State and Crafts in the Qing Dynasty (1644-1911)

This book, full of quantitative evidence and limited-circulation archives, details manufacturing and the beginnings of industrialisation in China from 1644 to 1911. It thoroughly examines the interior organisation of public craft production and the complementary activities of the private sector. It offers detailed knowledge of shipbuilding and printing. Moreover, it contributes to the research of labour history and the rise of capitalism in China through its examination of living conditions, working conditions, and wages

State and Crafts in the Qing Dynasty (1644-1911)

This book, full of quantitative evidence and limited-circulation archives, details manufacturing and the beginnings of industrialisation in China from 1644 to 1911. It thoroughly examines the interior organisation of public craft production and the complementary activities of the private sector. It offers detailed knowledge of shipbuilding and printing. Moreover, it contributes to the research of labour history and the rise of capitalism in China through its examination of living conditions, working conditions, and wages

Wages, prices, and living standards in China, 1738-1925: in comparison with Europe, Japan, and India

The paper develops data on the history of wages and prices in Beijing, Canton, Suzhou/Shanghai in China from the eighteenth century to the twentieth and compare them with leading cities in Europe, Japan and India in terms of nominal wages, the cost of living, and the standard of living. In the eighteenth century, the real income of building workers in Asia was similar to that of workers in the backward parts of Europe but far behind that in the leading economies in northwestern Europe. Real wages declined in China in the eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries and rose slowly in the late nineteenth and early twentieth with little cumulative change for two hundred years. The income disparities of the early twentieth century were due to long run stagnation in China combined with industrialization in Japan and Europe.

Trisha Brown et J.S. Bach : Pour une offrande qui ne soit pas un sacrifice

En une sorte de pas de deux entre musique et danse, le double regard d’une musicienne musicologue et d’une danseuse analyste du geste va tenter de soulever ici les enjeux esthétiques d’un dialogue rare, celui d’une chorégraphe contemporaine, Trisha Brown, avec le compositeur Jean-Sébastien Bach. Ce dialogue nous le reprenons à notre compte avec une volonté de théorisation. Ce travail conjoint qui peut aller de l’échange à la dispute au sens étymologique du terme confrontera les problématiques et les outils d’analyse de chaque champ disciplinaire afin de faire émerger les diverses modalités de relations entre musique et danse, en particulier du point de vue de l’écoute et de l’écriture, au sein de M.O. (Musical Offering).A musician-musicologist and a dancer specializing in the analysis of gesture propose a dual perspective of music and dance that addresses esthetic issues encountered in an uncommon dialogue between contemporary choreographer Trisha Brown and composer J.S. Bach. This dialogue becomes for us a field of theoretical investigation, a pas de deux where we willingly exchange and dispute, etymologically speaking, the respective modes of analysis, tools and frameworks specific to our disciplines. Ultimately, we seek to reveal the distinctive relations between music and dance, specifically about listening and musical writing, found within M.O. (Musical Offering)

Braunvieh: Wie viel Kreuzung erträgt die Zucht?

Viele Schweizer Milchviehbetriebe bringen mehr Original-Braunvieh-Blut in ihre Braunviehherden. Ziel ist es vor allem, die Robustheit der Tiere zu verbessern. Etwas tiefere Milchleistungen nehmen die Züchterinnen und Züchter dafür in Kauf. Eine vom FiBL angeregte Studie legt nun den Schluss nahe, dass man, statt einzukreuzen, genauso gut auf reine Original-Braunvieh-Tiere setzen kann

Beyond silence: protocol for a randomized parallel-group trial comparing two approaches to workplace mental health education for healthcare employees

© 2015 Moll et al.; licensee BioMed Central. Background: Mental illness is a significant and growing problem in Canadian healthcare organizations, leading to tremendous personal, social and financial costs for individuals, their colleagues, their employers and their patients. Early and appropriate intervention is needed, but unfortunately, few workers get the help that they need in a timely way due to barriers related to poor mental health literacy, stigma, and inadequate access to mental health services. Workplace education and training is one promising approach to early identification and support for workers who are struggling. Little is known, however, about what approach is most effective, particularly in the context of healthcare work. The purpose of this study is to compare the impact of a customized, contact-based education approach with standard mental health literacy training on the mental health knowledge, stigmatized beliefs and help-seeking/help-outreach behaviors of healthcare employees. Methods/Design: A multi-centre, randomized, two-group parallel group trial design will be adopted. Two hundred healthcare employees will be randomly assigned to one of two educational interventions: Beyond Silence, a peer-led program customized to the healthcare workplace, and Mental Health First Aid, a standardized literacy based training program. Pre, post and 3-month follow-up surveys will track changes in knowledge (mental health literacy), attitudes towards mental illness, and help-seeking/help-outreach behavior. An intent-to-treat, repeated measures analysis will be conducted to compare changes in the two groups over time in terms of the primary outcome of behavior change. Linear regression modeling will be used to explore the extent to which knowledge, and attitudes predict behavior change. Qualitative interviews with participants and leaders will also be conducted to examine process and implementation of the programs. Discussion: This is one of the first experimental studies to compare outcomes of standard mental health literacy training to an intervention with an added anti-stigma component (using best-practices of contact-based education). Study findings will inform recommendations for designing workplace mental health education to promote early intervention for employees with mental health issues in the context of healthcare work. Trial registration: May 2014 - ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT02158871

ΔNp73, A Dominant-Negative Inhibitor of Wild-type p53 and TAp73, Is Up-regulated in Human Tumors

p73 has significant homology to p53. However, tumor-associated up-regulation of p73 and genetic data from human tumors and p73-deficient mice exclude a classical Knudson-type tumor suppressor role. We report that the human TP73 gene generates an NH2 terminally truncated isoform. ΔNp73 derives from an alternative promoter in intron 3 and lacks the transactivation domain of full-length TAp73. ΔNp73 is frequently overexpressed in a variety of human cancers, but not in normal tissues. ΔNp73 acts as a potent transdominant inhibitor of wild-type p53 and transactivation-competent TAp73. ΔNp73 efficiently counteracts transactivation function, apoptosis, and growth suppression mediated by wild-type p53 and TAp73, and confers drug resistance to wild-type p53 harboring tumor cells. Conversely, down-regulation of endogenous ΔNp73 levels by antisense methods alleviates its suppressive action and enhances p53- and TAp73-mediated apoptosis. ΔNp73 is complexed with wild-type p53, as demonstrated by coimmunoprecipitation from cultured cells and primary tumors. Thus, ΔNp73 mediates a novel inactivation mechanism of p53 and TAp73 via a dominant-negative family network. Deregulated expression of ΔNp73 can bestow oncogenic activity upon the TP73 gene by functionally inactivating the suppressor action of p53 and TAp73. This trait might be selected for in human cancers