21 research outputs found
Redescription of Anopheles (Nyssorhynchus) antunesi Galvão & Amaral and description of a new species of the Myzorhynchella Section (Diptera: Culicidae) from Serra da Mantiqueira, Brazil
Anopheles (Nyssorhynchus) pristinus Nagaki & Sallum, n. sp. of the Myzorhynchella Section is described based on morphological characters of adult females, males, fourth-instar larvae, pupae and male genitalia. Anopheles (Nyssorhynchus) antunesi Galvão & Amaral is characterized to fix its identity and distinguish it from An. pristinus. The eggs of An. antunesi are described for the first time. Molecular characterization employing sequences of the COI mitochondrial gene and the ITS2 region of ribosomal DNA are provided for each species. An. antunesi and An. pristinus are compared with morphologically similar species of the Myzorhynchella Section. The results of the present study suggest that the new species has been misidentified as both An. antunesi and Anopheles lutzii Cruz. An. antunesi and An. pristinus are sympatric, occurring at high altitudes in Serra da Mantiqueira, southeastern BrazilFAPESP 2005/53973-0, 07/01870-8, CNPq 300351/2008-
Bionomia de mosquitos (Diptera: Culicidae) em áreas da Mata Atlântica no municÃpio de ItaguaÃ, estado do Rio de janeiro, Brasil: I. Frequência intra, peri e extradomiciliar
Along 24 consecutive months, from January 1984 to December 1986, mosquito captures were performed in a rural area of said municipality. Aiming to evaluate the comparative frequency of the mosquito species inside houses and in the immediate vicinity and far from houses, the captures were made in two types of domiciles - one permanently and the other only sporadically inhabited - as well as in surrounding woods. Variations in temperature, relative humidity and rainfall were locally recorded. A tendency for domiciliation became evident by the presence of Aedes scapularis in the human domiciles, mainly in those permantely inhabited. Culex quinquefasciatus showed to be adapted to live with humans also in rural areas, in which, in some instances, insecticides had to be used to keep in under control. Such observations, mainly in terms of Ae. scapularis, reinforce the possibility of those mosquitoes, under favourable conditions, becoming carries of arboviroses to humans in rural environments
Ecological and environmental factors affecting transmission of sylvatic yellow fever in the 2017-2019 outbreak in the Atlantic Forest, Brazil
Background: Yellow fever virus (YFV) is an arbovirus that, despite the existence of a safe and effective vaccine, continues
to cause outbreaks of varying dimensions in the Americas and Africa. Between 2017 and 2019, Brazil registered
un unprecedented sylvatic YFV outbreak whose severity was the result of its spread into zones of the Atlantic Forest
with no signals of viral circulation for nearly 80 years.
Methods: To investigate the influence of climatic, environmental, and ecological factors governing the dispersion
and force of infection of YFV in a naïve area such as the landscape mosaic of Rio de Janeiro (RJ), we combined the
analyses of a large set of data including entomological sampling performed before and during the 2017–2019 outbreak,
with the geolocation of human and nonhuman primates (NHP) and mosquito infections.
Results: A greater abundance of Haemagogus mosquitoes combined with lower richness and diversity of mosquito
fauna increased the probability of finding a YFV-infected mosquito. Furthermore, the analysis of functional traits
showed that certain functional groups, composed mainly of Aedini mosquitoes which includes Aedes and Haemagogus
mosquitoes, are also more representative in areas where infected mosquitoes were found. Human and NHP
infections were more common in two types of landscapes: large and continuous forest, capable of harboring many
YFV hosts, and patches of small forest fragments, where environmental imbalance can lead to a greater density of the
primary vectors and high human exposure. In both, we show that most human infections (~ 62%) occurred within an
11-km radius of the finding of an infected NHP, which is in line with the flight range of the primary vectors.
Conclusions: Together, our data suggest that entomological data and landscape composition analyses may help to
predict areas permissive to yellow fever outbreaks, allowing protective measures to be taken to avoid human cases
The subgenus Dendromyia Theobald: a review with redescriptions of four species (Diptera: Culicidae)
A morphological study of larval, pupal and adult life stages (including
genitalia characters) was performed in order to evaluate the
classification of the subgenus Dendromyia, genus Wyeomyia Theobald. Six
species are included: Wy. ypsipola Dyar, Wy. jocosa (Dyar & Knab),
Wy. testei Senevet & Abonnenc, Wy. complosa (Dyar), Wy.
luteoventralis Theobald and Wy. trifurcata Clastrier, the first four of
which are redescribed. The descriptions include illustrations of the
male and female genitalia, fourth-instar larva and pupa. The result
firmly supports Dendromyia as a monophyletic group, with well defined
characters. Keys for the identification of all life stages of species
included in Dendromyia are provided
Preliminary evaluation of the genetic relatedness of three species of the subgenus Dendromyia Theobald and other species of the genus Wyeomyia Theobald (Diptera: Culicidae)
An eletrophoretic analysis of three species of the subgenus Dendromyia
(Wyeomyia luteoventralis, Wy. ypsipola and Wy. testei) and three
species belonging to different groups in the genus Wyeomyia (Wy.
negrensis, Wy. mystes and Wy.confusa) was performed. Eight enzyme loci
were analyzed. High values of genetic identity were detected among the
species of the subgenus Dendromyia: Wy. luteoventralis, Wy. ypsipola
and Wy. testei (mean value 0.63). On the other hand low values of
genetic identity were observed among Wy. negrensis, Wy. mystes and Wy.
confusa (mean value 0.23), suggesting that they belong, at least, to
distinct subgenera within the Genus Wyeomyia. The UPGMA phenogram
revealed the grouping of the Dendromyia species, while the others
clustered at lower identity levels