Utilización de códigos QR en el aprendizaje del sistema endocrino mediante trabajo en grupo y presentación en vídeo

SIN FINANCIACIÓNNo data 201

Outbreak of Acinetobacter baumannii producing OXA-66 in a Spanish hospital: epidemiology and study of patient movements

We describe an outbreak of multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii producing OXA-66 carbapenemase and resistant to imipenem. We analyze the relationship between the spread of this strain and patient movements within the hospital. Thirty-one isolates of A. baumannii recovered from December 21, 2006, to February 18, 2007, were studied. Enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus PCR and randomly amplified polymorphic DNA genotyping methods were used to define clusters of clonally related isolates. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis was used to confirm the results and to check the maintenance of the epidemic strain over the following year. Antibiotic susceptibility testing was performed by microdilution and E-test. The isolates were screened by PCR analysis with primers specific for carbapenemase genes. With the exception of colistin (0%) there were no antibiotics with good activity against these isolates. The epidemiology study revealed that the same strain was responsible for all the infections. This strain appeared to carry the bla(OXA-66) gene. ISAba1 was present upstream the oxacillinase gene. The clone responsible for the outbreak is still present in hospital.1.936 JCR (2010) Q3, 43/58 Infectious diseases, 67/107 Microbiology, 143/252 Pharmacology & pharmac

In vitro activity of tedizolid (TR-700) against linezolid-resistant staphylococci

Objectives: To compare the activity of tedizolid (formally known as torezolid and TR-700) with that of 15 agents against a collection of linezolid-resistant staphylococci (164 coagulase-negative staphylococci and 5 Staphylococcus aureus). Methods: Antimicrobial susceptibility tests were performed using the broth microdilution method following the recommendations of the CLSI. Results: All isolates were susceptible to vancomycin and tigecycline. Based on the MIC90 values, the potency of tedizolid against coagulase-negative staphylococci was .16-fold greater than that of linezolid. Tedizolid retained activity against most of the linezolid-resistant staphylococci tested, including multidrug-resistant isolates with elevated linezolid MICs (32 to .128 mg/L). Of the isolates, 79.2% and 31.4% were inhibited by tedizolid at ≤4 mg/L and ≤2 mg/L, respectively. Conclusions: The results of this study confirm the activity of tedizolid against linezolid-resistant staphylococci. This new oxazolidinone could have an important role as a potential therapeutic agent against multidrug-resistant staphylococci.5.338 JCR (2012) Q1, 7/69 Infectious diseases, 16/116 Microbiology, 18/260 Pharmacology & pharmac

Uso de la senda botánica UE como herramienta docente en la integración de competencias en fisiología

En los últimos años, varios estudios han constatado una tendencia hacia la integración de materias y contenidos en la educación superior. En este sentido, un grupo de profesores de Fisiología de los Grados de Farmacia, Biotecnología y Medicina han desarrollado una actividad multidisciplinar y multiárea, utilizando como herramienta la Senda Botánica UE. En ella, los alumnos deben reconocer una de las especies botánicas, y explicar el mecanismo de acción, la farmacología y la toxicología de uno de los principios activos de esa especie, y presentar los resultados en formato póster. Los alumnos fueron preguntados por su impresión antes y después de realizar la actividad. Los resultados generales muestran un alto grado de satisfacción del alumnado con la realización de actividades fuera del aula tradicional y con la inclusión de herramientas complementarias al contenido habitual de la asignatura. Asimismo, encuentran beneficios en la exposición de los resultados en formato póster frente a otros como el power point. Estos resultados nos animan a continuar con la integración de contenidos de diferentes áreas para lograr un aprendizaje más integral de los contenidos.SIN FINANCIACIÓNNo data 2015UE

Clinical outbreak of linezolid-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in an intensive care unit

