ICAM-1 expression on immune cells in chronic villitis

AbstractIntroductionICAM-1 expression on the villous syncytiotrophoblast (ST) is believed to participate in migration of maternal cells into the inflamed villi regardless of villitis etiology. However, its expression on immune cells in chronic villitis (CV) has yet to be analyzed. ICAM-1 induces cell–cell adhesion allowing intercellular communication, T cell-mediated defense mechanism, and inflammatory response.Material and methods21 cases of CV (all without an identifiable etiologic agent) and 3 control placentas were analyzed using ICAM-1, and for immune cells CD45, CD3 and CD68. These cells were subdivided according to their location in inflamed villi: a) within the inflamed villi and b) outside forming perivillous aggregates.ResultsLarge amounts of CD45, CD3 and CD68 were found within the inflamed villi and forming perivillous aggregates attached to areas of trophoblastic loss. Inflamed villi usually showed ICAM-1+ ST. The majority of immune cells surrounding areas of trophoblastic rupture presented marked expression of ICAM-1. In contrast, a small number of immune cells within the inflamed villi exhibited ICAM-1 expression. Only some (<5%) inflamed villi without trophoblastic rupture and with ICAM-1+ ST presented adherence of immune cells.DiscussionIn inflamed villi of chronic villitis, the level of ICAM-1 expression on immune cells depends on their location: high in number of cells in the perivillous region and low within the villi. The strongest expression of ICAM-1 on immune cells attached to areas of trophoblastic rupture suggests that the loss of trophoblast can lead to an amplification of the inflammatory response

Tubular Variant Of Basal Cell Adenoma Shares Immunophenotypical Features With Normal Intercalated Ducts And Is Closely Related To Intercalated Duct Lesions Of Salivary Gland

Aims: The morphological criteria for identification of intercalated duct lesions (IDLs) of salivary glands have been defined recently. It has been hypothesised that IDL could be a precursor of basal cell adenoma (BCA). BCAs show a variety of histological patterns, and the tubular variant is the one that presents the strongest resemblance with IDLs. The aim of this study was to analyse the morphological and immunohistochemical profiles of IDLs and BCAs classified into tubular and non-tubular subtypes, to determine whether or not IDL and tubular BCA represent distinct entities. Methods and results: Eight IDLs, nine tubular BCAs and 19 non-tubular BCAs were studied. All tubular BCAs contained IDL-like areas, which represented 20-70% of the tumour. In non-tubular BCA, IDL-like areas were occasional and small (<5%). One patient presented IDLs, tubular BCAs and IDL/tubular BCA combined lesions. Luminal ductal cells of IDLs and tubular BCAs exhibited positivity for CK7, lysozyme, S100 and DOG1. In the non-tubular BCA group, few luminal cells exhibited such an immunoprofile; they were mainly CK14-positive. Basal/myoepithelial cells of IDLs, tubular BCAs and non-tubular BCAs were positive for CK14, calponin, α-SMA and p63; they were more numerous in BCA lesions. Conclusions: IDL, tubular BCA and non-tubular BCA form a continuum of lesions in which IDLs are related closely to tubular BCA. In both, the immunoprofile of luminal and myoepithelial cells recapitulates the normal intercalated duct. The difference between the adenoma-like subset of IDLs and tubular BCA rests mainly on the larger numbers of myoepithelial cells in the latter. Our findings indicate that at least some BCAs can arise via IDLs. © 2013 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.646880889Weinreb, I., Seethala, R.R., Hunt, J.L., Intercalated duct lesions of salivary gland: a morphologic spectrum from hyperplasia to adenoma (2009) Am. J. Surg. Pathol., 33, pp. 1322-1329Di Palma, S., Epithelial-myoepithelial carcinoma with co-existing multifocal intercalated duct hyperplasia of the parotid gland (1994) Histopathology, 25, pp. 494-496Chetty, R., Intercalated duct hyperplasia: possible relationship to epithelial-myoepithelial carcinoma and hybrid tumours of salivary gland (2000) Histopathology, 37, pp. 260-263Yu, G.Y., Donath, K., Adenomatous ductal proliferation of the salivary gland (2001) Oral Surg. Oral Med. Oral Pathol. Oral Radiol. Endod., 91, pp. 215-221Araujo, V.C., Basal cell adenoma (2005) World Health Organization classification of tumours. Pathology and genetics of head and neck tumors, pp. 261-262. , In Barnes L, Eveson JW, Reichart P, Sidransky D eds. 1st ed. Lyon: IARC PressMartinez-Madrigal, F., Micheau, C., Histology of the major salivary glands (1989) Am. J. Surg. Pathol., 13, pp. 879-899Draeger, A., Nathrath, W.B., Lane, E.B., Cytokeratins, smooth muscle actin and vimentin in human normal salivary gland and pleomorphic adenomas. Immunohistochemical studies with particular reference to myoepithelial and basal cells (1991) APMIS, 99, pp. 405-415Miyazaki, T., Inoue, Y., Takano, K., Seromucous cells in human sublingual glands: examination by immunocytochemistry of lysozyme (2001) Arch. Histol. Cytol., 64, pp. 305-312Zarbo, R.J., Prasad, A.R., Regezi, J.A., Salivary gland basal cell and canalicular adenomas: immunohistochemical demonstration of myoepithelial cell participation and morphogenetic considerations (2000) Arch. Pathol. Lab. Med., 124, pp. 401-405Chênevert, J., Duvvuri, U., Chiosea, S., DOG1: a novel marker of salivary acinar and intercalated duct differentiation (2012) Mod. Pathol., 25, pp. 919-929de Araújo, V.C., de Sousa, S.O., Carvalho, Y.R., Application of immunohistochemistry to the diagnosis of salivary gland tumors (2000) Appl. Immunohistochem. Mol. Morphol., 8, pp. 195-202Machado de Sousa, S.O., Soares de Araújo, N., Corrêa, L., Immunohistochemical aspects of basal cell adenoma and canalicular adenoma of salivary glands (2001) Oral Oncol., 37, pp. 365-368Fuchs, E., Cleveland, D.W., A structural scaffolding of intermediate filaments in health and disease (1998) Science, 279, pp. 514-519Edwards, P.C., Bhuiya, T., Kelsch, R.D., Assessment of p63 expression in the salivary gland neoplasms adenoid cystic carcinoma, polymorphous low-grade adenocarcinoma, and basal cell and canalicular adenomas (2004) Oral Surg. Oral Med. Oral Pathol. Oral Radiol. Endod., 97, pp. 613-619Herbst, E.W., Utz, W., Multifocal dermal-type basal cell adenomas of parotid glands with co-existing dermal cylindromas (1984) Virchows Arch. A Pathol. Anat. Histopathol., 403, pp. 95-102Yu, G.Y., Ussmueller, J., Donath, K., Histogenesis and development of membranous basal cell adenoma (1998) Oral Surg. Oral Med. Oral Pathol. Oral Radiol. Endod., 86, pp. 446-45