Propositional and non- propositional functions of /Keda/ in the language of Egyptian film

This thesis explores the pragmatic and syntactic functions of the word /keda/ within a propositional and non-propositonal meaning. It also investigates /keda/within the sentence structure as a propositional meaning and outside the sentence structure as a non-propositional meaning. The analysis of /keda/ is done using a corpus of Egyptian Colloquial Arabic movies. The study uses Wordsmith Tools software to show and analyze the data./Keda/ has different meanings within the sentence structure like ‘this’/’that’, ‘so, ‘in this way’ and other meanings. It has different pragmatic and syntactic functions. When/keda/ is outside the sentence structure, it acts like the discourse markers just, like, sort of or kind of. The findings allow both teachers to better understand and use the word /keda/

Compressive Sampling of Speech Signals

Compressive sampling is an evolving technique that promises to effectively recover a sparsesignal from far fewer measurements than its dimension. The compressive sampling theoryassures almost an exact recovery of a sparse signal if the signal is sensed randomly where thenumber of the measurements taken is proportional to the sparsity level and a log factor of thesignal dimension. Encouraged by this emerging technique, we study the application ofcompressive sampling to speech signals.The speech signal is very dense in its natural domain; however speech residuals obtainedfrom linear prediction analysis of speech are nearly sparse. We apply compressive sampling tospeech signals, not directly but on the speech residuals obtained by conventional and robustlinear prediction techniques. We use a random measurement matrix to acquire the data then use§¤-1 minimization algorithms to recover the data. The recovered residuals are then used tosynthesize the speech signal. It was found that the compressive sampling process successfullyrecovers speech recorded both in clean and noisy environments. We further show that the qualityof the speech resulting from the compressed sampling process can be considerably enhanced byspectrally shaping the error spectrum. The recovered speech quality is said to be of high qualitywith SNR up to 15 dB at a compression factor of 0.4

Utility System Optimization Under Air Quality Considerations

Air pollution is a primary concern, and one of its major contributors is industry. Optimization of emissions from industrial facilities is well established in publications and reports. However, it does not extend beyond the stack or exhaust level i.e., emissions released to the atmosphere. This work aspires to develop and test a methodology to optimize the operational scheme of a utility system considering air quality in the area around the facility by combining Process Design with Air Dispersion Modelling. The concept of this work is to investigate if atmospheric dispersion modeling can be used to improve pollution prevention/control by observing ground level concentration in the surrounding area of the unit at various operating scenarios and in different weather conditions. The methodology has been implemented in MATLAB following the coupling of a simple Gaussian dispersion model with a process model, both supplied with real meteorological and process data. The case study used to test the methodology is a High Pressure Steam (HPS) generation unit. It consists of three identical boilers where the operational strategy is to operate two boilers, and the third is stand-by. The boilers accept two types of fuels: gas and liquid. Two separate optimization goals were studied. The first is to improve air quality in the surrounding area, i.e., minimize the ground level concentration, by changing the operating scheme of the three boilers. The second optimization goal is to reduce the operating costs by optimizing the ratio of the two fuels while keeping the resulting ground level concentration just below the regulations limit. Finally, the methodology allowed to derive and assess the different operational strategies. The first goal improved the overall air quality and reached up to 46% reduction of the maximum concentration exceedances. The second goal proved that facilities can reduce operational costs and still be in compliance with environmental regulations. On the other hand, this cost reduction does lead to a decrease of overall air quality, since the average ground level concentration is increased. In the future, this methodology could be applied to more case studies and at the industrial city level to improve air quality and to assist on more appropriate environmental policies

Quality Distance Education for Early Childhood During the Corona Pandemic: The Perceptions of Female Teachers

The corona (Covid-19) pandemic caused the closure of kindergarten institutions and schools around the world which forced higher authorities to shift focus towards online distance education. The impact of the pandemic was so severe that it affected almost a quarter of the people lives, public health and above all the education sectors. The present study was designed according to the Servqual Model using sample perceptions of early childhood parameters in Saudi Arabia and Jordan utilizing online questionnaires to collect the responses from 157 teachers.  The quality of the online education services provided for primary school children due to Covid-19 suffered greatly as the teachers were not accustomed to the technology of distance learning. The present study recommends the need to explore the research of the high level for primary school children’s study tool where teachers and parents will be able to deal with online platforms effectively. During the present unavoidable crisis, the article presents an easier and equitable platform for every child in the family

Characterization of Ancient Egyptian Wall Paintings, the Excavations of Cairo University at Saqqara

The present study aims at characterizing some Egyptian wall paintings discovered during the excavations of Cairo University (since 1988 and recently in 2005) at Saqqara area in the south of Cairo. There, a number of tombs dating back to the 19th dynasty (c.1293–1185 BC) were discovered. The walls of these tombs are carved with bass and raised reliefs and painted with different colours. The characterization of the wall paintings was done by means of optical microscopy (OM), scanning electron microscopy (backscattered electron mode, BSE) equipped with an energy dispersive X-ray detector (EDS), micro XRF spectrometry (µ-XRF), and X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD). The analysis of the examined samples indicated that the blue pigment is Egyptian blue (Cuprorivaite), the green pigment is Egyptian green, the red pigment is red ochre, and the yellow pigment is a blended layer of yellow ochre and orpiment (As2S3). The results will help in providing an image concerning some painting materials used during the new Kingdom in ancient Egyp