Linezolid resistance is extremely uncommon in Staphylococcus aureus. Our objective was to report an outbreak with linezolid and methicillin-resistant S. aureus (LRSA) in an intensive care department and the effective control measures taken. Outbreak study of consecutive critically ill patients colonized and/or infected with LRSA at an intensive care department of a 1000-bed tertiary care university teaching hospital in Madrid, Spain. Patients were placed under strict contact isolation. Daily updates of outbreak data and recommendations for the use of linezolid were issued. Extensive environmental sampling and screening of the hands of health care workers were performed. Our measures were linezolid use and clinical and epidemiological characteristics and outcomes using minimal inhibitory concentrations, pulsed-field gel electrophoresis, and polymerase chain reaction of LRSA isolates. Between April 13 and June 26, 2008, 12 patients with LRSA were identified. In 6 patients, LRSA caused ventilator-associated pneumonia and in 3 patients it caused bacteremia. Isolates were susceptible to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, glycopeptides, tigecycline, and daptomycin. Genotyping identified 1 predominant clone and 3 other types. Cfr-mediated linezolid resistance was demonstrated in all isolates. Potential hospital staff carriers and environmental samples were negative except for one. Six patients died, 5 of them in the intensive care unit, with 1 death attributed to LRSA infection. Linezolid use decreased from 202 defined daily doses in April 2008 to 25 defined daily doses in July 2008. Between July 2008 and April 2010, no new cases have been identified in the weekly surveillance cultures or diagnostic samples. In conclusión, the first clinical outbreak, to our knowledge, with LRSA mediated by the cfr gene developed at our center, was associated with nosocomial transmission and extensive usage of linezolid. Reduction of linezolid use and infection-control measures were associated with the termination of the outbreak.30.011 JCR (2010) Q1, 3/153 Medicine, general & interna

Resistance to linezolid is mediated by the cfr gene in the first report of an outbreak of linezolid-resistant Staphylococcus aureus

From April through June 2008, we identified 12 patients in the intensive care unit and 3 patients on other wards infected with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus that was also resistant to linezolid. We investigated the mechanism of resistance--point mutations in domain V of 23S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) or presence of the cfr gene--involved in the outbreak. Strains for the study were obtained in the intensive care unit and other wards. Minimal inhibitory concentrations were determined using automated methods, the E-test, or dilution in Mueller-Hinton agar in accordance with Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute guidelines. Strains were genotyped using pulsed-field gel electrophoresis and were sequenced to determine the presence of point mutations in 23S rRNA. The presence of the cfr gene was determined by specific polymerase chain reaction. The result was that the minimal inhibitory concentrations of linezolid ranged from 16 mg/L to 32 mg/L, and all the strains were susceptible to tigecycline, vancomycin, and daptomycin. Typing of strains sequentially isolated by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis showed that each patient carried only 1 clonal type of linezolid-resistant, methicillin-resistant S. aureus as detected by sequential isolations. The presence of the cfr gene was confirmed in all the isolates. Furthermore, sequencing of domain V of 23S rRNA showed that the most common mechanism of linezolid resistance reported to date, mutation G2576T, was not detected in any of the strains analyzed. In conclusion, we report the presence of the cfr gene underlying the resistance mechanism involved in a clinical outbreak of linezolid-resistant S. aureus.8.186 JCR (2010) Q1, 11/134 Immunology, 2/58 Infectious diseases, 9/107 Microbiolog

A Botanic Trail as a Complementary Tool to Master Class in Physiology. A Comparison of Students’ Impression in Different Grades

In the last years, European Universities have rearranged their study programs towards more practical contents in order to develop a broader range of competences in the students. In this sense, a group of Lecturers in Physiology of different Degrees (Pharmacy, Biotechnology and Medicine) have developed multidisciplinary activity, included in the problem based learning methodology, and supported on a tool previously established in the University Campus: the Botanic Trail. This tool consists on the identification of the plant species located in the Campus by means of signs with the QR codes, whose capture leads to a website (www.sendabotanicaue.es) containing extensive information about botany, pharmacognosy and the toxicology of each species. The activity started when each group of 4-5 students of the first or second year were assigned a plant found in the Campus. Then, the students should investigate their active ingredients and explain the mechanism of action, pharmacology, medical application and toxicology of at least one of these ingredients. The results of this investigation should be presented in a poster format and explained to the rest of the class. The students’ impression about the activity was recorded before and after its development with a questionnaire. The analysis of the data collected shows that, initially, students of the three Degrees agreed with the inclusion of resources, such as the Botanic Trail, as a complement to master classes. However, after carrying out the activity, a different point of view has emerged depending on the Degree analyzed. Thus, Pharmacy-Biotechnology students consider interesting the activity, and useful for complementing the theoretical contents of the course in Physiology. However, Medicine students do not consider that these types of activities make a significant difference on their training, although they do not appear to be against including them. Taken together, these results indicate a different assessment of the inclusion of complementary resources to the master class depending on the profile of the students.Sin financiaciónNo data (2016)UE

