Seashell specialties and food handling in Slovene Istria restaurants

The purpose of the research was to evaluate the offer of seashell specialties in Slovene Istria restaurants, and to assess food safety knowledge (gained through formal and informal education) as well as to assess the behaviour of food handlers in preparing shell dishes. A self-administered questionnaire was designed that included four sections: a demographic section, a general section, a restaurant menu offer, and a food safety section related to preparation of seashell specialties. Seashell specialties were offered in 41 restaurants, of which the employed food handlers 24 attended formal education and 17 informal education. Seashells specialties and seashell menus are commonly part of the culinary and gastronomic specialties along the Slovene coast, with the most frequently offered main dish being “Blue Mussels alla Busara”. Results the questionnaire indicated poor food safety knowledge and poor behaviour regardless of the (in)formal education of those who prepared the dishes. We propose that formal education for catering workers preparing shell dishes should be much more emphasized

Interactions between person\u27s cognition, food and biological processes over multidisciplinary intervention

The aim of the present study was to explore interactions between food, cognition and biological processes in relation to health. Therefore, we assessenergy intake, total fat, protein and carbohydrate intake and negative cognition about body image and inflammation biomarkers over 6-month multidisciplinary intervention. The participants were evaluated at baseline and after the 6-month of intervention. 33 overweight and 33 obese adults completed a 6-month intervention trial to evaluate the effects of an individual dietary programme based on individual\u27s resting metabolic rate on anthropometry, metabolic profile, and inflammation. Pearson\u27s correlations were performed to investigate the possible associations between reductions in obesity, inflammation, dietary intakes with decrease in body dissatisfaction. Furthermore, hierarchical multiple regression analyses revealed that relative changes in obesity indicators accounted for 23% of the variation in reduction of inflammation biomarker C- reactive protein, changes in composition of diet 13% of variation and changes in negative cognition explained an additional 8% of the variation in inflammation level of CRP. Together the independent variables accounted for 44% of the variance in inflammation level of CRP. The important findings of the present study were that reduction in carbohydrate intake and increase in protein intake in diet, with more positive cognition about body image,significantly predicted a reduction in level of inflammation biomarker, measured with CRP. Changes in energy intake and total fat intake and physical activity did not predicted reduction of inflammation

Terminologija klinične prehrane: Motnje prehranjenosti in s prehranjenostjo povezana stanja

Izhodišča: Prehransko stanje posameznika uvrščamo med ključne dejavnike njegovega zdravja. Za učinkovito individualno in multidisciplinarno obravnavo stanj, povezanih s prehranskim stanjem posameznika, moramo dobro poznati terminologijo klinične prehrane. Ker je klinična prehrana kot medicinska stroka razvita tudi pri nas, v tujini pa so tovrstni terminološki dokumenti že na voljo, želimo tudi v Sloveniji na podlagi konsenza oblikovati enotno terminologijo. Metode: Prispevek je osnovan na podlagi eksplicitnega terminološkega dogovora. K sodelovanju smo povabili obsežno skupino relevantnih slovenskih strokovnjakov s kliničnih, predkliničnih in drugih področij, ki so povezana z dejavnostjo klinične prehrane v medicini, pri oblikovanju pa je sodeloval tudi terminolog s področja medicine. Kot izhodišče smo izbrali terminološke smernice Evropskega združenja za klinično prehrano in presnovo ter ob njih upoštevali najnovejša strokovna priporočila za posamezne pojme. Avtorji so bili v stiku prek osebnih srečanj in elektronske pošte. Pri končnem oblikovanju konsenza je sodelovalo 42 avtorjev iz 19 slovenskih ustanov. Rezultati: Predstavljamo temeljne pojme, terminološke definicije in pripadajoče slovenske termine s področja klinične prehrane. Opredelili smo osnovne motnje prehranjenosti – podhranjenost, prekomerno hranjenost, neravnovesje mikrohranil in sindrom ponovnega hranjenja. Poleg tega smo opredelili tudi s prehranjenostjo povezana stanja – sarkopenijo in krhkost. Osnovne pojme smo podprli s kliničnim kontekstom, v katerem nastopajo. Zaključki: Poenoteno razumevanje osnovnih patoloških stanj, ki jih obravnava klinična prehrana, je izhodišče za nadaljnji razvoj stroke, poleg tega pa je podlaga tudi za prehransko obravnavo in učinkovito prehransko oskrbo

