1.20; DQI-I: OR 1.12, 95% CI: 1.11, 1.12) and protein (HEI: OR 1.01, 95% CI: 1.00, 1.02; DQI-I: OR 1.09, 95% CI: 1.08, 1.09). Higher household diet quality was associated with household heads who were older (&gt;&thinsp;56&thinsp;years old) (HEI: &beta; 2.06, 95% CI: 1.63, 2.50; DQI-I &beta; 2.90, 95% CI: 2.34, 3.45), higher educated (college/university completed) (HEI: &beta; 4.54, 95% CI: 4.02, 5.06; DQI-I: &beta; 2.11, 95% CI: 1.45, 2.77) and living in urban areas (HEI: &beta; 2.85, 95% CI: 2.54, 3.16; DQI-I: &beta; 0.72, 95% CI: 0.32, 1.12). Conclusions: Based on associations with nutrient adequacy and sociodemographics, the applicability of two diet quality indices for assessing the diet quality of Iranian households was demonstrated. Results also indicated DQI-I may be more applicable than HEI for evaluating Iranian nutrient adequacy. Findings have implications for the design and assessment of diet quality in Iranian populations. Future research should examine the link between these diet quality indices and health outcomes

Mothers' views and beliefs about the role of complementary feeding in children under the age of two in Damavand: a qualitative study.

Background: Inappropriate feeding is one of the major causes of malnutrition in children. This study was carried out to get an insight into mothers’ views and beliefs about the role of complementary feeding in children under the age of two. Materials and Methods: In this qualitative study, data were collected through 11 focus-group discussions (FGDs) with mothers, who had children under the age of two, in urban and rural areas of Damavand in 2007. Each FGD was held in the presence of a moderator, two note takers, and an observer. At the end of field work, all notes were collected and coded according to the objectives of the study. Then the subgroups for each objective were obtained, and emerging themes were extracted and reported. Results: In the study, six general themes were identified:(1) The mothers viewed complementary feeding as simple, soft, light foods which are especially made for children; (2) the best time for introducing complementary feeding was 6 months of age; (3) there were no complementary local foods in Damavand; (4) for children under the age of one, a different type of food was separately prepared; (5) home-made complementary food was preferred over the ready made type, and (6) children were fed with table food from the first year of life. Conclusion: Despite their sufficient knowledge about the advantages of complementary feeding, the majority of mothers, due to some socio-cultural limitations, had a weak performance. In this regard, in addition to making revisions in current training programs and protocols, providing effective and goal-oriented educational programs for mothers and others who take care of children is strongly recommended