Small scale agriculture as a resilient system in rural Romania

A brief overview of rural Romanian phenomena and processes in modern history reveals that rural areas and small rural households were highly stable systems, providing social and economic security. In all history, except during the communist period, small-scale agriculture was and continues to be the main provider of jobs in the rural labour market in the absence of other non-agricultural employment opportunities. In all times, consumption of self-produced food, supported by small farms, has had a leverage effect against poverty. More than that, the statistical information shows that small farms achieve higher levels of economic performance compared to large farms by diversifying their production structure and, through that, they make an important contribution to national food security. In the post-communist period (i.e. after 1989) in Romania, these functions and roles of the small farms have been restored and are widely recognised. If the meaning of ‘socio-economic resilience’ is the ability of an individual, of a household, community, region or country to resist, to adapt and to recover quickly after a crisis, shock or change, the economic and social functions and roles assumed in the transition period by small Romanian rural farms give them the attributes of a resilient answer of the entire Romania to the post-communist changes and shocks

Ranking National Innovation Systems According to their technical Efficiency

AbstractThe purpose of this study is to measure and compare the performance of the National Innovation Systems using the information available in IUS 2011 database. In order to fulfill this purpose, the variables describing the innovation process included in this database are used to estimate the technical efficiency of the EU27 Member States as well as Croatia, Iceland, Norway, Switzerland and Turkey.Thus the efficiency of the decision making units represented by National Innovation Systems is estimated using a nonparametri c frontier model: data envelopment analysis (DEA). Statistical inference for DEA estimators is based on bootstrap, a very well- known resampling method. Ranking the countries provide an interesting insight into the innovation system classification

Systematic review of the efficacy of Aripiprazole for the treatment of anorexia nervosa

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The irrigation system in Brăila – a farmer economic focused approach

In the present context marked by ever increasing global climate changes, the use of irrigations in agriculture represents not only an option but more and more a necessity for ensuring a higher yield of agricultural products whose demand increases every year based on population growth. The present paper focuses on the specific elements of the irrigation systems from Brăila County, the way the farmers have access to and the different implications derived by using these systems. The paper turns to quantitative analysis of available statistical data and qualitative analysis of the interviews with local farmers focused on economic efficiency of the water used for irrigations. 

RESEARCHES CONCERNING IMPROVING METHODS OF IN VITRO MICROTUBERS PRODUCTION

Five genotypes of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) were induced to form microtubers under two in vitro culture conditions (continuos darkness and light). Cultures maintained under continuos darkness (with a temperatue of 170C) had a higher yield with a greater number of microtuber (1.394/plantlet) than those maintained under long days (16 h of light/day) combined with temperature of 200C. In the last case the microtubers were higher, with with the highest average weight of 0.602 g. Three phytohormones it was used: coumarine, benzylaminopurine and salicylic acid. Regarding the average number of microtubers obtained when it was used coumarine and salicylic acid, the highest average number of microtubers was recorded (1,135 microtubers/plantlet).  The study had been performed also on two fractions of the of sugar quantity (80 and 140 g/l), but they had less influence compared to the varieties

Agriculture role in social-economic resilience to major economic crises in Romania

The objective of this analysis is to investigate the capacity of agriculture to actively contribute to reducing vulnerabilities and the degree of exposure of Romania’s economy to shocks caused by major economic crises. The role of agriculture, as economic and social resilience factor, is analyzed from the perspective of primary sector contribution to the attenuation of shock and to the recovery following the economic-financial crisis that started in 2008. The primary sector contribution to counterbalancing the negative effects on GDP and labour employment generated by the recent economic crisis, by increasing the turnover in agriculture and reasserting the role of occupational outlet, in the conditions of shortage on the labour market, represent a few arguments in favour of the assertion that Romania’s agriculture is a system with relatively high resilience to shocks and at the same time a supplier of economic and social resilience for the entire economy