Ovinos Santa Inês: estado de arte e perspectivas.

[Santa Inês hair sheep: state of art and perspectives]. Abstract: The Santa Inês hair sheep breed is found in whole to areas of Brazil. Its origin has been object of vary speculations. However, the most probable could be traced starting from combinations of four genetic sources: a) Criuola is wool type of sheep, brought by Portuguese and Spanish settlers, but that eliminated the wool under tropical conditions was; b) Hair sheep breeds originating from of the African continent, which originated most of the hair sheep breeds from Brazil, Central America and Caribbean; c) Bergamácia sheep breed from Italian, which was crossed with the remaining sheep of those originating from of the African continent, and Morada Nova, followed by adaptation, selection and evolution for absence of wool; d) finally, in the end of the decade of 80, a small group of the breeders added to Santa Inês the Somalis and Suffolk breeds. The breed presents good reproductive, adaptability and growth potential. The pattern of the coat calor includes the white, the red, the black and the mailed. In field conditions the ewes reach weights of 40-60 kg and the males can reach up to 120 kg. The selection practiced in the breed has been done in direction for size and body weight, absence of wool and horns and, presence of an intense pigmentation. The females present good maternal ability and they get easily to give birth vigorous lambs. The age to the puberty and first lambing, lambing interval, fertility, the prolificacy and the survival rate from weaning found in the literature, vary from: 274 to 376 days, 442 to 551 days, 227 to 307 days, 83,6 to 93%, 1,1 to 1,4 and, from 69 to 87%, respectively. The Santa Inês lamb can reach 23-32 kg at weaning and gain 166 -336 kg. At slaughter, Santa Inês Lamb, had dressing percentage of approximately 48,0 %. The animals generally demonstrate capacity to develop a strong answer immunology against the nematodes gastrontestinais, even before of the weaning. That skin presents great market value, due to the high quality pattern, resultant of its largest elasticity and excellent flexibility, and great resistance, associated to a fine texture, being rendered for use in several manufactured products. In spite of the few studies involving the face Santa Inês the breed has been demonstrating to be an excellent alternative to increase the production of meat in the main areas of the country, considering its reproductive capacity, resistance sponges it gastrontestinais, skin quality and adaptability , besides good growth rate

Chromosome instability in intergeneric hybrids of Triticum aestivum;× tritordeum (amphiploid Hordeum chilense×Triticum turgidum) with high dosage of Ph1 gene of wheat

In somatic cells of intergencric hybrids Truicum uestirum (mono-isosomic 5BL, 2n=6x=4f)x trinordum 12n = 6x = 42, amphiploid Hordeum clulense x Triticum turgidnm)it was observed that high dosage of the long arm of 5B induced chromosome instability in hybrids 2n=42, in hybrids 2n=41 with only one dose of 5BL from the normal 5B genome of the teteaploed wheat, all cells have consistently 2n=41 chromosomes and no rmal 5B genome of the tetraploid wheat all cells have consistently 2n=41 plant differenttation in plants with 2n=42 which carry three doses of 5BL (one isochromosome 5BL and one 5B chromosome)most of the metaphase cells had 2n=42 chromosomes. However other cells in a reasonable frequency varying from 19% to 40% carried from 2n=6 to 2n=44. and showed marked desturbances in all phases of the cell cycle leading to final failure in plant development. It is suggested that the Ph1 geng of wheat. Located on 5BL regulates chromosome stability in the somatic cells of those hybrids

Robust zero-energy modes in an electronic higher-order topological insulator: the dimerized Kagome lattice

Quantum simulators are an essential tool for understanding complex quantum materials. Platforms based on ultracold atoms in optical lattices and photonic devices led the field so far, but electronic quantum simulators are proving to be equally relevant. Simulating topological states of matter is one of the holy grails in the field. Here, we experimentally realize a higher-order electronic topological insulator (HOTI). Specifically, we create a dimerized Kagome lattice by manipulating carbon-monoxide (CO) molecules on a Cu(111) surface using a scanning tunneling microscope (STM). We engineer alternating weak and strong bonds to show that a topological state emerges at the corner of the non-trivial configuration, while it is absent in the trivial one. Contrarily to conventional topological insulators (TIs), the topological state has two dimensions less than the bulk, denoting a HOTI. The corner mode is protected by a generalized chiral symmetry, which leads to a particular robustness against perturbations. Our versatile approach to quantum simulation with artificial lattices holds promises of revealing unexpected quantum phases of matter

A new species of Calacarus Keifer (Acari: Eriophyidae) on papaya in Northeastern Brazil.

