519 research outputs found
Alfven Wave-Driven Supernova Explosion
We investigate the role of Alfven waves in the core-collapse supernova (SN)
explosion. We assume that Alfven waves are generated by convections inside a
proto-neutron star (PNS) and emitted from its surface. Then these waves
propagate outwards, dissipate via nonlinear processes, and heat up matter
around a stalled prompt shock. To quantitatively assess the importance of this
process for the revival of the stalled shock, we perform 1D time-dependent
hydrodynamical simulations, taking into account the heating via the dissipation
of Alfven waves that propagate radially outwards along open flux tubes. We show
that the shock revival occurs if the surface field strength is larger than
~2e15 G and if the amplitude of velocity fluctuation at the PNS surface is
larger than 20% of the local sound speed. Interestingly, the Alfven wave
mechanism is self-regulating in the sense that the explosion energy is not very
sensitive to the surface field strength and initial amplitude of Alfven waves
as long as they are larger than the threshold values given above.Comment: 7 pages, 3 figures embedded, submitted to Ap
Numerical Simulations of Equatorially-Asymmetric Magnetized Supernovae: Formation of Magnetars and Their Kicks
A series of numerical simulations on magnetorotational core-collapse
supernovae are carried out. Dipole-like configurations which are offset
northward are assumed for the initially strong magnetic fields together with
rapid differential rotations. Aims of our study are to investigate effects of
the offset magnetic field on magnetar kicks and on supernova dynamics. Note
that we study a regime where the proto-neutron star formed after collapse has a
large magnetic field strength approaching that of a ``magnetar'', a highly
magnetized slowly rotating neutron star. As a result, equatorially-asymmetric
explosions occur with a formation of the bipolar jets. Resultant magnetar's
kick velocities are km s. We find that the acceleration
is mainly due to the magnetic pressure while the somewhat weaker magnetic
tension works toward the opposite direction, which is due to stronger magnetic
field in the northern hemisphere. Noted that observations of magnetar's proper
motions are very scarce, our results supply a prediction for future
observations. Namely, magnetars possibly have large kick velocities, several
hundred km s, as ordinary neutron stars do, and in an extreme case they
could have those up to 1000 km s.Comment: 36 pages, 9 figures, accepted by the Astrophysical Journa
Material fragmentation as dissipative process of micro rotation sequence formation: Hybrid model of excitable cellular automata
The authors have developed a multi-level model of energy propagation along interfaces between the various structural elements of a solid with taking into account mutual energy transformations of various kinds. They have also designed a computer simulation tool based on the excitable cellular automaton (ECA) method. An algorithm for calculating the local moments of forces has been developed for the case of material rotation and torsion. The relationship for the accumulated elastic energy is supplemented with a dissipation term. Numerical experiments have been carried out on high-energy impact on polycrystalline copper specimens with different grain sizes. The paper shows that during the nanostructuring of material surface layer, the dissipation of elastic energy gives rise to the rotation of structural elements. This makes it possible to prevent the occurrence of stress concentrators with peak values typical of coarse-grained specimens and reducing their mechanical properties
Influence of stress concentrator shape and testing temperature on impact fracture regularities of pipeline steel
The structure and impact toughness of the pipeline 17Mn1Si steel have been studied. The main attention was paid to the analysis of various conditions of stress concentration under dynamic loadings. The process of strain localization with increasing stress state stiffness at the tip of the concentrator with decreasing testing temperature was investigated. Impact loading diagrams for specimens with various stress concentrator shapes were registered and analyzed
Influence of stress concentrator shape and testing temperature on impact fracture regularities of pipeline steel
The structure and impact toughness of the pipeline 17Mn1Si steel have been studied. The main attention was paid to the analysis of various conditions of stress concentration under dynamic loadings. The process of strain localization with increasing stress state stiffness at the tip of the concentrator with decreasing testing temperature was investigated. Impact loading diagrams for specimens with various stress concentrator shapes were registered and analyzed
