Leadership and Work Attitude: A Symbiosis Relationship that Shape Organization Performance

The term leadership tends to conjure in our minds picture of great military commanders such as General Patton,stirring politicians and statesmen such as Winston Churchill, or charismatic leaders of national movements suchas Gandhi. But while people such as these were undoubtedly great leaders, they are only the most visible andobvious examples of leadership in action. Infarct, every time a person attempts to get other people to dosomething that the person wants them to do, he or she is functioning as a leader. Seen in this perspective,leadership is exercised in organizations from the chief executive officer right down to the first-level supervisoron the shop floor. Leadership is a core variable in the management of human and material resources withoutwhich organizations or groups may not function effectively. Concepts like mob or crowd simply define anassembly of people without leadership. On the other hand, a situation of anarchy describes a group with apparentleadership disintegration. When an economic venture is undertaken by an organization, with a view tomaximizing economic opportunities, it calls for a person or persons to supervise, direct, control, and co-ordinatethe activities of production and workers co-operation. This example simply points to the role of leadership in anorganization.Keywords: Leaders, Workers, Influence, Symbiosis, Organization, Performance

Skills Acquisition and Entrepreneurship Training for Youth, a Panacea for Unemployment and Nigerian Insecurity

Human resources is a blessing to any nation because of diverse opinions/views that will be shared on issues affecting such nation but when the able bodied youths, educated who are to take over the leadership or governance are unemployed after years of graduation looks frustrating and thus posed as  security challenges to such nation.  Skills acquisition and entrepreneurship training for the youths will serve as succor to ameliorate the high rate of unemployment rather than allowing the youths to roam the street and thereby engage in unwholesome practices to earn a living. In our findings, we explored the recent employment saga in Nigeria, the effect of unemployment and youth vanguard and the consequences of youth unemployment and security challenges.  In conclusion, we advocated that the insecurity in Nigeria as a sectarian violence should be discarded rather it is caused majorly by unemployment. Keywords: Skills acquisition, Entrepreneurship, Youths. Unemployment and Insecurit

Algorithmic Decision-Making Concerns for Software: Non-Functional Requirement Elicitation as a Solution

Reference [1,2] Millions of software are lunched yearly and this software depend on data to produce required output. Personal data privacy and security has been a source of public concern for some time, and is usually interpreted in terms of data obtained from interaction with software. It is difficult to know whether a software system's decisions are fair and what considerations were put in place  in the system's internal decision-making process if the system's decisions are opaque. This has the potential to cause injustice and bias. In addition, a lack of openness may lead to a decrease in user acceptance and happiness. Algorithmic data-driven decision-making systems are becoming more automated, and they've had a lot of success in a lot of different applications. The General Data Protection Regulation of the European Union and other regulations limits algorithmic use of personal data and has fueled the dispute over the right to disclosure. This research adapted a crowd requirements elicitation model to develop a framework for the proper elicitation non-functional requirement. The developed model uses natural language processing integrated into a chatbot and a document extraction strategy since non-functional requirement exist also as government regulations and industrial standards. Proper and comprehensive elicitation of non-functional requirements will give accurate information on how the system performs its required task and such documents are best in terms of openness to the use of data by algorithms to avoid algorithm decision making concerns.   

Bridging the Gap Between Stakeholder and Software Products: A Review of Software Requirement Engineering Techniques

Effective software requirement engineering plays a crucial role in bridging the gap between stakeholders and software products. The success of any software project heavily relies on accurately capturing, analyzing, and documenting stakeholders' needs and expectations. This article provides a comprehensive review of various software requirement engineering techniques that facilitate the alignment of stakeholder requirements with software product development. Software requirements are extracted from a variety of stakeholders, but the decision of "what to develop" is a difficult one. Stakeholders' lack of clarity about what they want makes requirement elicitation a difficult and vital task. It explores the significance of understanding stakeholders' perspectives, discusses popular requirement engineering approaches, and highlights their strengths and limitations. The article concludes by emphasizing the importance of selecting appropriate requirement engineering techniques based on the project's context and offers recommendations for future research in this domain

Contact strength generating algorithm for application in malaria transmission network

Since malaria transmission emanates from mosquito bites, there must be points of contact between human beings and mosquitoes. Two of such points of contacts in the malaria life cycle are when malaria infected mosquitoes bite uninfected human beings, and when uninfected mosquitoes bite infected human beings. This obviously implies that there is an interaction between human beings and mosquitoes, which scientists can capitalize on to build network models for the study of malaria transmission. Assuming the issues of determination of network structure, and evolution of requisite algorithm for generating realistic network are successfully tackled, an important challenge that must be dealt with is the determination of strength of the relationship between these interacting nodes of the network. The aim of this paper is to tackle the issue of strength of relationship in the transmission network

