Keep It Simple: A Methodological Discussion of Wage Inequalities in the Spanish Hospitality Industry.

Human capital in hospitality has been widely addressed by applying sophisticated econometric methods. However, for the Spanish case, there was a gap in the analyses as the crucial importance of collective agreements was undervalued. This paper redesigns the conceptualisation of the variables and applies a subsequent new classification to job positions, as it deals with the outliers at different levels of rigorousness. Then, linearised and quantile regressions were run for each case, obtaining an outcome of thirty values for each variable. The analyses and comparisons show the high importance of collective agreements on salaries, the noticeable low values of human capital variables, and provides additional information for the nationality and gender gaps, the latter strikingly high in upper professional categories. Overall, this paper demonstrates the importance of a proper study design to prevent advanced econometric models from falling into bias and it minimises the differences between methods.Partial funding for open access charge: Universidad de Málag

Heterogeneous behavioral patterns influencing the proactive environmental orientation of firms: How does your company look like?

Special Issue: Eco-innovationComponents related to sustainable development such as environmental attitude, eco-innovation or environmental management are considered key variables at the competitive level, which is why it has become urgent to study which factors motivate companies to move towards a more proactive environmental attitude. The identification of different groups in connection with estimates in the inner path model constitutes a critical issue when applying the path modelling methodology. In this paper, we identify groups of firms with similar behaviour (that is, firm segments) using the FIMIX-PLS algorithm. We surveyed and interviewed 135 industrial companies located in the Valencia region of Spain. The results indicate the companies belong to three different groups that are defined by their motivation towards environmental proactivity, namely environmental opponents, environmental driven and environmental trainers .The authors would like to thank the Spanish Economy and Competitiveness Ministry for its support through the research projects (EC02011-27369 & ECO2012-36685), and the Universitat Politecnica de Valencia for its research funding of the project (SP20140647).Segarra Oña, MDV.; Mondejar Jimenez, J.; Peiró Signes, A.; Mondéjar Jiménez, JA. (2015). Heterogeneous behavioral patterns influencing the proactive environmental orientation of firms: How does your company look like?. Innovation: Management, Policy and Practice. 17(1):69-80. doi:10.1080/14479338.2015.1012187S6980171Antonioli, D., Mancinelli, S., & Mazzanti, M. (2013). Is environmental innovation embedded within high-performance organisational changes? 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