Calacarus flagelliseta n.sp. (Acari: Prostigmata: Eriophyidae) is described from Northeastern Brazil based on adults of both sexes collected from papaya leaves

Monitoramento nutricional do dendezeiro em sistemas agroflorestais.

Este trabalho teve como objetivo realizar o monitoramento nutricional do dendezeiro em sistemas alternativos de produção em três propriedades do município de Tomé-Açu, Estado do Pará

Classical Equations for Quantum Systems

The origin of the phenomenological deterministic laws that approximately govern the quasiclassical domain of familiar experience is considered in the context of the quantum mechanics of closed systems such as the universe as a whole. We investigate the requirements for coarse grainings to yield decoherent sets of histories that are quasiclassical, i.e. such that the individual histories obey, with high probability, effective classical equations of motion interrupted continually by small fluctuations and occasionally by large ones. We discuss these requirements generally but study them specifically for coarse grainings of the type that follows a distinguished subset of a complete set of variables while ignoring the rest. More coarse graining is needed to achieve decoherence than would be suggested by naive arguments based on the uncertainty principle. Even coarser graining is required in the distinguished variables for them to have the necessary inertia to approach classical predictability in the presence of the noise consisting of the fluctuations that typical mechanisms of decoherence produce. We describe the derivation of phenomenological equations of motion explicitly for a particular class of models. Probabilities of the correlations in time that define equations of motion are explicitly considered. Fully non-linear cases are studied. Methods are exhibited for finding the form of the phenomenological equations of motion even when these are only distantly related to those of the fundamental action. The demonstration of the connection between quantum-mechanical causality and causalty in classical phenomenological equations of motion is generalized. The connections among decoherence, noise, dissipation, and the amount of coarse graining necessary to achieve classical predictability are investigated quantitatively.Comment: 100pages, 1 figur

Non-Newtonian fluid flow through three-dimensional disordered porous media

We investigate the flow of various non-Newtonian fluids through three-dimensional disordered porous media by direct numerical simulation of momentum transport and continuity equations. Remarkably, our results for power-law (PL) fluids indicate that the flow, when quantified in terms of a properly modified permeability-like index and Reynolds number, can be successfully described by a single (universal) curve over a broad range of Reynolds conditions and power-law exponents. We also study the flow behavior of Bingham fluids described in terms of the Herschel-Bulkley model. In this case, our simulations reveal that the interplay of ({\it i}) the disordered geometry of the pore space, ({\it ii}) the fluid rheological properties, and ({\it iii}) the inertial effects on the flow is responsible for a substantial enhancement of the macroscopic hydraulic conductance of the system at intermediate Reynolds conditions. This anomalous condition of ``enhanced transport'' represents a novel feature for flow in porous materials.Comment: 5 pages, 5 figures. This article appears also in Physical Review Letters 103 194502 (2009

Topological Monomodes in non-Hermitian Systems

Topological monomodes have been for long as elusive as magnetic monopoles. The latter was experimentally shown to emerge in effective descriptions of condensed-matter systems, while the experimental exploration of the former has largely been hindered by the complexity of the conceived setups. Here, we present a remarkably simple model and the experimental observation of topological monomodes generated dynamically. By focusing on non-Hermitian one-dimensional (1D) and 2D Su-Schrieffer-Heeger (SSH) models, we theoretically unveil the minimal configuration to realize a topological monomode upon engineering losses and breaking of lattice symmetries. Furthermore, we classify the systems in terms of the (non-Hermitian) symmetries that are present and calculate the corresponding topological invariants. To corroborate the theory, we present experiments in photonic lattices, in which a monomode is observed in the non-Hermitian 1D and 2D SSH models, thus breaking the paradigm that topological corner states should appear in pairs. Our findings might have profound implications for photonics and quantum optics because topological monomodes increase the robustness of corner states by preventing recombination.Comment: 30 (13+17) pages, 17 (4+13) figures, comments are welcom