Enhancing similarity distances using mandatory and optional forearly fault detection

Software Product Line (SPL) describes procedures, techniques, and tools in software engineering by using a common method of production for producing a group of software systems that identical from a shared set of software assets. In SPL, the similarity-based prioritization can resemble combinatorial interaction testing in scalable and efficient way by choosing and prioritize configurations that most dissimilar. However, the similarity distances in SPL still not so much cover the basic detail of feature models which are the notations. Plus, the configurations always have been prioritized based on domain knowledge but not much attention has been paid to feature model notations. In this paper, we proposed the usage of mandatory and optional notations for similarity distances. The objective is to improve the average percentage of faults detected (APFD). We investigate four different distances and make modifications on the distances to increase APFD value. These modifications are the inclusion of mandatory and optional notations with the similarity distances. The results are the APFD values for all the similarity distances including the original and modified similarity distances. Overall, the results shown that by subtracting the optional notation value can increase the APFD by 3.71% from the original similarity distance

Presumed tuberculous keratopathy: a rare presentation of “serpiginious-like” keratic precipitates in a unilateral anterior uveitis case

A 43-year-old lady with no underlying medical illness was referred for chronic recurrent unilateral anterior uveitis. She had no previous ocular trauma or surgical intervention to the eye. Upon presentation, she was found to have unilateral anterior uveitis with a very unusual “serpiginious-like” pattern of keratic precipitate. Initial investigations revealed no infective cause and patient was commenced on topical and oral steroids. Unfortunately, her ocular symptoms worsened and developed steroid induced glaucoma. A repeat infective screening revealed positive results for tuberculosis. Patient has since responded very well to treatment with antitubercular agents with complete resolution of the inflammation and good visual recovery. In this case report, we wish to emphasize that ocular tuberculosis presentation is highly variable and in such cases its best to employ a high index of suspicion to initiate the right treatment timely. An infective etiology should promptly be suspected in patients who are not showing response to topical or systemic steroids. Even in an immunosuppressed state, ocular tuberculosis may remain unilateral throughout the course of the disease, as seen in the patient. Injudicious use of steroid can make a simple anterior granulomatous uveitis progress to florid granulomatous uveitis with confluent keratic precipitates

Automated Seed-Based Region Growing Using The Moving K-Means Clustering For The Detection Of Mammographic Microcalcifications.

Mammography is by far the proven method of early detection of breast cancer. However, mammography is not without its problems. It is amongst the most difficult of radiological images to interpret as the images are of low contrast and features indicative of abnormalities are very subtle and minute. In this study, a new method of automated edge detection technique is proposed to detect the abnormalities in a region of interest in a mammogram

Transformation of Generalized Chebyshev Lowpass Filter Prototype to Suspended Stripline Structure Highpass Filter for Wideband Communication Systems

This paper presents the transformation of generalized Chebyshev lowpass filter prototype to highpass filter using Suspended Stripline Structure (SSS) technology. The study involves circuit analysis to determine generalized Chebyshev responses with a transmission zero at finite frequency. The transformation of the highpass filter from the lowpass filter prototype provides a cutoff frequency of 3.1 GHz with a return loss better than -20 dB. The design is simulated on a Roger Duroid RO4350 with a dielectric constant, εr of 3.48 and a thickness of 0.168 mm. The simulation performance results show promising results that could be further examined during the experimental works. This class of generalized Chebyshev highpass filter with finite transmission zero would be useful in any RF/ microwave communication systems particularly in wideband applications where the reduction of overall physical volume and weight as well as cost very important, while maintaining its excellent performance

Design of Generalized Chebyshev Lowpass Filter with Defected Stripline Structure (DSS)