Terminologija klinične prehrane: Prehranska obravnava – presejanje prehranske ogroženosti in prehranski pregled

Izhodišča: Pomembno vlogo pri prehranski obravnavi imata tako presejanje prehranske ogroženosti kot prehranski pregled, na podlagi katerega lahko postavimo diagnozo motnje prehranjenosti ali s prehranjenostjo povezane motnje. Ocena posameznikovega prehranskega stanja, ki jo pridobimo s prehransko obravnavo, je namreč ključna za načrtovanje učinkovite prehranske oskrbe. Za razvoj področja je pomembno, da so vsi termini, ki se uporabljajo pri kliničnem delu, usklajeni. Taki terminološki dokumenti v mednarodnem prostoru že obstajajo, smiselni pa so tudi za slovenščino in naše okolje. Metode: Prispevek temelji na eksplicitnem terminološkem dogovoru skupine 42 relevantnih slovenskih strokovnjakov iz 19 slovenskih ustanov. Osnova oblikovanja terminoloških smernic je terminološki dokument Evropskega združenja za klinično prehrano in presnovo, pri čemer so bili upoštevani tudi novejši izsledki klinične prehrane. Rezultati: Predstavljeni so slovenski termini in terminološke definicije s področja klinične prehrane. Opredeljeni so osnovni pojmi s področja prehranske obravnave, ki je praviloma del medicinske obravnave. Predstavljena sta pojma prehranska ogroženost in presejanje prehranske ogroženosti, ob čemer so navedeni tudi različni presejalni testi za presejanje prehranskih motenj in s prehranjenostjo povezanih stanj. Podrobno so opredeljeni tudi prehranski pregled in njegovi sestavni deli. Zaključki: Tako presejanje prehranske ogroženosti kot prehranski pregled sta bistvena za diagnostično obravnavo v okviru klinične prehrane, poenoteno razumevanje terminologije pa omogoča primerno prepoznavo patoloških stanj pri bolnikih in pripravo ustreznega načrta prehranskih ukrepov

Evaluation of hikers’ pro-environmental behaviour in Triglav National Park, Slovenia. eco.mont (Journal on Protected Mountain Areas Research)|eco.mont Vol. 5 No. 1 5 1|

To evaluate the pro-environmental behaviour of visitors in the Alps, we surveyed 100hikers on two hiking trails in Triglav National Park (NP) in Slovenia during the 2010and 2012 summer seasons. We collected demographic data on hikers and examined1) pro-environmental behaviour at home, 2) willingness to pay for environmentallyfriendly goods and services, and 3) enrolment in environmental education and involvementin conservation projects. We identified 13 significant correlations betweenpro-environmental behaviour questions and demographically based hikers’ groups.Level of education and enrolment in environmental educational activities predictedpro-environmental behaviour and attitudes toward conservation. Our results showthat visitors who hike in Triglav NP come in pairs or with friends, value nature, andare prepared to pay more for goods with eco-labels and services from environmentallyresponsible suppliers. Only 36,7% have enrolled in an educational programme,training, workshop or activity. The majority of respondents choose the location fortheir vacation based on an area’s nature preservation characteristics. We discussthe factors that influence hikers’ pro-environmental behaviour and investigate therelationship between level of education and hikers’ pro-environmental behaviour athome. We also examine the importance of nature preservation characteristics in hikers’choice of vacation destination. Finally, this research provides valuable data forunderstanding hikers’ behaviour and suggestions for managers of protected areas tocreate tourism offers that are more educational and environmentally friendly

Parents’ perspective on probiotics in preschool children: A cross-sectional survey

The composition of the human gut microbiota, which can also be regulated by the consumption of probiotics, has a significant impact on host health. The main source of probiotics can be foods such as fermented foods, yogurts, fermented drinks and/or probiotic supplements. While parents play a critical role in ensuring the well-being of their children, this cross-sectional study is focused on parents’ perspectives regarding the use of probiotics in the preschool period