2,891 research outputs found
The impact of racism upon the health and wellbeing of young Australians
The Institute for Citizenship and Globalisation at Deakin University has worked in partnership with the Foundation for Young Australians to conduct this research project into the impact of racism upon the health and wellbeing of young Australians. The research has been carried out in eighteen Australian secondary schools in Victoria, New South Wales, Northern Territory and Queensland. Students aged 15-18 were surveyed and interviewed in both the government and Catholic education systems in order to ascertain the experience of racism and racist behaviours among Australian youth and their impact on health and wellbeing. The scope of the research brief included the nature of the racist experience, its setting, the individual and institutional responses and its reporting. The research also aimed to examine the impact of the experience of racism upon the health and wellbeing of Australian youth. A glossary of terms is included in Appendix 1 to assist with the reading of this Report.<br /
Contemporary reproductive outcomes for patients with polycystic ovary syndrome: a retrospective observational study
Context Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the commonest cause of anovulatory infertility
and may be associated with adverse pregnancy and neonatal outcomes. However, it is
difficult to establish how much of this risk is due to PCOS and how much to obesity.
Objective
To determine the impact of PCOS upon fertility, pregnancy and neonatal outcomes.
Design and setting
Data were extracted from the Clinical Practice Research Datalink (CPRD), a longitudinal
anonymized primary care research database in the UK. Patients with a diagnosis of PCOS
were matched to controls (1:2) by age (+/-1 year), BMI (+/- 3 units) and CPRD practice.
Standardised fertility ratios (SFR) before and after diagnosis (index date) were calculated.
Rates of miscarriage, pre-eclampsia, gestational diabetes, premature delivery, delivery
method and neonatal outcomes were compared.
Results
9,068 women with PCOS matched study criteria. Prior to index date the SFR for patients
with PCOS was 0.80 (95% CI 0.77-0.83); following index date it was 1.16 (1.12-1.20). The
adjusted odds ratios (OR) for miscarriage (1.70; 1.56-1.84), pre-eclampsia (1.32; 1.16-1.49),
gestational diabetes (1.41; 1.2-1.66) and premature delivery (1.25; 1.1-1.43) were all
increased compared to controls. Of PCOS births, 27.7% were by Caesarean section
compared with 23.7% of controls (1.13; 1.05-1.21). Infants born to mothers with PCOS had
an increased risk of neonatal jaundice (1.20; 1.03-1.39) and respiratory complications (1.20;
1.06-1.37).
Conclusions
PCOS is associated with subfertility but fertility rates are restored to those of the
background population following diagnosis. Pregnancy complications and adverse neonatal
outcomes are more prevalent for women with PCOS independently of obesity
Litter Use in an Aviary Laying Hen Housing System
Litter use by hens was investigated by recording the number of hens moving to and from the litter in an aviary housing system. Findings showed a difference in litter use between different times and pens. These findings are being contributed as one component of a comprehensive assessment of an aviary laying hen housing system
What were the processes and outcomes of offering shared reading as an intervention for veterans in prison?
Prospectus, November 8, 1978
SHOPLIFTING--A GROWING CRIME; Recital cancelled; Activities for the week; Registration still open for bridge tournament; Register by tomorrow for adult workshop; PC offers glass class; Everyone feels depression; Counseling center hosts transfer day; Shopping trip set for Dec. 2; PC players begin play; \u27Super Piano\u27 performs at PC; Shoplifting problem turns to part-time robbery; Bread warms audience in Halloween concert; Queen contest set for Dec. 15; NJCAA meet hosted by PC; PC students put their best pumpkin forward; Classifieds; DePree gives Karate exhibit; PC offers workshop; WPCD\u27s Top 15 for the Week of Nov. 6; State Tourney here we come!; Intramurals start this week; Illini team is promising; Fast Freddy Contest; Clarke wins Fast Freddy; PC finishes 3rd at Danvillehttps://spark.parkland.edu/prospectus_1978/1004/thumbnail.jp
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Can early change in eating disorder psychopathology predict outcome in guided self-help for binge eating?
Purpose: This study tests the value of a measure of eating disorder (ED) psychopathology in predicting outcome following guided self-help in a non-underweight sample with regular binge eating. It examines whether early reductions in ED psychopathology are associated with remission status at post-treatment.
Methods: Seventy-two adults with bulimia nervosa, binge-eating disorder, or an atypical form of these illnesses received up to ten sessions of cognitive behaviour therapy-based guided self-help. Using a session-by-session measure of eating pathology and associated reliable change indices, response was analysed using receiver operating characteristic analysis to predict outcomes at post-treatment.
