Nuclear kinetic energy spectra of D_2^+ in intense laser field: Beyond Born Oppenheimer approximation

Simultaneously, the vibrational nuclear dynamics and full dimensional electronic dynamics of the deuterium molecular ion exposed to the linear polarized intense laser field are studied. The time dependent Schr\"odinger equation of the aligned D2+ with the electric laser field is solved for the simulation of the complicated dissociative ionization processes and compared with the recent related experimental results. In this work, the R-dependent ionization rate and the enhanced ionization phenomenon beyond the Born-Oppenheimer approximation (BOA) are introduced and calculated. The substructure of the nuclear kinetic energy release spectra are revealed as the Coulomb explosion energy spectra and dissociation energy spectra in the dissociation-ionization channel. The significant and trace of these distinct sub-spectra in the total spectra comparatively are displayed and discussed.Comment: 17 pages, 4 figure

Reassessment of the invasion history of two species of Cakile (Brassicaceae) in Australia

In this paper we revisit the invasion history of two species of Cakile in Australia. Cakile edentula subsp. edentula arrived in the mid 19th Century and spread into coastal strandline habitat from the southeast towards the west and to the north; Cakile maritima arrived in the late 19th Century and has replaced Cakile edentula over much of the range. While Cakile edentula is morphologically quite uniform, the great variation within Cakile maritima has confused field ecologists. Using herbarium records we update previous accounts of the spread of the species and report on field surveys that determined their current geographic overlap in Tasmania and in northern New South Wales/southern Queensland. We examine regional morphological variation within Cakile maritima using the national herbaria collections and variation within new population samples. We support previous interpretations that Cakile maritima has been introduced on more than one occasion from morphologically distinct races, resulting in regional variation within Australia and high variability within populations in the south-east. Western Australian populations appear distinct and probably did not initiate those in the east; we consider that eastern populations are likely to be a mix of Cakile maritima subsp. maritima from the Mediterranean and Cakile maritima subsp. integrifolia from Atlantic Europe. Although introgression from Cakile edentula into Cakile maritima cannot be discounted from our results, it is not required to explain the levels of variation in the latter species observed in Australia. Cakile maritima continues to spread southwards in Tasmania and northwards in NSW; in Queenland, a recent occurrence has proliferated in Moreton Bay, spreading slowly to the north but not appreciably southwards

Work and Heat Value of Bound Entanglement

Entanglement has recently been recognized as an energy resource which can outperform classical resources if decoherence is relatively low. Multi-atom entangled states can mutate irreversibly to so called bound entangled (BE) states under noise. Resource value of BE states in information applications has been under critical study and a few cases where they can be useful have been identified. We explore the energetic value of typical BE states. Maximal work extraction is determined in terms of ergotropy. Since the BE states are non-thermal, extracting heat from them is less obvious. We compare single and repeated interaction schemes to operationally define and harvest heat from BE states. BE and free entangled (FE) states are compared in terms of their ergotropy and maximal heat values. Distinct roles of distillability in work and heat values of FE and BE states are pointed out. Decoherence effects in dynamics of ergotropy and mutation of FE states into BE states are examined to clarify significance of the work value of BE states. Thermometry of distillability of entanglement using micromaser cavity is proposed.Comment: 22 pages, 10 figure

Rapid Implementation Of ERP Financials Into The Curriculum: A Success Story

Most academic institutions wish to provide current, up to date and real world software applications to their students and this causes a number of common difficulties.  This is especially true as those applications become far larger and more complex, such as in Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) systems, more recently referred to as Enterprise Systems.  The authors’ institution has a degree program in accounting information systems, and the authors believed that it was critical that ERP skills and applications be included in order to maintain the stature of the program.  Although difficulties were expected, the authors nonetheless pursued various classroom ERP alternatives.  This paper reports on those efforts, which culminated in the creation and offering of an ERP financial applications class in a six month time period.  It is believed that such information will provide encouragement and useful information to other institutions that are considering such implementations

Financial stability, target inflation as a monetary rule and concepts of money policy: Implications for the optimal analysis

In this article, basing on offensive lecturing research articles of famous authors on financial instability and monetary policy, we propose as aim of this paper to discuss the controversial rule vs. discretion in monetary policy and the new institutional framework of inflation targeting as a remedy for inflationary pressures after the cause of the intermediate target of monetary anchors and exchange rate policy, since the year 70's of the last Century. To do this, we treated a literature review in the field, assigning the work of various economists thus handling of monetary policy favors the discretion/rule to the new inflation target strategy in 90's and  2000. We put particular emphasis on the second step of this paper on the possibility of inflation targeting as an anti-inflationary objective defended for its main defendants.Keywords: monetary policy, rule, discretion, financial instability, inflation targeting. JEL Classification: E42, E43, E52, E58

Internet Based Oracle Financial Training: A Success Story

Most academic institutions wish to provide current, up to date and real world software applications to their students and this causes a number of common difficulties. This is especially true as those applications become far larger and more complex, such as Enterprise Systems. The authors’ institution has a degree program in accounting information systems, and the authors believed that it was critical that ERP skills and applications be included in order to maintain the stature of the program. Although difficulties were expected, the authors nonetheless pursued various classroom ERP alternatives. This paper reports on those efforts particularly the adoption of internet based training rather than the traditional computer lab in the creation and offering of an ERP financial applications class. It was quickly determined that avoiding a dedicated computer lab option will result in substantial saving in additional hardware expenditure. Creating an online classroom forum for sharing of ideas and information is another component of internet based training course. “Caucus” a proprietary online software developed by our university allows faculty and students share their comments, questions, comments and suggestions with one another on broad basis. It is believed that such information will provide encouragement and useful information to other institutions that are considering such implementations