Prilog poznavanju faune danjih i noćnih leptira (Insecta: Lepidoptera) u Gornjim Plavnicama, Bjelovar (Hrvatska) – rezultat jednogodišnjeg fotografskog istraživanja

This paper gives a list of 100 species from 14 families of Lepidoptera found in Gornje Plavnice near Bjelovar, Croatia in the period from 14 April 2017 to 1 September 2017. This photographic research, conducted mainly in meadows, fallow land, forest edges and backyards in study area, presents a contribution to the knowledge of butterfly and moth fauna of the Bjelovar-Bilogora area as well as of Croatia as a whole.Rad donosi popis 100 vrsta leptira iz 14 porodica, zabilježenih u Gornjim Plavnicama blizu grada Bjelovara, Hrvatska, od 14. travnja 2017. do 1. rujna 2017. godine. Ovo istraživanje, temeljeno na fotografijama, uglavnom se provodilo na području livada, neobrađenih poljoprivrednih površina, rubova šuma i dvorišta na području istraživanja te predstavlja doprinos poznavanju faune danjih i noćnih leptira Bjelovarsko-bilogorskog područja i Hrvatske

Marine mammals in the Adriatic sea - distribution and vulnerability

Poseban položaj i čistoća Jadranskog mora oduvijek su privlačili razne vrste morskih sisavaca koji su prošli značajan evolucijski put da bi stekli prilagodbe potrebne za život u moru. U ovom radu izložen je pregled najčešćih morskih sisavaca koji žive u Jadranskom moru. Gotovo sve vrste morski sisavaca u Jadranskom moru su ugrožene dok su neke regionalno izumrle i u Jadranskom moru se pojavljuju samo povremeno. Neki od brojnih uzročnika takvog stanja su onečišćenje zbog sve veće litoralizacije koje posebno ugrožava morske sisavce. Degradacija staništa, slučajni ulov u mreže i namjeran lov morskih sisavaca, plastična ambalaža samo su neki od uzroka stvaranja malih i izoliranih populacija koje se bez zaštite ne mogu održati. Stoga je potrebno identificirati mjesta njihove veće brojnosti i direktnim mjerama zaštiti takva područja u cijelosti ili uvesti posebne mjere upravljanja. U protivnom, izgubit ćemo vrste koje čine značajan dio biološke raznolikosti i posebnosti Jadranskog mora.Special position and purity of the Adriatic Sea have always attracted various species of marine mammals that have undergone significant evolutionary path to acquire the necessary adaptations for life in the sea. This work presents an overview of most common marine mammals that live in the Adriatic Sea. Almost all types of marine mammals in the Adriatic Sea are endangered while some are regionally extinct in the Adriatic Sea and appear only occasionally. Some of the many causes of this situation are the growing pollution because of littoralization which is particularly threatened marine mammals. Habitat degradation, accidental entanglement in fishing nets and deliberate taking of marine mammals, plastic packaging are just some of the reasons for the creation of small and isolated populations that can not be maintained without protection. Therefore, it is necessary to identify the places of their greater abundance and with direct measures protect such areas or take specific measures of governance. Otherwise, we will lose species that make up a significant part of biological diversity and specificity of the Adriatic Sea

Contribution to the knowledge of dragonfly fauna (Insecta: Odonata) of Bjelovar area, Croatia – results of a four-year photographic study

This paper gives a list of 10 species from five Odonata families observed in Gornje Plavnice near Bjelovar, Croatia in a period between the 18th of June 2017 and the 11th of August 2020. This photographic research, conducted along the Jarak Pond and on the surrounding meadows, agricultural land and forest edge in Gornje Plavnice, represents a contribution to the knowledge of dragonfly fauna of the Bjelovar-Bilogora area as well as of Croatia as a whole

Reproductive characteristics of common toad, Bufo bufo Linnaeus (Amphibia; Anura) in Bjelovar- Bilogora county

Smeđa krastača, Bufo bufo, jedna je od najučestalijih vrsta vodozemaca u Hrvatskoj, ali postoji malo podataka o njezinoj reprodukciji na bjelovarsko-bilogorskom području i u Hrvatskoj. Ovaj rad obuhvaća određivanje reproduktivnog kapaciteta ženki i mužjaka smeđe krastače te istraživanje morfometrije punoglavaca ove vrste. 7 mužjaka i 5 ženki smeđe krastače, sakupljenih na lokacijama Rajić kod Bjelovara i lokaciji kod Grubišnog Polja, iskorišteno je za određivanje ukupnog broja spermija mužjaka i broja jaja/masi jaja ženki. Za 63 punoglavca smeđe krastače, provedeno je određivanje stadija njihova razvoja (prema Gosner 1960) i mjerenje 29 morfometrijskih mjera. Rezultati su pokazali da masa i dužina tijela ne utječu na ukupni broj spermija mužjaka te da se broj spermija smanjuje sa starošću mužjaka. Odnos mase tijela ženki i broja jaja nije statistički značajan, vjerojatno kao posljedica prisustva ženki sa nevijabilnim jajima. Gustoća populacije punoglavaca ne utječe jednako na sve punoglavce te kod manjih punoglavaca može uzrokovati ugibanje ili sporiji razvoj.Common toad, Bufo bufo, is one of the most frequent amphibian species in Croatia, but there is only few data about her reproduction in Bjelovar-Bilogora area and in Croatia. This paper includes research of reproductive capacity of common toad females and males and research of tadpoles morphometry. 7 males and 5 females of common toad, collected on locations Rajić near Bjelovar and location near Grubišno Polje, was used for determination of total number of sperm from males and number of eggs/mass of eggs from females. For 63 tadpoles of common toad was performed determination of stages of their development (according Gosner 1960) and measurement of 29 morphometry measures. Results show that mass and lenght of the body don't affect total number of male sperm and that the number of sperm decrease with age of males. Relation of female body mass and number of eggs is not statisticaly significant, probably because of presence of females with non-viabile eggs. Abundance of population of tadpoles don't have the same effect on all tadpoles and at small tadpoles can cause mortality or slower development