REVIVING THE ANCIENT EGYPTIAN FESTIVALS AS AN AUTHENTIC TOURISM PRODUCT

إحياء المهرجانات المصرية القديمة كمنتج سياحي أصيل [Ar] تعد المهرجانات من المكونات الأساسية لصناعة السياحة نظرا لأهميتها في الترويج للمقصد السياحي وتعزيز صورته، وأصبحت الأصالة من العناصر الرئيسية التي تؤثر بشكل مباشر على التصنيف العالمي للمنطقة المزارة. و بالرغم من تزايد اعداد الباحتين والدراسين لمفهوم الأصالة في السياحة إلا أن تجربة المهرجانات القديمة لم يتم التطرق إليها. استنادا على تلك الفجوة البحثية، تهدف الدراسة إلى إلقاء الضوء علي الأصالة المتحققة من المهرجانات المصرية القديمة عن طريق دراسة نوعية لتحديد كيفية توظيف تلك الأحداث كوسيلة لترويج السياحة في مصر. وجدير بالذكر أن المهرجانات كانت معروفة في مصر منذ العصور القديمة بل ويمكن القول أن كل معبد كان لديه قائمة من الاحتفالات. ورغم ذلك يلاحظ أن أجندة المناسبات الحالية تكاد تخلو من هذه الأحداث، لذا تسعي هذه الدراسة إلى التعرف على العوامل التي تعوق تطور سياحة الأحداث الخاصة من خلال اللقاءات مع عدد من المسؤولين في قطاع السياحة. وطبقا لتصريحاتهم، فإنه بالرغم من إقامة كثير من المناسبات الا أن عدد قليل منها يحقق الهدف المطلوب سواء فيما يتعلق بالتسويق أوالتخطيط الاستراتيجي أوالتمويل وإنه ربما يرجع ذلك إلى إلا افتقاد الإدارة المهنية، فضلا عن أن التقويم الملائم لمابعد الحدث سواء للعوائد الاقتصادية أو الحضور غالبا لايتم. كما سعت الدراسة إلى تحديد مفهوم الأصالة لدى السائحين من خلال دراسة مسحية على عينة من زائرى مهرجان تعامد الشمس بأبوسمبل. وأشارت النتائج إلى أن العينة عبرت عن التجارب الفريدة من نوعها بطرق عديدة، لكن الغالبية اتفقت على أن هذا المهرجان تحديدا كان فريدا. لذا يجب على منظمي الأحداث في مصر الاستفادة من تراثهم العريق وأحياء المناسبات المصرية القديمة لتطوير وتنويع المنتج السياحي. [En] Festivals are one of the essential components of the tourism industry due to their importance in promoting destinations and enhancing the region\u27s image. Authenticity has become one of the main elements that directly affect the classification of the visited country at the global level. Despite the growing number of researchers looking at the concept of authenticity in tourism, the experience of ancient festivals has not yet been investigated.Based on the previously mentioned research gap, the current study aims to shed light on the perceived authenticity of Egyptian ancient festivals via a qualitative study, Ancient festivals could be a conduit to promote tourism in Egypt. Although festivals have been known in Egypt since ancient times, and it can be said that every temple had a list of celebrations, the modern Egyptian calendar is almost devoid of these types of events. This study investigates the factors that hinder the development of special events tourism through interviews with a number of officials in the tourism sector. The study also seeks the perceived authenticity of the Egyptian ancient festivals via a qualitative study about the visitors to the Sun Festival. According to the declarations of tourism officials, despite a large number of festivals very few events were engaged in goal setting, marketing, strategic planning, and structured fund-raising ventures- this may be due to the lack of managerial experience. Moreover, proper evaluations of attendance and economic consequences were frequently unavailable. The results of the study indicated that attendees felt differently about their experiences in many ways, but the majority agreed that the event was authentic. Event Planners in Egypt should take advantage of their ancient historical roots and use them to develop and diversify touristic product offerings