This paper presents the design of generalized Chebyshev lowpass filter (LPF) and integrated with Defected Stripline Structure (DSS) using Suspended Stripline Structure (SSS). The study involves circuit analysis to determine generalized Chebyshev responses with a transmission zero at finite frequency in order to produce a reduced number of elements values of prototype circuit. The LPF provides a cut-off frequency at 6 GHz with a return loss better than -19 dB, while the DSS exhibits a notch at frequency of 3.2 GHz with a stopband response better than -40 dB. Thus, the integrated LPF and DSS will produce lowpass and band reject response simultaneously. The design is implemented on a Roger Duroid RO4350 with a thickness of 0.168 mm and dielectric constant, εr of 3.48. The simulation performance results show promising results that could be proved in the experiment works. This new class of integrated LPF and DSS would be useful in any RF/ microwave communication systems particularly in wideband applications where the reduction of overall physical volume, weight and cost is critical to maintaining its good performance

Test case prioritization approaches in regression testing: A systematic literature review

Context Software quality can be assured by going through software testing process. However, software testing phase is an expensive process as it consumes a longer time. By scheduling test cases execution order through a prioritization approach, software testing efficiency can be improved especially during regression testing. Objective It is a notable step to be taken in constructing important software testing environment so that a system's commercial value can increase. The main idea of this review is to examine and classify the current test case prioritization approaches based on the articulated research questions. Method Set of search keywords with appropriate repositories were utilized to extract most important studies that fulfill all the criteria defined and classified under journal, conference paper, symposiums and workshops categories. 69 primary studies were nominated from the review strategy. Results There were 40 journal articles, 21 conference papers, three workshop articles, and five symposium articles collected from the primary studies. As for the result, it can be said that TCP approaches are still broadly open for improvements. Each approach in TCP has specified potential values, advantages, and limitation. Additionally, we found that variations in the starting point of TCP process among the approaches provide a different timeline and benefit to project manager to choose which approaches suite with the project schedule and available resources. Conclusion Test case prioritization has already been considerably discussed in the software testing domain. However, it is commonly learned that there are quite a number of existing prioritization techniques that can still be improved especially in data used and execution process for each approach

Adopting the Appropriate Performance Measures for Soft Computing-based Estimation by Analogy

Soft Computing based estimation by analogy is a lucrative research domain for the software engineering research community. There are a considerable number of models proposed in this research area. Therefore, researchers are of interest to compare the models to identify the best one for software development effort estimation. This research showed that most of the studies used mean magnitude of relative error (MMRE) and percentage of prediction (PRED) for the comparison of their estimation models. Still, it was also found in this study that there are quite a number of criticisms done on accuracy statistics like MMRE and PRED by renowned authors. It was found that MMRE is an unbalanced, biased, and inappropriate performance measure for identifying the best among competing estimation models. The accuracy statistics, e.g., MMRE and PRED, are still adopted in the evaluation criteria by the domain researchers, stating the reason for “widely used,” which is not a valid reason. This research study identified that, since there is no practical solution provided so far, which could replace MMRE and PRED, the researchers are adopting these measures. The approach of partitioning the large dataset into subsamples was tried in this paper using estimation by analogy (EBA) model. One small and one large dataset were considered for it, such as Desharnais and ISBSG release 11. The ISBSG dataset is a large dataset concerning Desharnais. The ISBSG dataset was partitioned into subsamples. The results suggested that when the large datasets are partitioned, the MMRE produces the same or nearly the same results, which it produces for the small dataset. It is observed that the MMRE can be trusted as a performance metric if the large datasets are partitioned into subsamples

Asymmetric fiber taper for narrow linewidth comb filter

The employment of asymmetric optical fiber taper as a means for producing narrow linewidth comb filter is proposed and demonstrated. Fiber taper with different values set for the up-taper and down-taper transition regions was used to produce narrow linewidth comb filter through coupling interaction of light in the asymmetric fiber. Two configurations; single-pass and bidirectional fiber taper filters were studied and analyzed in this project. Results showed narrower 3-dB linewidth for asymmetric taper compared with uniform taper for single pass configuration. The asymmetric taper linewidth was improved further in bidirectional configuration, narrowing down to 2 nm. Bidirectional asymmetric taper filter recorded extinction ratio of 27.14 dB, which was 18 dB and 3 dB better than single-pass asymmetric taper and bidirectional uniform taper respectively. The findings emphasize the attractiveness of bidirectional asymmetric taper as a high performance optical filter

