Yan Thomas, Jacques Chiffoleau, L’istituzione della natura

At the beginning of Woody Allen’s Love and Death, just before being executed, the protagonist remembers his boyhood at the summer house where, among many other characters, were “Old Gregor and his son Young Gregor. Oddly enough, Young Gregor was older than Old Gregor. Nobody could figure out how that happened”. Such an inversion, which belongs in the first place to the sphere of logic and its paradoxes, represents, if transferred in the context of the history of law and of its use of the conc..

6. Book Reviews

Reviews of Muzzarelli (ed.), Riferire all’autorità. Denuncia e delazione tra Medioevo ed Età Moderna, Viella 2020; Thomas & Chiffoleau, L’istituzione della natura, ed. by M. Spanò, Quodlibet 2020; Wolfe, La philosophie de la biologie avant la biologie. Une histoire du vitalisme, Classiques Garnier 2019; Omodeo, Amerigo Vespucci: The Historical Context of His Explorations and Scientific Contribution, Edizioni Ca’ Foscari 2020

»Nekaj ostaja neizrečeno«: o metonimični ontologiji platonske chore

The concept of chora stands in the Platonic corpus as a peculiar philosophical puzzle: introduced in the Timaeus in order to account for the elements’ cycles of transformation, it seems to represent a hybrid nature, combining the notions of space and that matter. Most scholars have tried to solve the chora’s riddle by translating its indistinct character in a well-defined philosophical concept – or a set of concepts logically bound to each other. Using some of the conceptual tools developed by the thought of difference, this research aims instead at analysing it as a function, more specifically as an onto-linguistic one, outlining a procedure for weaving a reality able to compete with the one carried out by the ideas and the logos. In so doing, the article also tries to identify, along the lines of the Platonic text, the terms of a series that differs from the traditional one of episteme-logos-eidos, and which is engrained in the linguistic mechanism of syntactic combination, in the peculiar ontology outlined by the chora, and in the aesthetic nature of this onto-linguistic composition.V Platonovem delu koncept chore predstavlja posebno filozofsko zagato. V Timaju je uveden kot pojasnilo cikla transformacije elementov, predstavlja pa hibridno naravo, ki združuje pojma prostora in materije. Običajno zagato chore rešujejo tako, da prevedejo njen nerazločen značaj v jasno definiran filozofski koncept ali niz med sabo logično povezanih konceptov. S konceptualnimi orodji mišljenja razlike si raziskava namesto tega prizadeva analizirati jo kot funkcijo, natančneje rečeno kot onto-lingvistično funkcijo, s katero orišemo proces tkanja realnosti, ki je zmožen konkurirati tistemu, ki ga opravljajo ideje in logos. Na ta način želimo v članku sledeč Platonovemu tekstu tudi razbrati člene serije, ki bi se razlikovala od tradicionalne episteme-logos-eidos in bila vpeta v lingvistični mehanizem sintaktične kombinacije, v posebno ontologijo, kot jo oriše chora, in v estetsko naravo te onto-lingvistične kompozicije

La rappresentazione del supplizio. Per un’archeologia dello spettacolo punitivo

Il supplizio come forma suprema della punizione ha percorso la storia dell’occidente dalle sue prime configurazioni antiche fino al suo tramonto come spettacolo pubblico nel corso del XIX secolo. Questo libro si propone di indagare la logica e i modi della sua rappresentazione, ricostruendone la genealogia all’incrocio tra forme del diritto, figure del potere e strutture mitiche e narrative, a loro volta attraversate dalle forze che ne ordinano il nesso con la scena penale e che ne mettono in azione il meccanismo spettacolare: violenza e ludibrium. L’analisi di questo complesso nodo concettuale procede attraverso l’esame di alcune delle più rilevanti determinazioni storiche assunte dai termini che vi sono implicati (Roma antica, il primo cristianesimo, l’era moderna e l’epoca vittoriana), indagate attraverso le lenti del metodo archeologico

Proteoglycan-based diversification of disease outcome in head and neck cancer patients identifies NG2/CSPG4 and syndecan-2 as unique relapse and overall survival predicting factors

Background: Tumour relapse is recognized to be the prime fatal burden in patients affected by head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), but no discrete molecular trait has yet been identified to make reliable early predictions of tumour recurrence. Expression of cell surface proteoglycans (PGs) is frequently altered in carcinomas and several of them are gradually emerging as key prognostic factors. Methods: A PG expression analysis at both mRNA and protein level, was pursued on primary lesions derived from 173 HNSCC patients from whom full clinical history and 2 years post-surgical follow-up was accessible. Gene and protein expression data were correlated with clinical traits and previously proposed tumour relapse markers to stratify high-risk patient subgroups. Results: HNSCC lesions were indeed found to exhibit a widely aberrant PG expression pattern characterized by a variable expression of all PGs and a characteristic de novo transcription/translation of GPC2, GPC5 and NG2/CSPG4 respectively in 36%, 72% and 71% on 119 cases. Importantly, expression of NG2/CSPG4, on neoplastic cells and in the intralesional stroma (Hazard Ratio [HR], 6.76, p = 0.017) was strongly associated with loco-regional relapse, whereas stromal enrichment of SDC2 (HR, 7.652, p = 0.007) was independently tied to lymphnodal infiltration and disease-related death. Conversely, down-regulated SDC1 transcript (HR, 0.232, p = 0.013) uniquely correlated with formation of distant metastases. Altered expression of PGs significantly correlated with the above disease outcomes when either considered alone or in association with well-established predictors of poor prognosis (i.e. T classification, previous occurrence of precancerous lesions and lymphnodal metastasis). Combined alteration of all three PGs was found to be a reliable predictor of shorter survival. Conclusions: An unprecedented PG-based prognostic portrait is unveiled that incisively diversifies disease course in HNSCC patients beyond the currently known clinical and molecular biomarkers

La \uabmetaf\uedsica de la experiencia interior\ubb clave teor\ue9tica de la estructura relacional de la persona.

Riflessione sull'esperienza interiore come esperienza metafisica della relazionalit\ue0 accessibile all'essere uman