Leukocytes Differentiation of Pangasius Hypopthalmus That Were Feed with Curcumin Extract From Curcuma Domestica V

This research was conducted on June until August 2016 in Parasites and Fish Diseases Laboratory, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine science, University of Riau, Pekanbaru. The aim of this research was to determine leucocyte differentiation of Pangasius hypopthalmus that were feed with curcumin extract from Curcuma domestica V. This research used five treatment such as; Kn (negative control): that were feed without curcumin extract and were not infected with A. hydrophila, Kp (positive control): that were feed without curcumin extract and infected with A. hydrophila, P1: feed with curcumin extract in 0,3g/kg, P2: feed with curcumin extract in 0,5g/kg and P3: feed with curcumin extract in 0,7 g/kg. Fish reared in an aquarium the size of 40x30x30 cm with stocking density 10 fish / aquarium, feeding as many as 10% of body weight and do 3 times a day. Pisciculture carried out for 30 days and after that fish infected with Aeromonas hydrophila. The results shown that P3 (feed with curcumin extract in 0,7 g/kg) were the best treatment with lymphocytes 83,00%; monocytes 5.33%; neutrophils 3,67%; thrombocyte 8.00%; total leukocytes 12,01x104 cell/mm3; and fagocyte index 58,33

Effectiveness of Triploidization on Ingir-ingir (Mystus Nigriceps) with Different Fertilization and Heat Shock

This research was conducted in August until November 2015 in the Fish Hatchery and Breeding Laboratory, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, University of Riau, Pekanbaru. This research was aimed to know the triploidization effectiveness in fertilized egg of ingir-ingir larvae (Mystus nemurus) with different fertilization and heat shock. The method used in this research was the experimental method; 2 factors, 10 treatments and 3 replications. Fresh eggs and milt were fertilization, then 1, 2 and 3 minutes after fertilization zygotes were shocked by heat shock 400C for 1, 2 and 3 minutes. The treatments were, P0K0 (as control), P1K1, P1K2, P1K3, P2K1, P2K2, P2K3, P3K1, P3K2, P3K3. The result shown that the best results in treatment Fertilization Rate (P3K1=31,06%), Hatching Rate (P2K1=65,74%), Survival Rate of 4 days and Survival Rate of 21 days (P3K3=71,82% and 41,67%), the length and width of a red blood cell were (0.192 mm and 0.123 mm)

Efficacy of imagery rescripting and imaginal exposure for nightmares:A randomized wait-list controlled trial

Nightmares can be effectively treated with cognitive-behavioral therapies. Though it remains elusive which therapeutic elements are responsible for the beneficial effects on nightmare symptoms, imagery rescripting (IR) and imaginal exposure (IE) are commonly identified as active treatment components of nightmare therapies. With this randomized controlled trial, we compared IR and IE as individual treatments to a wait-list (WL) condition to determine whether these particular therapeutic elements ameliorate nightmare symptoms. For this purpose, 104 patients with a primary DSM-5 diagnosis of nightmare disorder were randomly assigned to three weekly individual sessions of either IR or IE, or WL. Results showed that compared to WL, both interventions effectively reduced nightmare frequency (ΔdIR-WL = 0.74; ΔdIE-WL = 0.70) and distress (ΔdIR-WL = 0.98; ΔdIE-WL = 1.35) in a sample that predominantly consisted of idiopathic nightmare sufferers. The effects of IR and IE were comparable to those observed for other psychological nightmare treatments. Initial effects at post-treatment were sustained at 3- and 6-months follow-up, indicating that IR and IE both seem to be efficacious treatment components of nightmare therapies. Additional research is needed to directly compare IR and IE among both idiographic and posttraumatic nightmare sufferers with respect to treatment expectancy, acceptability, and effectiveness

The impact of childhood maltreatment on the severity of childhood-related posttraumatic stress disorder in adults

Background:  Childhood maltreatment is relatively common and is related to a range of negative consequences, such as Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD). There are indications that various maltreatment types are related to PTSD severity, although not all types, such as emotional abuse, meet the PTSD Criterion-A.  Objective:  The aim of the present study was to examine the relationship between 5 types of childhood maltreatment (i.e., sexual, physical, and emotional abuse, and physical and emotional neglect) and the severity of adult PTSD and PTSD symptoms. Participants and setting: Adult participants (N = 147) with Childhood-related PTSD (Ch-PTSD) recruited from clinical sites completed the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire-short form (CTQ-sf) and 2 PTSD measures: The Clinician Administered PTSD Scale for DSM-5 (CAPS-5) and the PTSD Checklist for DSM-5 (PCL-5).  Methods:  Childhood maltreatment predictors and 2 covariates, age and gender, were analysed in multivariate multilevel models as participants were nested within sites. A model selection procedure, in which all combinations of predictors were examined, was used to select a final set of predictors.  Results:  The results indicated that emotional abuse was the only trauma type that was significantly related to severity of PTSD and to the severity of specific PTSD symptom clusters (r between 0.130 and 0.338). The final models explained between 6.5% and 16.7% of the variance in PTSD severity.  Conclusions:  The findings suggest that emotional abuse plays a more important role in Ch-PTSD than hitherto assumed, and that treatment should not neglect processing of childhood emotional abuse