Data on emerging sulfur dioxide in the emission of natural gas heater in winter

Natural gas is a kind of fuel that is used in various heating systems for combustion processes. Combustion of natural gas produce such air pollutants as CO2, NOx, SOx, PM, CO, and HC. During cold days, total gas consumption in Iran goes up. Thus, in these days it is likely to make some changes in gas properties that can affect the emissions from gas heaters. Portable flue gas analyzer (LANCOM III) was used for, SO2, NOX, and CXHY measurement from December 2012 to April 2013. Data show that emissions of pollutants from the gas heater were different during the cold seasons. On colder days, total gas consumption in the country increased, SO2 emerged in heater stack, and the concentration of hydrocarbons (CXHY) significantly increased as well. This emergence could be attributed to the changes in gas properties in the colder days. In these days, the transient flow and high changes of speed and pressure in the gas pipes could lead to release of some deposited sulfur in gas flow. Therefore, sulfur dioxide will be generated in the combustion process. Keywords: Natural gas heater, Air pollution, SO2, Cold day

Effect of fluoride in drinking water on birth height and weight : An ecological study in Kerman Province, Zarand county, Iran

The present study evaluated the association between maternal exposures to drinking water fluoride and birth height and weight in 35 villages and towns in Zarand county, in Iran. Birth height and weight data on 492 infants born during 2013 were obtained from Zarand Central Hospital records. Results from the Pearson’s correlation test showed that there is a nearly strong positive correlation between the babies’ height and the drinking water fluoride (R2=0.479, r=0.69, p<0.001) and a mild positive correlation between the birth weight and the drinking water fluoride (R2=0.196, r=0.44, p<0.001). We found that exposure to fluoride at concentrations higher than the WHO drinking water guideline of a “desirable” upper limit of 1.5 mg/L was not associated with lower birth height and weight and that lower birth height and weight were observed with lower drinking water fluoride concentrations. Because of the importance of this issue, it is reasonable to conduct more studies

Effect of fluoride in drinking water on birth height and weight : An ecological study in Kerman Province, Zarand county, Iran

The present study evaluated the association between maternal exposures to drinking water fluoride and birth height and weight in 35 villages and towns in Zarand county, in Iran. Birth height and weight data on 492 infants born during 2013 were obtained from Zarand Central Hospital records. Results from the Pearson’s correlation test showed that there is a nearly strong positive correlation between the babies’ height and the drinking water fluoride (R2=0.479, r=0.69, p<0.001) and a mild positive correlation between the birth weight and the drinking water fluoride (R2=0.196, r=0.44, p<0.001). We found that exposure to fluoride at concentrations higher than the WHO drinking water guideline of a “desirable” upper limit of 1.5 mg/L was not associated with lower birth height and weight and that lower birth height and weight were observed with lower drinking water fluoride concentrations. Because of the importance of this issue, it is reasonable to conduct more studies

Survey of Solid Waste and Wastewater Separate and Combined Management Strategies in Rural Areas of Iran

Background and Purpose: Improper wastewater and solid waste management in rural areas could be a risk to human health and environment pollution. One percent of Iran&rsquo;s rural area is connected to the wastewater collection network. Solid waste management in rural areas of Iran is mainly consisted uncontrolled dumping and open burning. The aim of this study is prioritization of wastewater and solid waste separate and combined management strategies in rural areas of Iran. Materials and Methods: This was a descriptive study. In this study, firstly were determined appropriate and conventional methods for wastewater and solid waste separate and combined management by using national and case studies. Then, using specified criteria and by applying a weighting system, prioritization was conducted and implementation strategies presented for wastewater and solid waste separate and combined management. Results: The first priority for the collection and treatment, wastewater in rural areas are smalldiameter gravity systems and preliminary treatment with complementary treatment by land, respectively. In order to the rural solid waste management, organic compost complementary systems were in first priority. In the wastewater and solid waste combined management, the first priority was compost and biogas production by combining anaerobic UASB reactor and Chinese biogas. Conclusion: Considering for influence of various factors in selecting an appropriate method is very important in order to wastewater and solid waste separate and the combined management of a rural. Therefore, the accordance of presenting strategy with local conditions and facilities should be taken into consideration