1 research outputs found
Estudio evaluativo-comparativo acerca de una intervenci贸n grupal a madres con hijos prematuros del Hospital San jos茅, en relaci贸n al v铆nculo temprano materno-infantil, desde la teor铆a del apego.
Tesis (Licenciado en Psicolog铆a)La presente investigaci贸n tuvo por finalidad dise帽ar e implementar una
intervenci贸n dirigida a madres de reci茅n nacidos prematuros. El objetivo de la
investigaci贸n es la contribuci贸n a trav茅s de la intervenci贸n del fortalecimiento del
v铆nculo de la pareja madre-beb茅.
La poblaci贸n se constituy贸 con madres -entre 16 y 35 a帽os-que durante el
segundo semestre del 2003 dieron a luz a sus hijos de manera prematura. Para
fines de nuestra investigaci贸n se escogi贸 una muestra de diez madres del Hospital
San Jos茅, las que en primera instancia atravesaron por un proceso de evaluaci贸n
que const贸 de la aplicaci贸n de instrumentos de diversa 铆ndole entrevista de
despistaje (PERI), entrevista de fantas铆as, Pauta de apego en adultos (P.8.1.
Posteriormente, se dividi贸 la muestra en un grupo control y uno experimental. Este
煤ltimo fue escogido para participar en el taller dise帽ado por las investigadoras,
cuyo objetivo principal consisti贸 en entregarles herramientas a las madres para
que pudiesen establecer un apego m谩s seguro y confiable con sus hijos,
impartiendo contenidos -madre suficientemente buena, beb茅 imaginario y real,
mentalizaci贸n, sinton铆a afectiva, reverie, etc. y generando un ambiente de
contenci贸n donde tuviesen la oportunidad de desplegar sus ansiedades y temores.
La metodolog铆a empleada para evaluar a ambos grupos una vez terminada la
intervenci贸n, consisti贸 en la observaci贸n de las d铆adas en su ambiente natural.
Dicho procedimiento se llev贸 a cabo una vez a la semana durante un mes, con
una duraci贸n de una hora por visita -de acuerdo al modelo propuesto por la
cl铆nica Tavistock, Londres-. Posteriormente, se sistematiz贸 lo observado en una
pauta de perfil de la observaci贸n del v铆nculo madre-beb茅.
Esta pauta fue utilizada para poder comparar a ambos grupos despu茅s de
haber realizado la intervenci贸n.
Los resultados confirman la efectividad de la realizaci贸n de una
intervenci贸n temprana en d铆adas, generando aportes en el establecimiento de un
apego m谩s seguro en la pareja madre-beb茅.The objective of this study is to design and implement an intervention aimed at
mothers with prematura new-bom babies. Moreover, this intervention will
contribute to strengthen the link between the mother and her child.
The group studied was constituted by mothers between the ages of 16 and 35
years, who had given birth to a prematura child during the last six months of the
year 2003. For the purposes of this study, a test-group of ten mothers from the
Hospital San Jos茅 was chosen. These mothers underwent, in the first instance, a
period of evaluation where diverse tools were applied, such as interviews to make
sure that there were no pathologies associated (PERI), fantasy interviews and a
Parental Bonding lnstrument (PBI). The samples were then divided into two
groups, a control group and an experimental group. This latter group was chosen
to participate in the workshop designad by the research team. The main objective
of this workshop was to provide the mothers with tools to furthen strengthen their
relation with the new-bom child. This could be done using the following tools:
explaining to the mothers the concepts of sufficiently good mother, imaginad baby
and real baby, mentalization, affective syntony, reverie, etc., as well as by
generating an atmosphere of contension where the mothers could express their
anxieties and fears.
The methodology used to evaluate both groups once finalised the intervention
was to observe the interaction between mothers and their newbom babies in their
natural environment. Such a procedure took place once a week during one month.
The duration of the visit was of one hour, using the time-frame proposed by the
Tavistock Clinic in London. Further to this, the observations were recordad in a
profile guideline of the mother-baby link. These guidelines were used to analyse
and compare both groups after the intervention had taken place. The results
confirm the effectiveness of carrying out this intervention at an early stage with
mothers and their newbom babies in order to contribute to the strengthening and
securing of mother-child ties