Changes in abundance and distribution of the Barents Sea long rough dab, hippoglossoides platessoides (Fabricius) during the period 1980- 1992

Abundance and biomass of long rough dab in tha Barents Sea and adjacent waters were assessed from bottom trawl survey data from research surveys by Norway and Russia, during the period 1980- 1992. Although there was no directed fishery for this species, with only a 1000-6000 ton bycatch by the Russian fleet, the population abundance and biomass were reduced by 50% of the long term average during 1986 to 1988. Subsequently the population began to increase to pre-1985 levels. We suggest that these fluctuations reflect changes in availability of the population to the survey gear, however the mechanism responsible is not clear

Long rough dab (Hippoglossoides platessoides) of the Barents Sea and Svalbard area: ecology and resource evaluation

Based on data from Norwegian and Russian bottom trawl surveys in the years 1988-1993, the paper considers distribution, population structure, growth and reproduction of long rough dab (Hippoglossoides platessoides) of the Barents Sea. Based on effort statistics from the commercial fleet and data from commercial trawlers hired or inspected by Norwegian authorities, the paper also gives a preliminary evaluation of the resource potential. Long rough dab was the most abundant flatfish at moderate depth in the Barents Sea and the abundance increased during the period 1988-1993, particularly in the outer part of the distribution area. This increase in abundance and distribution area was probably largely caused by the very strong 1986 year class. Eastern, northern and shallow areas were dominated by relatively small fish. Spawning occurred over wide areas, but the fishes in the northern part may to some extent have migrated to spawning grounds further south. Males reached 50% maturation at age 5 and females at age 10. The growth rates of males and females were almost linear and not very different for age groups less than 10. Mortality was higher for males and nearly all fish older than 10 years were female. The results indicated that growth rate for the very strong 1986 year class was density dependent. The estimated total biomass of long rough dab in the Barents Sea increased from 70 000 metric tons in 1988 to more than 200 000 tons in 1993. The bycatch of long rough dab in the Norwegian fisheries was estimated to less than 1000 tons. The total catch of long rough dab in the Barents Sea was probably less than 0.2 % of the standing biomass. Although the precision of these estimates are low, there seems to be a considerable potential for biologically safe exploitation of this resource

Digitalization of the Residential Mortgage Market in Crisis Conditions: Main Factors and Drivers of Development

The industrialization of the residential mortgage market during the pandemic has undergone significant changes, like all sectors of the economy, including the banking system. During the transformation, a positive dynamics has been noted in the volume of loans, which contradicts the usual scenarios for the behavior of the mortgage market in the period of the unstable macroeconomic situation in recent years. The crises of 2008 and 2014 showed the vulnerability of the banking system and the market for residential mortgage market, the lack of timely measures to prevent drastic consequences for the banks and the state. At the moment, it is important to understand what drivers triggered the growth in the volume of residential mortgage. The research analyzed the reasons that had a key impact on the mortgage market and the banking sector during the covid-19 pandemic. As a result of the study, the main factors that help to draw up directions and digital algorithms for further development have been highlighted and classified