Conocimiento y poder: la asimetría de intereses de los médicos colombianos y de Rockefeller en la construcción del concepto de fiebre amarilla selvática, 1907-1938

Este estudio examina las asimetrías entre los diferentes intereses de los funcionarios y médicos que trabajaron para la Fundación Rockefeller y sus contrapartes colombianas en el desarrollo y consolidación del concepto de 'fiebre amarilla de la selva', a diferencia de la conocida forma urbana de fiebre amarilla. Exploramos las respuestas de investigación a una variedad de brotes de enfermedades en Colombia en el contexto de las campañas de Rockefeller contra la fiebre amarilla, desde la descripción inicial de Roberto Franco de la 'fiebre amarilla de los bosques' en 1907 hasta la consolidación del concepto. de 'fiebre amarilla de la jungla' de Fred Soper en 1938.This study examines the asymmetries among the different interests of officials and medical doctors who worked for the Rockefeller Foundation and their Colombian counterparts in the development and consolidation of the concept of “jungle yellow fever,” as distinguished from the known urban form ofyellow fever. We explore the research responses to a variety of disease outbreaks in Colombia in the context of the Rockefeller campaigns against yellow fever, from the time of Roberto Franco’s initial description of “yellow fever of the forests” in 1907 until the consolidation of the concept of “jungle yellow fever” by Fred Soper in 1938.Cette étude examine las divergencias de interes parmi les fonction-naires et les meddecins qui ont travaillé pour la Fondation Rockefeller et sa filiale colombienne dans le développement et la consolidation du concept de «la fièvre jaune selvatique», qui diffère de la forme connue de fièvre jaune urbaine. Nous explorons les réponses de recherche à une variété d'irruptions de maladie en Colombie dans le contextte des campagnes de la Fondation Rockefeller con-tre la fìèvre jaune depuis la description initle de la «fièvre jaune des forêts» de Roberto Franco en 1907 jusqu ' à la consolidación del concepto de fièvre jaune sel-vatique por Fred Soper en 1938

Conocimiento y poder: la asimetría de intereses de los médicos colombianos y de Rockefeller en la construcción del concepto de fiebre amarilla selvática, 1907-1938

Este estudio examina las asimetrías entre los diferentes intereses de los funcionarios y médicos que trabajaron para la Fundación Rockefeller y sus contrapartes colombianas en el desarrollo y consolidación del concepto de 'fiebre amarilla de la selva', a diferencia de la conocida forma urbana de fiebre amarilla. Exploramos las respuestas de investigación a una variedad de brotes de enfermedades en Colombia en el contexto de las campañas de Rockefeller contra la fiebre amarilla, desde la descripción inicial de Roberto Franco de la 'fiebre amarilla de los bosques' en 1907 hasta la consolidación del concepto. de 'fiebre amarilla de la jungla' de Fred Soper en 1938.This study examines the asymmetries among the different interests of officials and medical doctors who worked for the Rockefeller Foundation and their Colombian counterparts in the development and consolidation of the concept of “jungle yellow fever,” as distinguished from the known urban form ofyellow fever. We explore the research responses to a variety of disease outbreaks in Colombia in the context of the Rockefeller campaigns against yellow fever, from the time of Roberto Franco’s initial description of “yellow fever of the forests” in 1907 until the consolidation of the concept of “jungle yellow fever” by Fred Soper in 1938.Cette étude examine las divergencias de interes parmi les fonction-naires et les meddecins qui ont travaillé pour la Fondation Rockefeller et sa filiale colombienne dans le développement et la consolidation du concept de «la fièvre jaune selvatique», qui diffère de la forme connue de fièvre jaune urbaine. Nous explorons les réponses de recherche à une variété d'irruptions de maladie en Colombie dans le contextte des campagnes de la Fondation Rockefeller con-tre la fìèvre jaune depuis la description initle de la «fièvre jaune des forêts» de Roberto Franco en 1907 jusqu ' à la consolidación del concepto de fièvre jaune sel-vatique por Fred Soper en 1938

Comparison of performance between OFDM and GFDM in a 3.5GHz band 5G hybrid Fiber-Wireless link using SDR

This work presents a comparison between Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing OFDM and Generalized Frequency Division Multiplexing GFDM to evaluate the latency and bit error rate in a Fiber-wireless link in 3.5 GHz band using Software Defined Radio SDR, taking into account its feasibility for the 5G networks in the future

High-resolution morphologic and ultrashort time-to-echo quantitative magnetic resonance imaging of the temporomandibular joint.