Influence of porosity on the deformation behaviour of systems with nanostructured thermal barier coatings
Based on the principal concepts of physical mesomechanics that take into account reversible structural-phase transformations in the rotational-wave flows at the interfaces, a new modification of the multilevel discrete-continuous method of excitable cellular automata (ECA) has been developed. The new modification explicitly takes into account the porosity and the nanocrystalline structure. Also, algorithms for calculating the local moments of forces and the angular velocities of microrotations arising in a structurally heterogeneous medium have been implemented. The model has been complemented by the dissipation conditions expressed for mechanical energy flows. On the basis of the method of excitable cellular automata, some numerical experiments on thermal loading of three-layered compositions with the intermediate layers of different structures have been carried out. It is shown that nanostructuring of the intermediate sublayer and the introduction of nanoporosity gives rise to a positive effect on the relaxation ability of thermal barrier coatings
V. V. Lapin, A. I. Miller (Eds.). (2021). Simvolicheskie aspekty politiki pamiati v sovremennoi Rossii i vostochnoi Evrope [Symbolic aspects of the politics of memory in modern Russia and Eastern Europe]. EUSP Press
Received 25 August 2022. Published online 10 October 2022.This review is an abridged and revised version of Rusakova O. F., Gribovod E. G., & Moiseenko Y. Yu. (2022). Diskurs politiki pamiati: Issledovaniia simvolicheskikh aspektov [Discourse on the politics of memory: Studies of symbolic aspects]. Discourse-P, 19(2), pp. 154β171. https://doi.org/10.17506/18179568_2022_19_2_154Review of the book by V. V. Lapin, A. I. Miller (Eds.). (2021). Symbolic aspects of the politics of memory in modern Russia and Eastern Europe]. EUSP Press.This work was supported by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research under Grant No. 21-011-43023 βThe official discourse of Russian politics of memory concerning the Soviet past: interpretation strategies, actors and commemorative practices.
ΠΠΠΠ’ΠΠ§ΠΠΠ― ΠΠΠΠ£ΠΠΠΠ― Π ΠΠΠΠ¦ΠΠ― ΠΠ Π ΠΠΠ’ΠΠ‘Π’ΠΠΠΠ₯ Π ΠΠΠΠ¬Π¨ΠΠ Π‘ΠΠΠ¬ΠΠΠΠ ΠΠ Π Π ΠΠΠ Π―ΠΠ§ΠΠΠΠΠ
Introduction. Ovarian cancer is characterized by complex diagnostics and flow forecasting, which makes it important to search for prognostic criteria. However, the prognostic significance of some factors has not yet been studied.The purpose of the study: to identify the features of immune response in the localization of metastases in the large omentum in ovarian cancer.Tasks: to reveal the pathomorphological features of the cellular immune response to metastases in the large omentum in patients with ovarian cancer IIβIII stages; to conduct histomorphometry of elements of the immune system in the area of metastases.Material and methods. The study was carried out on the biomaterial of the large omentum of 94 women with ovarian cancer IIβIII stage. The measurements were carried out on paraffin sections stained with hematoxylin and eosin and included evaluation of the following parameters: the number of lymphocytes in the field of view at the border and away from the tumor, the continuity of the lymphocyte shaft at the border with the tumor, the number of neutrophils on the border with the tumor, the presence of plasmocytes on the border with tumor. The preparations were studied and photographed under a microscope with a microscope-microvision mVizo-103 and a microscope Micromed 3.The results. Observed 94 patients with stage IIβIII ovarian cancer. Over the three-year follow-up period, the disease-free survival rate was 79.8%. A total of 64 patients with stage III disease were observed. A recurrence-free survival rate among patients with stage III ovarian cancer was 74.32%. Without relapse during the follow-up period, those patients were found whose lymphocytes formed a continuous shaft at the border with the tumor, their number in the field of view Γ200 was 400 or more, the plasmocytes were present in the composition of the shaft, and the neutrophils were absent or few.The conclusion. A detailed histological study to quantify and qualitatively determine the severity of lymphoid elements of the large omentum allowed an indirect assessment of the state of the immune system and the probability of an unfavorable outcome in patients with ovarian neoplasia.Β ΠΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅. Π Π°ΠΊ ΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ² ΠΎΡΠ»ΠΈΡΠ°Π΅ΡΡΡ Π·Π°ΡΡΡΠ΄Π½Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ Π΄ΠΈΠ°Π³Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ³Π½ΠΎΠ·ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ, ΡΡΠΎ Π΄Π΅Π»Π°Π΅Ρ Π°ΠΊΡΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΠΈΡΠΊ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ³Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ΅Π². ΠΠ΄Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ³Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ΅ Π·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π½Π΅ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΡ
ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ² Π΄ΠΎ ΡΠΈΡ
ΠΏΠΎΡ Π½Π΅ ΠΈΠ·ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΎ.Π¦Π΅Π»Ρ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ: Π²ΡΡΠ²ΠΈΡΡ ΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΊΠ»Π΅ΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠΌΠΌΡΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ΅Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΈ Π² ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠ°Ρ
Π»ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ² Π² Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊ ΠΏΡΠΈ ΡΠ°ΠΊΠ΅ ΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ².ΠΠ°Π΄Π°ΡΠΈ: Π²ΡΡΠ²ΠΈΡΡ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΎΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΈΠΌΠΌΡΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ΅Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΈ Π½Π° ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ°Π·Ρ Π² Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΎΠΌ ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠ΅ Ρ Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠΌ ΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ² IIβIII ΡΡΠ°Π΄ΠΈΠΉ; ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΡΠΈ Π³ΠΈΡΡΠΎΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡ ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ² ΠΈΠΌΠΌΡΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ Π² ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°ΡΡΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ².ΠΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π» ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Ρ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ. ΠΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π»ΡΡ Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊ 94 ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠ½ Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠΌ ΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ² IIβIII ΡΡΠ°Π΄ΠΈΠΉ. ΠΠ·ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ»ΠΈΡΡ Π½Π° ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ²ΡΡ
ΡΡΠ΅Π·Π°Ρ
, ΠΎΠΊΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
Π³Π΅ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΠ»ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΌ ΠΈ ΡΠΎΠ·ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΌ, ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ²Π°Π»ΠΈ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΡ: ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²ΠΎ Π»ΠΈΠΌΡΠΎΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ² Π² ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π΅ Π·ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π½Π° Π³ΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅ ΠΈ Π½Π° ΡΠ΄Π°Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΎΡ ΠΎΠΏΡΡ
ΠΎΠ»ΠΈ, Π½Π΅ΠΏΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ Π»ΠΈΠΌΡΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π²Π°Π»Π° Π½Π° Π³ΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅ Ρ ΠΎΠΏΡΡ
ΠΎΠ»ΡΡ, ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²ΠΎ Π½Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ»ΠΎΠ² Π½Π° Π³ΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅ Ρ ΠΎΠΏΡΡ
ΠΎΠ»ΡΡ, Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΠ»Π°Π·ΠΌΠΎΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ² Π½Π° Π³ΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅ Ρ ΠΎΠΏΡΡ
ΠΎΠ»ΡΡ. ΠΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ»ΡΡ ΠΌΠΈΠΊΡΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠΏ-ΠΌΠΈΠΊΡΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΡ mVizo-103 ΠΈ ΠΌΠΈΠΊΡΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠΏ Β«ΠΠΈΠΊΡΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π΄ 3Β».Π Π΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ ΠΈ ΠΈΡ
ΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅. ΠΠ°Π±Π»ΡΠ΄Π°Π»ΠΈΡΡ 94 Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠΌ ΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ² IIβIII ΡΡΠ°Π΄ΠΈΠΉ. ΠΠ° ΡΡΠ΅Ρ
Π»Π΅ΡΠ½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΎΠ΄ Π½Π°Π±Π»ΡΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π±Π΅Π·ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ΄ΠΈΠ²Π½Π°Ρ Π²ΡΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅ΠΌΠΎΡΡΡ ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²ΠΈΠ»Π° 79,8%. ΠΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎ Π½Π°Π±Π»ΡΠ΄Π°Π»ΠΎΡΡ 64 Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
