Méthodes d'évaluation économique du patrimoine naturel maritime : application à l'écosystème de la baie du Mont-Saint-Michel

Cc rapport présente les résultats des travaux réa lisés dans le cadre du stage de formation post-doctoral effectué entre septembre 2001 ct février 2003 au sein du Service d'Économie Maritime (SEM) de l' Ifremer par Rémi Mongruel, sous la responsabilité d'Olivier Thébaud et Régis Kalaydjian. L'objectif de ce post-doctorat était d'apporter une contribution à la réflexion du Service d'Économie Maritime sur les méthodes d'évaluation économique du patrimoine naturel maritime en vue d' une application aux écosystèmes côtiers. Le cahier des charges prévoyait à la fois l'examen théorique de ces questions à partir d'une synthèse bibliographique, et la participation aux programmes dans lequel le SEM était engagé, au gré de l'adéquation des problématiques de ces programmes avec le thème du post-doctorat

ECONOMIE POLITIQUE DE LA RENTE GENEREE PAR L'EXPLOITATION INDUSTRIELLE ET COMMERCIALE D'UNE RESSOURCE NATURELLE RENOUVELABLE (LES FILIERES EUROPEENNES DU THON TROPICAL)

RENNES-Agrocampus-Bibl. Linné (352382308) / SudocMONTPELLIER-SupAgro La Gaillarde (341722306) / SudocSudocFranceF

Slipper Skippers and Absentee Landlord: Examining Social and Economic Implications of Resource Privatisation

"Slipper skippers", "absentee landlord" or "absentee ownership", "fleet separation policy"... All these expressions describe a single feature: the separation between two economic functions, ownership (who gets the right to access the resource) and production (who exerts the right). This issue is considered as highly sensitive in several places, such as Canada and USA. In these countries, most fisheries are managed under an "owner / operator" clause because of social pressure. In other places, such as New Zealand, the separation of the two functions is often promoted, because it is considered as a way of improving wealth generation. And in Iceland, this separation occurs as a result of the implementation of specific management systems (ITQ), although it may not have been always originally planned. After exploring the design of management systems that may induce the separation between ownership and production functions, the paper discusses the arguments that are developed by proponents and opponents of the phenomenon. By doing so, it aims at clarifying what the issue at stake really is, and what the associated costs and benefits for the society are. This review of arguments from both sides suggests that although discussions mainly focus on rent distribution or rent capture issues, within the fisheries sector, there may also be some other broader implications regarding social welfare. It also suggests that specific fisheries setting (e.g. capital-intensive vs. labour-intensive fishing operations) and macroeconomic conditions (e.g. level of unemployment) may play an important role in examining the net societal effects of the phenomenon

A systematic review of socio-economic assessments in support of coastal zone management (1992-2011)

Cooperation between the social and natural sciences has become essential in order to encompass all the dimensions of coastal zone management. Socio-economic approaches are increasingly recommended to complement integrated assessment in support of these initiatives. A systematic review of the academic literature was carried out in order to analyze the main types of socio-economic assessments used to inform the coastal zone management process as well as their effectiveness. A corpus of 1682 articles published between 1992 and 2011 was identified by means of the representative coverage approach, from which 170 were selected by applying inclusion/exclusion criteria and then classified using a content analysis methodology. The percentage of articles that mention the use of socio-economic assessment in support of coastal zone management initiatives is increasing but remains relatively low. The review examines the links between the issues addressed by integrated assessments and the chosen analytical frameworks as well as the various economic assessment methods which are used in the successive steps of the coastal zone management process. The results show that i) analytical frameworks such as 'risk and vulnerability', 'DPSIR', 'valuation', 'ecosystem services' and 'preferences' are likely to lead to effective integration of social sciences in coastal zone management research while 'integration', 'sustainability' and 'participation' remain difficult to operationalize, ii) risk assessments are insufficiently implemented in developing countries, and iii) indicator systems in support of multi-criteria analyses could be used during more stages of the coastal zone management process. Finally, it is suggested that improved collaboration between science and management would require that scientists currently involved in coastal zone management processes further educate themselves in integrated assessment approaches and participatory methodologies