The non-coding RNA landscape of plasma cell dyscrasias

Despite substantial advancements have been done in the understanding of the pathogenesis of plasma cell (PC) disorders, these malignancies remain hard-to-treat. The discovery and subsequent characterization of non-coding transcripts, which include several members with diverse length and mode of action, has unraveled novel mechanisms of gene expression regulation often malfunctioning in cancer. Increasing evidence indicates that such non-coding molecules also feature in the pathobiology of PC dyscrasias, where they are endowed with strong therapeutic and/or prognostic potential. In this review, we aim to summarize the most relevant findings on the biological and clinical features of the non-coding RNA landscape of malignant PCs, with major focus on multiple myeloma. The most relevant classes of non-coding RNAs will be examined, along with the mechanisms accounting for their dysregulation and the recent strategies used for their targeting in PC dyscrasias. It is hoped these insights may lead to clinical applications of non-coding RNA molecules as biomarkers or therapeutic targets/agents in the near future

Urbino, ou l’histoire des relations de coévolution entre un établissement humain et son milieu naturel

Dans le domaine de l’architecture le constat relatif à la finitude des ressources est relativement partagé et donne vie, dans les dernières années, à une multitude des débats et des pratiques, non sans ambiguïtés. En faisant l’hypothèse que repenser le rapport aux ressources de la Terre signifie repenser le rapport d’interdépendance entre action anthropique et milieu naturel, mais aussi saisir les conditions dont dépend l’interaction des dimensions matérielles et immatérielles de la notion de ressource, le présent article évoque l’histoire architecturale et urbaine de la ville d’Urbino, en Italie, ainsi que la pensée et l’œuvre des hommes qui ont marqué son évolution. Apparemment éloignée des préoccupations environnementales actuelles, cette histoire – et notamment les transformations urbaines réalisées au XVe et au XXe siècle – témoigne d’un processus de coévolution équilibré entre l’homme et son environnement et peut contribuer à réactualiser la façon de penser la transformation de l’établissement humain dans une perspective pérenne.In the field of architecture, the finiteness of resources is a generally accepted observation and, in recent years, has given rise to a multitude of debates and practices, albeit not without ambiguities. This article hypothesizes that rethinking the relationship to the Earth’s resources means both reevaluating the interdependence between anthropogenic action and the natural environment, as well as identifying the necessary conditions for the interaction of the material and immaterial dimensions of the notion of resource. It does so through a discussion of the architectural and urban history of the city of Urbino, Italy, as well as the reflections and actions of the people who have marked its development. Apparently far removed from current environmental concerns, this history – and in particular the urban transformation processes carried out in the 15th and 20th centuries – testifies to a process of coevolution balanced between humankind and their environment, and can help to revise ways of thinking about the transformation of human settlement from a sustainable perspective

Hepatic abscess caused by trans-gastric migration of a fishbone

Background Stomach or duodenal perforation due to foreign body are usually associated with the development of a walled-off abdominal mass or abscess, and are less prone to cause systemic signs of infection. Methods and Case presentation A 65-year-old man with no comorbidities was admitted for rapid onset of abdominal discomfort, fever, and chills. An abdominal computed tomography (CT) showed an 8 cm abscess in the left lobe of the liver. The lesion was aspirated under ultrasound guidance; cultures from the abscess grew Streptococcus constellatus. Chest CT scan, colonoscopy, esophagogastroduodenoscopy, and blood cultures were negative. The patient’s clinical status rapidly improved with antibiotic therapy, but a follow-up CT scan revealed the presence of a thin, 3 cm-long radiopaque object at the site of the previous abscess. A few months later, due to symptomatic cholelithiasis, the patient underwent elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy and concurrent removal of a 3 cm-long fishbone, which was embedded into the wall of the gastric antrum and the third segment of the liver, the latter which was partially resected. Results The small gastrotomy was reapproximated with a single resorbable stitch. The post-operative course was uneventful and at 6 month follow up, the patient was asymptomatic without evidence of residual abdominal pathology. Conclusions Asymptomatic perforation of the gastric wall by an ingested foreign body can occur and be subsequently complicated by a liver abscess. A contained perforation can be successfully managed conservatively

Axions and Anomaly-Mediated Interactions: The Green-Schwarz and Wess-Zumino Vertices at Higher Orders and g-2 of the muon

We present a study of the mechanism of anomaly cancellation using only transverse invariant amplitudes on anomaly diagrams at higher perturbative orders. The method is the realization of the Green-Schwarz (GS) mechanism at field theory level, which restores the Ward identities by a subtraction of the anomaly pole. Some of the properties of the GS vertex are analyzed both in the context of unitarity and of the organization of the related perturbative expansion. We investigate the role played by the GS and the Wess-Zumino vertices in the anomalous magnetic moment of the muon and in the hyperfine splitting of muonium, which are processes that can be accompanied by the exchange of a virtual anomalous extra Z-prime and an axion-like particle.Comment: 51 Pages, 31 Figures, Revised final version to appear on JHE

Failure to recognize preoperatively high-risk endometrial carcinoma is associated with a poor outcome

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