Pregnancy Disease In Ewes

Pregnancy disease may be defined as a toxemia of advanced pregnancy characterized by paralysis and convulsions, a high mortality, extreme fatty degeneration of the liver and an extreme ketonuria

Letter from Donald E. Moore, President of the Brooklyn Botanic Garden, to Richard Ravitch, Chairperson of the Charter Revision Commission

This letter from Brooklyn Botanic Garden President, Donald E. Moore, to Chairperson of the Charter Revision Commission, Richard Ravitch urges Ravitch to maintain an effective role in the budget process for the borough wide executive. The letter is dated February 1, 1988

Letter from Donald E. Moore, President of the Brooklyn Botanic Garden, to Richard Ravitch, Chairperson of the Charter Revision Commission

This letter from Brooklyn Botanic Garden President, Donald E. Moore, to Chairperson of the Charter Revision Commission, Richard Ravitch urges Ravitch to maintain an effective role in the budget process for the borough wide executive. The letter is dated February 1, 1988

Elephant Training and Ride Operations, Part I: Animal Health, Cost/Benefit and Philosophy

Results from a survey, conducted by the authors as employees of the Burnet Park Zoo, show that very few captive elephants in zoos (18 in the USA) are trained for ride operations. Trained elephants are easily accessable for treatment, are less bored , and overall are healthier than non-trained elephants, which may be manifested in a longer life span. The benefits derived from a well planned elephant training and ride operation clearly outweigh the costs incurred

Geologic setting and processes along Lake Erie from Fairport Harbor to Marblehead, Ohio

Originally prepared for the 2006 North-Central Section meeting of the Geological Society of America in Akron, Ohio

Killer Whales (Orcinus orca) Chasing Gray Whales (Eschrichtius robustus) in the Northern Bering Sea

Sixteen killer whales (Orcinus orca) were observed for 90 minutes as they approached and then chased gray whales (Eschrichtius robustus) in the Bering Sea north of St. Lawrence Island, Alaska. The killer whales swam in four discrete lines that blew synchronously as they approached an area in which gray whales were feeding. Once in the gray whales' feeding area, the killer whales broke into small groups and dispersed. The gray whales, which had been dispersed while feeding, formed groups of three to six and swam away from the killer whales, except for one individual. That whale was pursued by four killer whales swimming nearly abreast in a loose crescent formation with about 300 m between individuals. Although a sonobuoy was deployed throughout the observation period, no sounds were recorded from either species. The absence of whale sounds raises questions about how the whales detected one another and communicated between nearby conspecifics.Key words: killer whale (Orcinus orca), gray whale (Eschrichtius robustus), Bering Sea, predator/prey, acousticsMots clés: épaulard (Orcinus orca), baleine grise de Californie (Eschrichtius robustus), mer de Béring, prédateur/proie, acoustiqu

Composition of the Ichthyofauna Inhabiting the 110-Meter Contour of the Gulf of Mexico, Mississippi River to the Rio Grande

The ichthyofauna inhabiting the 110-m bathymetric contour from the Mississippi River to the Rio Grande was very diverse in comparison to the inshore fauna, although the number of species collected decreased off south Texas. A total of 69 species were identified, although only 3662 specimens were examined. Dominant taxa were the families Sparidae, Lutjanidae, Triglidae, Serranidae and Synodontidae with Stenotomus caprinus, Pristipomoides aquilonaris, Prionotus paralatus, Serranus atrobranchus, and Synodus joetens being the most abundant species. Faunal composition was very similar along the entire 110-m contour except for large changes in abundance of Stenotomus caprinus, Pristipomoides aquilonaris, and Serranus atrobranchus. Abundance of Stenotomus caprinus decreased greatly off south Texas whereas the converse was true for Pristipomoides aquilonaris and Serranus atrobranchus. The composition of the ichthyofauna at a depth of 110-m is similar to that found on the brown shrimp grounds of the northern Gulf of Mexico

Survival of Burkholderia pseudomallei in Water

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>The ability of <it>Burkholderia pseudomallei </it>to survive in water likely contributes to its environmental persistence in endemic regions. To determine the physiological adaptations which allow <it>B. pseudomallei </it>to survive in aqueous environments, we performed microarray analyses of <it>B. pseudomallei </it>cultures transferred from Luria broth (LB) to distilled water.</p> <p>Findings</p> <p>Increased expression of a gene encoding for a putative membrane protein (BPSL0721) was confirmed using a <it>lux</it>-based transcriptional reporter system, and maximal expression was noted at approximately 6 hrs after shifting cells from LB to water. A BPSL0721 deficient mutant of <it>B. pseudomallei </it>was able to survive in water for at least 90 days indicating that although involved, BPSL0721 was not essential for survival. BPSL2961, a gene encoding a putative phosphatidylglycerol phosphatase (PGP), was also induced when cells were shifted to water. This gene is likely involved in cell membrane biosynthesis. We were unable to construct a PGP mutant suggesting that the gene is not only involved in survival in water but is essential for cell viability. We also examined mutants of polyhydroxybutyrate synthase (<it>phb</it>C), lipopolysaccharide (LPS) oligosaccharide and capsule synthesis, and these mutations did not affect survival in water. LPS mutants lacking outer core were found to lose viability in water by 200 days indicating that an intact LPS core provides an outer membrane architecture which allows prolonged survival in water.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>The results from these studies suggest that <it>B. pseudomallei </it>survival in water is a complex process that requires an LPS molecule which contains an intact core region.</p

1966 Farm Business Analysis Report

Exact date of working paper unknown