'Improper practices' in great war British cinemas

in Hammond, M and Williams, (Eds), British Silent Cinema and the Great War (2011), Palgrave Macmillan; reproduced with permission of Palgrave Macmillan. This extract is taken from the author's original manuscript and has not been edited. The definitive, published, version of record is available here: http://www.palgrave.com/products/title.aspx?pid=493370Analysis of the environment in which films were viewed is essential in order to gain a fuller understanding of the British cinema experience during the Great War. The exhibition context is of particular importance during the war years, as cinema going throughout this period was far from idyllic; in fact, British cinemas were subject to police scrutiny and were a hub of sexual activity that the government strove to suppress. Many critics have located the reports of these activities as part of a wider ‘moral panic’ regarding the cinema and the films exhibited within it, predominantly orchestrated by religious pressure groups and self-styled ‘moral crusaders’. Lise Shapiro Sanders likens this movement to similar campaigns in the nineteenth century, arguing that, like music halls previously, cinemas were subjected to ‘censorship and ideological control in an endeavour to distribute middle-class codes of social practice to the “lower” classes’. Yet this approach has often been based on the findings of a report by the National Council for Public Morals, with little investigation of the actual data supplied to the committee. Even accounts that have used some of this evidence position it as a minor component, exaggerated out of all proportion in order to satisfy the personal objectives of the moral purity campaigners.While there was a concerted effort throughout the Great War to highlight the perceived social ills of the cinema, I have attempted to present a more balanced account, which details the problems faced by cinemas during this period and the measures sought to improve them

Study of the Atlantic thermohaline circulation in a highly efficient global ocean-atmosphere model : final report for the project CLIVAR

[no abstract available

Rheological Properties of a Sodium Bentonite and Lactose Aqueous Dispersion

Aim of this paper is show the viscosity measure of a sodium bentonite-water-lactose mixture and your rheological behaviour. This analysis showed the formation of tridimensional structure type and formation of stratified silicate/lactose, this occurred due to different concentrations of organic products into mixture and due to a difference of rotation during viscosity measument. Formation of networks is a consequence of the attraction between the silicate layers in water-lactose mixture. In the present work aqueous solutions of lactose with concentration of 7%, 5%, 3%, 1% and 0% (wt %) were used

Influence of constitutive and induced volatiles from mature green coffee berries on the foraging behaviour of female coffee berry borer, Hypothenemus hampei (Ferrari) (Coleoptera: Curclionidae: Scolytinae)

The coffee berry borer, Hypothenemus hampei (Ferrari) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae), is currently a major threat to coffee crops around the world. Although some studies have identified host-derived volatile organic compounds as attractant semiochemicals for H. hampei, the chemical composition reported in the literature is quite variable and different individual compounds have been proposed to be attractive. Despite this variability, it seems likely that H. hampei utilizes complex volatile blends to locate suitable berry hosts for oviposition. Therefore, the aim of this work was to evaluate the influence of constitutive and H. hampei-infested volatiles, emitted by mature green berries of a Brazilian variety of coffee, Coffea arabica (IBC-Palma), on the foraging behaviour of H. hampei females. Chemical analysis of volatiles from mature green coffee berries showed a similar chemical profile compared to previous studies. The major compounds were limonene, (E)-ocimene, conophthorin, (E)- and (Z)-linalool oxide, linalool, (E)-4,8-dimethyl-1,3,7-nonatriene, methyl salicylate, geranylacetone, β-acoradiene, α-acoradiene, (E,E)-α-farnesene, (E,E)-4,8,12-trimethyl-1,3,7,11-tridecatetraene and α-pinene. The compounds (E,E)-α-farnesene, (E)-4,8-dimethyl-1,3,7-nonatriene, (E,E)-4,8,12-trimethyl-1,3,7,11-tridecatetraene, (E)-ocimene, α-copaene and conophthorin were produced in higher amounts in infested berries compared to non-infested berries. Four-arm olfactometer bioassays showed that H. hampei did not distinguish between volatiles emitted from mature green, mid-ripe and ripe coffee berries. In addition, Y-tube olfactometer bioassays showed that females responded to volatiles from non-infested and infested mature green berries, preferring constitutive over herbivore-induced volatiles. Furthermore, (E,E)-α-farnesene, (E)-4,8-dimethyl-1,3,7-nonatriene and (E,E)-4,8,12-trimethyl-1,3,7,11-tridecatetraene changed the foraging behaviour of H. hampei, by reducing the attractiveness of volatiles from non-infested berries

Advancing Tunnelling – the Victorian Engineering Management Legacy

The Victorians are often held up as giants in civil engineering, able to build, span and tunnel in ways that had never been seen before, and which still provide much of our contemporary infrastructure. Their legacy can be easily seen in the railway networks of Great Britain, which demanded some of the most difficult and challenging civil engineering ever seen. As a consequence of such endeavors, Victorian times also saw the emergence of the ‘celebrity’ engineer. Stellar figures who first experienced the shift away from technical and site-based practices and moved instead towards the management and leadership of construction works, a professional legacy that arguably remains today. Such figures also served to further anonymise the construction workers or Navvies, who were already working in dangerous and unhealthy conditions on projects where loss of life was felt to be inevitable. Unpacking Victorian railway tunneling operations duly acknowledges the spectacular feats of engineering we have inherited from them, but also reveals how their legacy has also contributed to the ways in which we mobilise tunneling operations today. It is argued that such contributions should be recognised and consciously re-balanced if we are take the next steps to improve tunneling operations within the profession of civil engineering today

Evidence-based management and intervention for autism spectrum disorders

info:eu-repo/semantics/publishe