Emerging Computational Strategy for Eradication of Malaria

Even with a lot of efforts by researchers, malaria eradication is yet to become a reality. The link between malaria infected and non-infected human beings, which led to transmission of the disease, is bridged by infected malaria vectors, through blood sucking bites. Such bites take place either in residential homes or public places. Suppose the residential homes are placed under reliable vector control, malaria transmission will still persist unless the public places are taken into consideration. The emerging computational strategy is about leveraging on the interactions between human beings and mosquitoes in public places to build realistic network models with the ultimate aim of applying relevant search techniques to such models, so as to determine the public places which act as reservoir of infected malaria vectors. The overall result will form a key resource for realistic vector control. Hence the idea is to be more proactive and offensive against malaria vectors, by locating the vectors in their hiding places, rather than human beings being located and bitten by the infected vectors. The emerging computational strategy discussed here is part of an ongoing research project in application of computational techniques towards eradication of malaria. This paper documents the result of an initial survey on malaria vector existence in public places

CHALLENGES FACED BY TECHNICAL-SKILL-BASED SMEIS IN DEVELOPING ECONOMIES: INSIGHTS FROM SOUTH-SOUTH NIGERIA

The purpose of this paper was to identify the challenges of technical-skill-based small- and medium-sized entrepreneurs and industrialists (TS-SMEIs) in the South-South region of Nigeria. Adopting a mixed methodology, one hundred ninety-eight TS-SMEIs were surveyed. Over thirty focus group discussions consisting of craftsmen and artisan grouped were held. Like in other climes, SMEIs in South-South Nigeria are beset with many challenges including: inadequate institutional support, poor infrastructure, limited access to finance, low level of technology adoption, and insufficient innovation. However, contrary to previously held positions, TS-SMEIs listed lack of workspace as the most important impediment to their business success. Expanding technopreneurship ecosystem in South-South Nigeria will mean addressing many problems that current and potential TS-SMEIs face. We recommend the: provision of access to affordable financial services; building the technological infrastructure; supporting the entrepreneurial process; and building capacity of the TS-SMEIs. Lastly, this study provides an opportunity to gain insight directly from the voice of the TS-SMEIs in South-South Nigeria themselves, to understand better their needs, and make relevant recommendations for improvements. It is envisaged that this will lead to technology driven development of the region

A methodology framework for bipartite network modeling

The graph-theoretic based studies employing bipartite network approach mostly focus on surveying the statistical properties of the structure and behavior of the network systems under the domain of complex network analysis. They aim to provide the big-picture-view insights of a networked system by looking into the dynamic interaction and relationship among the vertices. Nonetheless, incorporating the features of individual vertex and capturing the dynamic interaction of the heterogeneous local rules governing each of them in the studies is lacking. The methodology in achieving this could hardly be found. Consequently, this study intends to propose a methodology framework that considers the influence of heterogeneous features of each node to the overall network behavior in modeling real-world bipartite network system. The proposed framework consists of three main stages with principal processes detailed in each stage, and three libraries of techniques to guide the modeling activities. It is iterative and process-oriented in nature and allows future network expansion. Two case studies from the domain of communicable disease in epidemiology and habitat suitability in ecology employing this framework are also presented. The results obtained suggest that the methodology could serve as a generic framework in advancing the current state of the art of bipartite network approach

Assessment of the Demographic Burden of Epidemics and Diseases within the African Sub-Region: A Review of Recent Epidemiological Data, Responses, and Resultant Psychosocial Risk Tendencies

Background: Over the past few decades, epidemic outbreaks and disease occurrences have become more frequent and widespread in Africa, posing challenges for poor countries in the region and impacting vulnerable populations. Limited resources, inadequate healthcare infrastructure, socioeconomic inequalities, malnutrition, mass gatherings, and lack of proper sanitation and hygiene contribute to Africa’s high burden of epidemics and infectious diseases such as cholera, measles, monkeypox, Ebola viral disease, and COVID-19. This paper reviewed epidemic outbreaks and diseases transmitted through intimate contact in Africa and their impacts on vulnerable populations. Methods: A narrative review approach was adopted to gather and analyze the relevant literature on epidemic outbreaks in African sub-regions. The review encompassed causes, transmission patterns, demographic impact, community susceptibility, preventive measures, and psychosocial risk-taking behaviors. Results: This study emphasizes the importance of addressing the causes of response lapses and the resulting human, material, and economic losses in the region. Effective preventive measures include disease surveillance, early mitigation strategies, contact tracing, personal protective measures, improved political and public health leadership, and socioeconomic equity. However, the review highlights challenges in implementing these measures effectively due to limited resources, delayed detection, and difficulties in scaling up response solutions. Conclusions: There is a need for a comprehensive approach involving health departments, infrastructure development, and addressing socioeconomic factors.Unfunde