El aprendizaje a través del juego como herramienta en el diseño de actividades de valor añadido en un currículum integrador de Ciencias Biomédicas

Esta actividad, diseñada desde el Departamento de Ciencias Biomédicas Básicas, se apoya en: 1. la integración de materias básicas (para contextualizar la experiencia clínica desde la perspectiva de sus fundamentos); 2. la formación interprofesional al trabajar con alumnos de diferentes Grados de nuestra Facultad y 3. el aprendizaje a través del juego, para facilitar un abordaje motivante y divertido a los destinatarios de la acción. Esta nueva experiencia consiste en una gymkhana por equipos en base a un caso clínico, en la que por primera vez se trabajan el aprendizaje y la docencia en diversas disciplinas básicas integradas, a través del juego y la competición entre grupos de alumnos (TBL).SIN FINANCIACIÓNNo data 2016UE

El aprendizaje a través del juego como herramienta en el diseño de actividades de valor añadido en un currículo integrador de Ciencias Biomédicas Básicas

Introducción. Desde el Departamento de Ciencias Biomédicas Básicas de la Universidad Europea de Madrid optamos por el diseño de actividades que fomenten un entorno de aprendizaje activo e integrador, centrado en el alumno y contextualizado en un entorno profesional. El objetivo es favorecer la asimilación de conceptos fundamentales, motivando al alumno y facilitando el aprendizaje extracurricular. Sujetos y métodos. Dentro de nuestras actividades de valor añadido hemos diseñado una dinámica a través del juego con estudiantes de los primeros cursos de los grados de Medicina, Farmacia y la doble titulación de Farmacia-Biotecnología. Utilizando como hilo conductor un caso clínico relacionado con una enfermedad cardiovascular, se diseñó una yincana con un carácter integrador de disciplinas básicas con diferentes estaciones de trabajo. Se premió la correcta resolución de las tareas incluidas en las estaciones de trabajo en un tiempo establecido. Resultados. Los estudiantes encuestados mostraron su satisfacción con la utilidad de estas sesiones integradas frente a las no integradas, así como con la inclusión de contenidos de diferentes materias (el 54% respondió favorablemente). El 58% de los grupos participantes afirmó que la actividad les acercó a contenidos nuevos. Conclusiones. Con esta actividad se ha aumentado el interés y la motivación de los alumnos por los conceptos más básicos de las ciencias biomédicas, a través de la integración real y la aplicación directa a un caso clínico auténtico. Asimismo, hemos conseguido que los alumnos trabajen competencias necesarias para asumir sus futuros roles como integrantes de equipos multidisciplinares, gracias a la participación de alumnos de grados distintos.Introduction. The Department of Basic Biomedical Sciences at the Universidad Europea de Madrid is committed to design activities that foster an environment of active and inclusive student-centered learning and contextualized in a professional environment. The aim is to ensure, through an integrated assimilation of fundamental concepts, the student motivation to learn and facilitate the extracurricular knowledge. Subjects and methods. Within our added-value activities, we have designed a play-based activity with students from the first course of the degrees of Medicine, Pharmacy and the double degree Pharmacy-Biotechnology. Using a clinical case related to a cardiovascular disease as a thread, a gymkhana was designed following a workstations working model. The correct resolution of all tasks included in each workstation without delay was finally rewarded. Results. Respondents found the integrated sessions more useful than the traditional seminars and also remarked that they bring up a variety of contents from different subjects successfully (54% positive answers). 58% of the survey participants expressed that the activity approached them new content not covered through the traditional master class. Conclusions. We have ensured that students develop skills required to take their future roles as members of multidisciplinary teams, thanks to the participation of students from different degrees. Moreover, the activity managed to increase motivation and the interest for the most basic concepts of Biomedical Sciences through real integration and direct application to a real clinical case. The experience was evaluated as very positive by all participants.Sin financiaciónNo data (2017)UE