A Contemporary Aesthetic View of Digital Decorative Designs

تمثلت مشكلة البحث بالتساؤل التالي "هل يمكن التزاوج بين اللوحة الرقميّة واللوحة الزخرفية التعليمية في استحداث أعمال معاصرة؟) في حين هدف البحث الحالي إلى الكشف عن التصميمات الزخرفية الرقميّة المعاصرة عبر حدود البحث الموضوعية المتمثلة بالزخرفة النباتية في ضوء التقنيات الرقمية للمدة من 2017 – 2021م من الفنانين العاملين في مجال الزخرفة في العالم الإسلامي في (العراق-وسوريا) في حين تكون الفصل الثاني من مبحثين تضمن المبحث الأول " الزخرفة العربيّة مفهومها ومراحل تطورها"، أما المبحث الثاني فتمثل بـ"تقنيات التصميم الرقمي الزخرفي" في حين تكون الفصل الثالث من إجراءات البحث مجتمع البحث الذي (50) شكلاّ وقد اخترت عينة البحث بشكل قصدي عبر المنهج الوصفي التحليلي وبنسبة10% وقد أصبحت (5) نماذج. أما الفصل الرابع فتمثل بنتائج البحث وأهمها : ساهمت التقنيات الرقميّة بنتائج البحث تشكيلات وأهمها ساهمت التقنيات الرقمية بإنتاج تشكيلات مختلفة ومتعددة داخل الشكل الواحد ضمن إطار اللوحة أما الاستنتاجات فتتمثل بأن التعدد في التقنية الرقمية والأسلوب حققت للفنان السيطرة على الجهد والوقت الذي يبذله في إنتاج اللوحة التقليدية. وقد أوصت الباحثة الاستفادة من نتائج وتوصيات في إنتاج لوحات رقمية واقترحت الباحثة بإجراء دراسة مكملة (قراءة جمالية للتكوينات الخطية المعالجة رقمياً..).The research problem was represented by the following question: Is it possible to merge between digital painting and traditional decorative painting in creating contemporary works ?,  while the current research aimed to reveal contemporary digital decorative designs through the objective research boundaries represented by plant decoration in the light of digital technologies for the period (2010-2020)  by the working artists in the field of beauty of decoration in the Islamic world. While the second chapter was divided into two sections, the first one included "Arabic decoration, its concept and stages of development", while the second section was represented by "Digital Decorative Design Techniques". While the third chapter tackled with the research procedures, the research community, which consisted of (50) forms, the research sample was chosen intentionally and through the descriptive analytical approach at a rate of (60%) and it became (5) models. As for the fourth chapter, it represented the results of the research, the most important of which are: Digital techniques contributed to the production of various and multiple formations within the same shape within the framework of the painting. The conclusions are: The multiplicity of digital technology and style helps the artist to control the effort and time he spends in producing the traditional painting. The researcher recommended making use of the research results to produce digital paintings, and the researcher suggested a complementary study (An aesthetic reading of the digitally processed linear formations)

Dynamic Capabilities and Expansion Opportunities in a Development Context: A Firm-level Perspective

Firms are the engine of economic development. Extant literature shows that firms are heterogeneous in learning and capability building, and more so in their growth orientation and strategic capabilities to sense and exploit opportunities. Using the dynamic capabilities approach, particularly the framework set out by Teece (2007, 2012, 2014, 2019), this study examines how firms address expansion opportunities of scale and scope in Egypt’s development context. Employing an inductive theory building from cases method (Eisenhardt, 1989; Eisenhardt & Graebner, 2007), findings show that firms’ differential behaviour concerns three areas: action orientation, learning, and engaging with uncertainty. Based on three influential theories of psychology: the approach-avoidance theory, the goal orientation theory, and the attachment theory, the thesis advances four propositions. The first proposition aims to disentangle dynamic capabilities from the willingness to act under uncertainty. Dynamic capabilities are concerned more with what makes the action effective. The second proposition introduces a new construct, ‘belief-enhanced capabilities’, to help distinguish dynamic from ‘practice-enhanced’ operational capabilities. The third proposition identifies the belief in knowing, as opposed to a belief in possessing knowledge, as an important factor that drives deliberate and effective learning. The fourth proposition identifies the belief in exploring, as opposed to a belief in controlling, as an important factor that drives extensive exploration of novel alternatives. The advanced argument is that those two beliefs (in knowing and exploring) represent antecedents of dynamic capabilities. The thesis concludes by identifying four belief-based behavioural profiles that arguably explain decision-makers’ differential attitudes in addressing expansion opportunities in a development context. This profiling helps set the stage for designing policy interventions that encompass a behavioural dimension

Challenges and Prospects of Implementing ISO 9001:2015 in Lebanese Higher Education Institutions

Over the past three decades, the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) has been promoting and advocating the standardization of quality management systems and their requirements for almost all of the technology and business fields. Recently, ISO has been expanding its activities into other topics related to social and environmental policy. ISO 9001 is one of the most well-known and widely implemented international standards of quality. Since its first inception in 1987, ISO 9001 has been modified four times in order to cover a wider variety of sectors. Through its evolution till 2015, ISO 9001 has been considered as a standard that may be suitable to meet higher educational organizations needs and requirements. Consequently, a significant number of higher education institutions induced the confidence of their stakeholders by implementing ISO 9001 into their systems. However, the contribution of the Lebanese educational institutions is still limited and exclusive to a small number of universities. The aim of this paper is to investigate the challenges of implementing ISO 9001:2015 into the Lebanese higher education institutions, shed the light on the importance of having its compliance to the quality management system requirements, and propose a solution to address these challenges. Keywords: ISO 9001:2015, higher education institutions, quality management systems, standards.