Adaptive control simulation for multiagent autonomous underwater cleaning robot

The purpose of this research is to develop an adaptive control system for multiagent autonomous underwater cleaning robots that can handle problems that occur due to large areas of underwater environment cleaning operations, single robot challenges, and ineffective tactics that could cause a system failure. Therefore, the purpose of the research is to develop an adaptive control system for multiagent autonomous underwater cleaning robots that can be used to handle difficulties such as underwater environment cleanliness, single robot issues, and avoiding ineffective approaches that might cause system failure. This research used the MATLAB and Simulink tools to create an adaptive control system and simulate the designed controller with various unknown parameters and disturbances. The results demonstrate the adaptivity, adjustability, and stability of the multiagent underwater cleaning robot’s adaptive control system to cope with the underwater environment’s situations such water current using simulation

Стент на стенте: установка двойных мягких J-образных стентов в мочеточниковый стент Memokath-051TM при двусторонней стриктуре мочеточника после лучевой терапии распространенного рака предстательной железы

Narrowing of ureter can be due to malignant or benign causes. Temporary double-J (DJ) stents, various metallic stent designs, or definitive corrective surgery can be the options management for ureteric stricture. As an alternative from DJ stents, Memokath-051TM (MMK-051TM) can be inserted in strictured ureters post radiotherapy for advanced prostate cancer patients. We present a case of an advanced prostate cancer which bilateral DJ Stents placed within MMK-051TM. A 76-year-old man with underlying hormone sensitive advanced prostate cancer completed radiotherapy. Post radiotherapy he developed bilateral ureteric strictures  and bilateral DJ stents  inserted.  He had to underwent multiple change of stents due to blockage. Patient had MMK-051TM inserted, however complicated with blockage due to encrustation. Improvisation method done by putting the bilateral DJ stents within the MMK-051TM. Patient had no more blockage of MMK-051TM after the placement of DJ stents within it. However, patient succumbed to death a year after the last procedure. Our case report highlighted encrustation of metallic ureteric stents and a novel approach to overcome this problem. Introduction  of additional DJ stents  not only reduced the incidence of MMK-051TM blockage but also improved the quality of life of the patient.Причинами сужения мочеточника  могут быть как злокачественные новообразования, так и доброкачественные процессы. Для лечения стриктуры мочеточника применяют временные двойные J-образные стенты, металлические стенты различных дизайнов, реконструктивные операции. В качестве альтернативы двойным J-образным стентам после лучевой терапии у пациентов с распространенным раком предстательной железы при сужении мочеточника устанавливают стент Memokath-051TM (MMK-051TM). Мы представляем клинический случай распространенного рака предстательной железы, при котором двусторонние двойные J-образные стенты были установлены внутри стента MMK-051TM.Мужчине 76 лет с распространенным гормоночувствительным раком предстательной железы проведен курс лучевой терапии, после которого развились двусторонние стриктуры мочеточника. Пациенту были установлены двусторонние двойные J-образные стенты. Он перенес многочисленные замены стентов по причине блокады. Пациенту был установлен стент MMK-051TM, однако у него развилось осложнение в форме блокады в результате инкрустации. В стент  MMK-051TM были установлены двойные J-образные стенты, после чего пациент перестал испытывать блокаду. Однако пациент скончался от рака предстательной железы через год после операции. В данном описании  клинического случая мы подчеркиваем важность инкрустации металлических мочеточниковых стентов и предлагаем подход к решению этой проблемы. Установка дополнительных двойных J-образных стентов не только снизила частоту блокады стента MMK-051TM, но и улучшила качество жизни пациента