Results: In this routine care setting, nearly one-quarter of the sample achieved remission following GSH, approximately two-thirds of whom showed early change in ED psychopathology. Early change prior to Session 6 was accurate in predicting later remission. Individuals showing early change did not differ from others on baseline characteristics or rates of attrition.
Conclusion: Data suggest that a majority of those who respond to treatment will do so before the second half of treatment, information that could be used to ensure that evidence-based treatments are used as effectively as possible
Healthcare resource utilization and related financial costs associated with glucose lowering with either exenatide or basal insulin: a retrospective cohort study
Aims
Type 2 diabetes is a major health problem placing increasing demands on healthcare systems. Our objective was to estimate healthcare resource use and related financial costs following treatment with exenatide‐based regimens prescribed as once‐weekly (EQW) or twice‐daily (EBID) formulations, compared with regimens based on basal insulin (BI).
Materials and methods
This retrospective cohort study used data from the UK Clinical Practice Research Datalink (CPRD) linked to Hospital Episode Statistics (HES). Patients with type 2 diabetes who received exenatide or BI between 2009 and 2014 as their first recorded exposure to injectable therapy were selected. Costs were attributed to primary care contacts, diabetes‐related prescriptions and inpatient admissions using standard UK healthcare costing methods (2014 prices). Frequency and costs were compared between cohorts before and after matching by propensity score using Poisson regression.
Results
Groups of 8723, 218 and 2180 patients receiving BI, EQW and EBID, respectively, were identified; 188 and 1486 patients receiving EQW and EBID, respectively, were matched 1:1 to patients receiving BI by propensity score. Among unmatched cohorts, total crude mean costs per patient‐year were £2765 for EQW, £2549 for EBID and £4080 for BI. Compared with BI, the adjusted annual cost ratio (aACR) was 0.92 (95% CI, 0.91‐0.92) for EQW and 0.82 (95% CI, 0.82‐0.82) for EBID. Corresponding costs for the propensity‐matched subgroups were £2646 vs £3283 (aACR, 0.80, 0.80‐0.81) for EQW vs BI and £2532 vs £3070 (aACR, 0.84, 0.84‐0.84) for EBID vs BI.
Conclusion
Overall, exenatide once‐weekly and twice‐daily‐based regimens were associated with reduced healthcare resource use and costs compared with basal‐insulin‐based regimens
The origin of green icebergs in Antarctica
A comparison of samples from a translucent green iceberg with a core from the Ronne Ice Shelf revealed an excellent agreement in isotopic composition, crystal structure, and incorporated sediment particles. Marine shelf ice which constitutes the basal portion of some ice shelves is considered to be the source of green icebergs. It most likely results from "ice pump" processes which produce large amounts of ice platelets in the water column beneath ice shelves. These subsequently accumulate and become compacted into bubble-free, desalinated ice. Iceberg and drift-buoy trajectories indicate that green icebergs observed in the Weddell Sea originate from the Amery Ice Shelf rather than from the Ronne Ice Shelf, although the latter ice shelf is also a potential source
Securing the legacy of TESS through the care and maintenance of TESS planet ephemerides
Much of the science from the exoplanets detected by the TESS mission relies
on precisely predicted transit times that are needed for many follow-up
characterization studies. We investigate ephemeris deterioration for simulated
TESS planets and find that the ephemerides of 81% of those will have expired
(i.e. 1 mid-transit time uncertainties greater than 30 minutes) one
year after their TESS observations. We verify these results using a sample of
TESS planet candidates as well. In particular, of the simulated planets that
would be recommended as JWST targets by Kempton et al. (2018), 80% will
have mid-transit time uncertainties 30 minutes by the earliest time JWST
would observe them. This rapid deterioration is driven primarily by the
relatively short time baseline of TESS observations. We describe strategies for
maintaining TESS ephemerides fresh through follow-up transit observations. We
find that the longer the baseline between the TESS and the follow-up
observations, the longer the ephemerides stay fresh, and that 51% of simulated
primary mission TESS planets will require space-based observations. The
recently-approved extension to the TESS mission will rescue the ephemerides of
most (though not all) primary mission planets, but the benefits of these new
observations can only be reaped two years after the primary mission
observations. Moreover, the ephemerides of most primary mission TESS planets
(as well as those newly discovered during the extended mission) will again have
expired by the time future facilities such as the ELTs, Ariel and the possible
LUVOIR/OST missions come online, unless maintenance follow-up observations are
obtained.Comment: 16 pages, 10 figures, accepted to AJ; main changes are cross-checking
results against the sample of real TOIs, and addressing the impact of the
TESS extended missio
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