The Preservation of the Solar Potential in Cities of Hispanic Trace : Analysis of the Current Situation, and Future Potential in Urban Areas of Argentina

To achieve urban sustainability, the access to solar radiation must be a guaranteed right in the cities. There is an urgent need to review designs, patterns and constructive technologies to obtain energy efficient buildings providing thermal and lighting comfort for their occupants through the maximum utilization of available renewable resources of energy. Although solar radiation is one of the most valuable resources of clean and renewable energy, the access to the same seldom constitutes a social right. When analyzing the viability of a bioclimatic design in a new building or in the recycling of an existing one, it is fundamental to know what the solar available potential is, especially in urban consolidated areas where the characteristics of the structure significantly determine the access and availability of the resources. This problem is present in all Latin American cities, emerging from a Spanish colonial grid layout. In order to reverse this tendency, it is necessary to ensure the future free utilization of solar power destined for central and water heating in urban surroundings regardless of their densities. However, the reality indicates that the legal existing frame in many countries of Latin America does not consider the renewable resources as appropriable. This paper presents the evaluation of the impact of regulations in medium scale Argentine cities, in relation to the solar potential of buildings located in consolidated areas. If the present patterns continue, the application of rules orientated toward the utilization of solar resources, will be viable only with great difficulty.Facultad de Arquitectura y Urbanism

Modelo analítico para sistema de descarga de calor en techos

En el presente trabajo, se propone un modelo analítico que describe el comportamiento térmico de un sistema de descarga de calor en techo. Para validarlo, se empleó un prototipo experimental al cual se le realizó una prueba con exposición al sol y se comparó los resultados medidos con los calculados por un modelo analítico propuesto por lo autores. Se encontró variaciones de error entre los datos tomados en la prueba experimental y en el modelo analítico de 6.5 ºC como máximo para la placa de aluminio (o almacenadora de calor) y de 4.6 ºC como máximo para la temperatura en la superficie del vidrio. Se considera que el modelo analítico propuesto puede ser empleado para conocer el comportamiento de un sistema de descarga de calor en techos definiendo las dimensiones del sistema para las condiciones ambientales del lugar donde se va a utilizar.Fil: Hernández G., Víctor. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México; MéxicoFil: Fernández Z., José. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México; MéxicoFil: Morillón Galvez, David. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México; MéxicoFil: Mesa, Nestor Alejandro. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mendoza. Instituto de Ciencias Humanas, Sociales y Ambientales; Argentin

Energy Diagnosis of University Buildings: Renewable Energy Institute from UNAM

The purpose of this study has been to conduct an energy diagnosis research of the third level. An energy diagnosis is a tool aimed to seek improvements related to measures of energy efficiency and saving, and environmental conservation as well. These improvements would prove to be relevant for any kind of building. The diagnosis was carried out in 36 university buildings (Renewable Energy Institute—REI) through survey and census; that in order (to identify and) to characterize current patterns of energy consumption and demand, as well as for generating specific strategies towards energy efficiency and saving, for instance the identification of systemic indicators and corrective proposals, and non-financial investment. The results promote the achievement of grand energy efficiency. The task on energy conservation entails the supporting participation of each person who either studies or works in the entity, whereas some other activities require economic stimulus for being implemented. Annual per capita energy consumption in the REI is 40 kWh/person: that is greater than the country’s average consumption rate. The main energy consumption corresponds to Building 3.1 (49% of total energy consumption). This is due to its large concentration of laboratories specialized in renewable energy research and innovation