Microbial profile of placentas from Tanzanian mothers with adverse pregnancy outcomes and periodontitis

Aim: To investigate microbial profiles in placentas from a population of East African mothers with and without adverse pregnancy outcomes and with regard to their periodontal status. Material and Methods: Thirty-six placentas from pregnant women from Tanzania were classified into three groups according to both pregnancy outcome and the mother's periodontal health. The microbial composition in each group was then compared using 16S rRNA metagenomics. Additionally, placenta specimens were analyzed histologically for chorioamnionitis by a single pathologist blinded to the clinical data. Results: The greatest differences were observed in the group of mothers with periodontitis. The microbial load was low in all three groups of mothers. Periodontitis had a notable influence on the structure of the placental microbiota. Three phyla and 44 genera were associated with periodontitis, whereas only the Tenericutes phylum was associated with the adverse pregnancy variable. Streptococcaceae and Mycoplasmataceae families were associated with both periodontitis and adverse pregnancy outcomes. Finally, although the differences for chorioamnionitis were not significant, this intra-amniotic infection was more frequent in the placentas from mothers with periodontitis

La malaltia periodontal en gestants associada al part preterme

[cat] En els darrers anys, diversos estudis han investigat la possible relació entre la malaltia periodontal en dones embarassades i el part prematur. Una de les dificultats a què s’enfronten aquests estudis és l’heterogeneïtat dels criteris clínics utilitzats per definir la periodontitis. L’objectiu d’aquest estudi transversal era determinar el grau d’associació entre la periodontitis materna i el part prematur segons diferents definicions consensuades de la malaltia periodontal. En un estudi de 146 mares (60 amb parts prematurs i 86 amb parts a terme) a l’Hospital Maternoinfantil Sant Joan de Déu de Barcelona, es va realitzar un examen periodontal als 2 dies posteriors al naixement i es va avaluar la presència de malaltia periodontal utilitzant les principals classificacions clíniques publicades a la literatura. La prevalença de periodontitis va oscil·lar entre el 25,4 i el 52,1%, segons els criteris utilitzats per a la seva definició. Utilitzant els criteris més restrictius, les dones embarassades amb periodontitis presentaven un major risc de part prematur (OR: 7,49; p <0,001) i de ruptura prematura de membranes (OR: 2,49; p = 0,017). Els nadons prematurs nascuts de mares amb periodontitis presentaven una major tendència al baix pes, ajustat a l'edat gestacional (OR: 3,32; p = 0,065). Els nostres resultats suggereixen que l’associació entre periodontitis i part prematur està influenciada per les definicions clíniques de periodontitis utilitzades.[eng] In recent years, several studies have investigated the possible relationship between periodontal disease in pregnant women and preterm birth. One of the difficulties facing these studies is the heterogeneity of the clinical criteria used to define periodontitis. The aim of this cross-sectional study was to determine the degree of association between maternal periodontitis and preterm birth according to different consensus definitions of periodontal disease. In a study of 146 mothers (60 with preterm births and 86 with term deliveries) at the Sant Joan de Déu Maternal and Children’s Hospital in Barcelona, a periodontal examination was carried out within 2 days of birth and the presence of periodontal disease was evaluated using the main clinical classifications published in the literature. The prevalence of periodontitis ranged from 25.4 to 52.1%, depending on the criteria used for its definition. Using the most restrictive criteria, pregnant women with periodontitis had a higher risk of preterm birth (OR: 7.49; p < 0.001) and premature rupture of membranes (OR: 2.49; p = 0.017). Premature infants born to mothers with periodontitis presented a tendency toward low weight, adjusted for gestational age (OR: 3.32; p = 0.065). Our findings suggest that the association between periodontitis and preterm birth is influenced by the clinical definitions of periodontitis used

Do the clinical criteria used to diagnose periodontitis affect the association with prematurity?

In recent years, several studies have examined the possible relationship between periodontal disease in pregnant women and preterm birth. One of the difficulties facing these studies is the heterogeneity of the clinical criteria used to define periodontitis. The aim of this cross-sectional study was to determine the degree of association between maternal periodontitis and preterm birth according to different consensus definitions of periodontal disease. In a study of 146 mothers (60 with preterm births and 86 with term deliveries) at the Sant Joan de Déu Maternal and Children's Hospital in Barcelona, a periodontal examination was carried out within 2 days of birth and the presence of periodontal disease was evaluated using the main clinical classifications published in the literature. The prevalence of periodontitis ranged from 25.4 to 52.1%, depending on the criteria used for its definition. Using the most restrictive criteria, pregnant women with periodontitis had a higher risk of preterm birth (OR: 7.49; p < 0.001) and premature rupture of membranes (OR: 2.49; p = 0.017). Premature infants born to mothers with periodontitis presented a tendency toward low weight, adjusted for gestational age (OR: 3.32; p = 0.065). Our findings suggest that the association between periodontitis and preterm birth is influenced by the definitions of periodontitis used