ObjectiveTo implement high-resolution morphologic and quantitative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) using ultrashort time-to-echo (UTE) techniques in cadavers and volunteers.MethodsThis study was approved by the institutional review board. TMJs of cadavers and volunteers were imaged on a 3-T MR system. High-resolution morphologic and quantitative sequences using conventional and UTE techniques were performed in cadaveric TMJs. Morphologic and UTE quantitative sequences were performed in asymptomatic and symptomatic volunteers.ResultsMorphologic evaluation demonstrated the TMJ structures in open- and closed-mouth position. UTE techniques facilitated the visualization of the disc and fibrocartilage. Quantitative UTE MRI was successfully performed ex vivo and in vivo, reflecting the degree of degeneration. There was a difference in the mean UTE T2* values between asymptomatic and symptomatic volunteers.ConclusionsMRI evaluation of the TMJ using UTE techniques allows characterization of the internal structure and quantification of the MR properties of the disc. Quantitative UTE MRI can be performed in vivo with short scan times

High-resolution morphologic and ultrashort time-to-echo quantitative magnetic resonance imaging of the temporomandibular joint.

ObjectiveTo implement high-resolution morphologic and quantitative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) using ultrashort time-to-echo (UTE) techniques in cadavers and volunteers.MethodsThis study was approved by the institutional review board. TMJs of cadavers and volunteers were imaged on a 3-T MR system. High-resolution morphologic and quantitative sequences using conventional and UTE techniques were performed in cadaveric TMJs. Morphologic and UTE quantitative sequences were performed in asymptomatic and symptomatic volunteers.ResultsMorphologic evaluation demonstrated the TMJ structures in open- and closed-mouth position. UTE techniques facilitated the visualization of the disc and fibrocartilage. Quantitative UTE MRI was successfully performed ex vivo and in vivo, reflecting the degree of degeneration. There was a difference in the mean UTE T2* values between asymptomatic and symptomatic volunteers.ConclusionsMRI evaluation of the TMJ using UTE techniques allows characterization of the internal structure and quantification of the MR properties of the disc. Quantitative UTE MRI can be performed in vivo with short scan times

High-Resolution Qualitative and Quantitative Magnetic Resonance Evaluation of the Glenoid Labrum.

ObjectiveThis study aimed to implement qualitative and quantitative magnetic resonance sequences for the evaluation of labral pathology.MethodsSix glenoid labra were dissected, and the anterior and posterior portions were divided into normal, mildly degenerated, or severely degenerated groups using gross and magnetic resonance findings. Qualitative evaluation was performed using T1-weighted, proton density-weighted, spoiled gradient echo and ultrashort echo time (UTE) sequences. Quantitative evaluation included T2 and T1rho measurements as well as T1, T2*, and T1rho measurements acquired with UTE techniques.ResultsSpoiled gradient echo and UTE sequences best demonstrated labral fiber structure. Degenerated labra had a tendency toward decreased T1 values, increased T2/T2* values, and increased T1rho values. T2* values obtained with the UTE sequence allowed for delineation among normal, mildly degenerated, and severely degenerated groups (P < 0.001).ConclusionsQuantitative T2* measurements acquired with the UTE technique are useful for distinguishing among normal, mildly degenerated, and severely degenerated labra

High-Resolution Qualitative and Quantitative Magnetic Resonance Evaluation of the Glenoid Labrum.

ObjectiveThis study aimed to implement qualitative and quantitative magnetic resonance sequences for the evaluation of labral pathology.MethodsSix glenoid labra were dissected, and the anterior and posterior portions were divided into normal, mildly degenerated, or severely degenerated groups using gross and magnetic resonance findings. Qualitative evaluation was performed using T1-weighted, proton density-weighted, spoiled gradient echo and ultrashort echo time (UTE) sequences. Quantitative evaluation included T2 and T1rho measurements as well as T1, T2*, and T1rho measurements acquired with UTE techniques.ResultsSpoiled gradient echo and UTE sequences best demonstrated labral fiber structure. Degenerated labra had a tendency toward decreased T1 values, increased T2/T2* values, and increased T1rho values. T2* values obtained with the UTE sequence allowed for delineation among normal, mildly degenerated, and severely degenerated groups (P < 0.001).ConclusionsQuantitative T2* measurements acquired with the UTE technique are useful for distinguishing among normal, mildly degenerated, and severely degenerated labra

Fostering collaboration between practitioners and academics: managing public infrastructure

Public infrastructure management is an economic sustainability issue that can benefit from greater collaboration between practitioners and academics