Ρ III ΡΡΠ°Π΄ΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ Π·Π°Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ. ΠΠ΅Π·ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ΄ΠΈΠ²Π½Π°Ρ Π²ΡΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅ΠΌΠΎΡΡΡ ΡΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΈ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠΊ Ρ III ΡΡΠ°Π΄ΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ ΡΠ°ΠΊΠ° ΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ² ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²ΠΈΠ»Π° 74,32%. ΠΠ΅Π· ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ΄ΠΈΠ²Π° Π·Π° Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ Π½Π°Π±Π»ΡΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π½Π°Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ»ΠΈΡΡ ΡΠ΅ Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅, Ρ ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΡ
Π»ΠΈΠΌΡΠΎΡΠΈΡΡ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ²ΡΠ²Π°Π»ΠΈ Π½Π΅ΠΏΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π½ΡΠΉ Π²Π°Π» Π½Π° Π³ΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅ Ρ ΠΎΠΏΡΡ
ΠΎΠ»ΡΡ, ΠΈΡ
ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²ΠΎ Π² ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π΅ Π·ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Γ200 ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²Π»ΡΠ»ΠΎ 400 ΠΈ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅, Π² ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²Π΅ Π²Π°Π»Π° ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π»ΠΈΡΡ ΠΏΠ»Π°Π·ΠΌΠΎΡΠΈΡΡ, Π° Π½Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ»Ρ ΠΎΡΡΡΡΡΡΠ²ΠΎΠ²Π°Π»ΠΈ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π½Π΅ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ»Π΅Π½Π½Ρ.ΠΠ°ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅: Π³ΠΈΡΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ΅ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠ° ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ»ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎ ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡΡ ΡΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈΠΌΠΌΡΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ ΠΈ Π²Π΅ΡΠΎΡΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ Π½Π΅Π±Π»Π°Π³ΠΎΠΏΡΠΈΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈΡΡ
ΠΎΠ΄Π° Ρ Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
Ρ Π½Π΅ΠΎΠΏΠ»Π°Π·ΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ ΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ².
Benzene and toluene in the surface air of northern Eurasia from TROICA-12 campaign along the Trans-Siberian Railway
Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) were measured by proton transfer
reaction mass spectrometry (PTR-MS) on a mobile laboratory in a
transcontinental TROICA-12 (21 Julyβ4 August 2008) campaign along
the Trans-Siberian Railway from Moscow to Vladivostok. Surface concentrations
of benzene (C6H6) and toluene (C7H8) along with
non-methane hydrocarbons (NMHCs), CO, O3, SO2, NO, NO2 and
meteorology are analyzed in this study to identify the main sources of
benzene and toluene along the Trans-Siberian Railway. The most measurements
in the TROICA-12 campaign were conducted under low-wind/stagnant conditions
in moderately (ββΌββ―78β―% of measurements) to weakly polluted
(ββΌββ―20β―% of measurements) air directly affected by regional
anthropogenic sources adjacent to the railway. Only 2β―% of measurements
were identified as characteristic of highly polluted urban atmosphere.
Maximum values of benzene and toluene during the campaign reached 36.5
and 45.6β―ppb, respectively, which is significantly less than their
short-term exposure limits (94 and 159β―ppb for benzene and toluene, respectively). About 90β―% of benzene and 65β―% of toluene content is
attributed to motor vehicle transport and 10 and 20β―%, respectively,
provided by the other local- and regional-scale sources. The highest average
concentrations of benzene and toluene are measured in the industrial regions
of the European Russia (up to 0.3 and 0.4β―ppb for benzene and toluene,
respectively) and south Siberia (up to 0.2 and 0.4β―ppb for benzene and
toluene, respectively). Total contribution of benzene and toluene to
photochemical ozone production along the Trans-Siberian Railway is about
16β―% compared to the most abundant organic VOC β isoprene. This
contribution, however, is found to be substantially higher (up to 60β70β―%)
in urbanized areas along the railway, suggesting an important role of
anthropogenic pollutant sources in regional ozone photochemistry and air
quality
- β¦