An eco-friendly dyeing of woolen yarn by Terminalia chebula extract with evaluations of kinetic and adsorption characteristics

In the present study Terminalia chebula was used as an eco-friendly natural colorant for sustainable textile coloration of woolen yarn with primary emphasis on thermodynamic and kinetic adsorption aspects of dyeing processes. Polyphenols and ellagitannins are the main coloring components of the dye extract. Assessment of the effect of pH on dye adsorption showed an increase in adsorption capacity with decreasing pH. Effect of temperature on dye adsorption showed 80 °C as optimum temperature for wool dyeing with T. chebula dye extract. Two kinetic equations, namely pseudo first-order and pseudo second-order equations, were employed to investigate the adsorption rates. Pseudo second-order model provided the best fit (R2 = 0.9908) to the experimental data. The equilibrium adsorption data were fitted by Freundlich and Langmuir isotherm models. The adsorption behavior accorded well (R2 = 0.9937) with Langmuir isotherm model. Variety of eco-friendly and sustainable shades were developed in combination with small amount of metallic mordants and assessed in terms of colorimetric (CIEL∗a∗b∗ and K/S) properties measured using spectrophotometer under D65 illuminant (10° standard observer). The fastness properties of dyed woolen yarn against light, washing, dry and wet rubbing were also evaluated

Dyeing studies and fastness properties of brown naphtoquinone colorant extracted from Juglans regia L on natural protein fiber using different metal salt mordants

In this study, wool fibers are dyed with a natural colorant extracted from walnut bark in presence and absence of mordants. The effect of aluminum sulfate, ferrous sulfate, and stannous chloride mordants on colorimetric and fastness properties of wool fibers was investigated. Juglone was identified as the main coloring component in walnut bark extract by UV visible and FTIR spectroscopic techniques. The results showed that pretreatment with metallic mordants substantially improved the colorimetric and fastness properties of wool fibers dyed with walnut bark extract. Ferrous sulfate and stannous chloride mordanted wool fibers shows best results than potassium aluminum sulfate mordanted and unmordanted wool fibers. This is ascribed due to strong chelating power of ferrous sulfate and stannous chloride mordants

IDENTIFICATION SYSTEM FOR SECURITY DEPARTMENT

Delivering real-time surveillance services to handheld devices over the Internet is an interesting application in the mobile environment. Developing such system needs tackle considerable design challenges including device downsides, platform heterogeneity and bandwidth limitation. In University Technology Petronas (UTP), the wireless technology is currently not very popular. Therefore, the purpose of this project is to introduce the wireless technology to the security department of UTP by strengthening the security summon, sticker, key booking and matrices card manual procedure and system from any violation and modification of information that can be detected easily and corrective action can be taken faster. As UTP become evolve and grow, security department rule are become huge. Therefore they need to prepare them with efficient computerized solution to perform data update and to access data from diverse location. The objective of this paper is to research on wireless technology that is suitable for security department system and suitable for UTP environment. To elaborate this, we can see that this system is integrated with Personal Digital Assistant (PDA) that equip with Bluetooth technology. With the capabilities of 10 meters radius sphere, this system can be accessed via the PDA in that range and data transfer rates are comparatively slow at 1-2 megabits per second. But there is another that can be used which is WIFI with the range of 30 meters and data transfer rated at 2-11 megabits per second. For the purpose of this project Bluetooth technology have been chosen to show the system functionality and performance. The methodology use for the project is Rapid Application Development that has four phases; requirement planning, user design, construction and cutover. The suggested solution will lead to build a prototype of new computerized system that can be accessed using the PDA for Security Department of University Technology Petronas.

A comparative study of musharakah mutanaqisah in Islamic home financing

Musyarakah mutanaqisah is a hybrid contract containing three shariah contract namely Ijarah, al bay’, Musyarakah. This research discusses the implementation of musyarakah mutanaqisah in Islamic home financing by RHB Islamic Bank Berhad and Kuwait Finance House (Malaysia) Berhad (KFHMB). This study also analyzes the parameters used for musyarakah mutanaqisah and sees whether RHB Islamic Bank and Kuwait Finance House (Malaysia) Bank (KFHMB) use these parameters on their product in musyarakah mutanaqisah. The researcher also wants to analyze the parameter for musyarakah mutanaqisah. Besides that, the selection of two banks is meant to compare their Standard Operating Procedure (SOP) in the implementation of musyarakah mutanaqisah in RHB Islamic Bank Berhad and KFHMB. The researcher also analyzes the issues and challenges faced by both of the banks in implementing this product because musyarakah mutanaqisah product is considered as a new product in Islamic home financing and has started getting noticed by Islamic banking in this country. In order to achieve the objective of the research, the researcher uses the library and field works as a method to collect the data. The data collected are analyzed, using the method of content, inductive and comparative. To obtain the information for getting answers to all the research questions, the researcher has conducted interviews with executive officers from both of the banks and the experts in this field. In the end, the researcher makes a few suggestions and recommendations to the banks, government, academicians and society with the aim to improve and get acceptance of this product in future

Dyeing studies with henna and madder: A research on effect of tin (II) chloride mordant

The present paper deals with the application of natural dyes extracted from powdered henna (Lawsonia inermis) leaves and madder (Rubia cordifolia) roots on woolen yarn and assessment of effect of stannous chloride mordant on dyeability, color characteristics, fastness properties and antifungal activity of dyed woolen yarn. Sixteen shades have been developed for the characterization of their color characteristics and fastness properties. The color strength (K/S value) has been found to be very good in all dyed woolen yarn samples. The color fastness with respect to light exposure, washing and rubbing was quite satisfactory for both henna as well as madder dyed samples. Henna leaves extract was found very effective against Candida glabrata both in solution as well as after application on wool substrate but no antifungal activity is reported in case of madder both in solution as well as on wool substrate

Role and immunomodulatory profile of histamine receptors by H1 and H2 antagonists

The present study was designed to delineate the immunomodulatory role of histamine receptors (H1- and H2-) on induction of antibody response to sheep red blood cells (SRBC), as well as the antibody generation profile, in rabbit system, systemically. The rabbits in two groups received pheniramine (H1-receptor antagonist) and ranitidine (H2-receptor antagonist), respectively, via intramuscular route and were immunized with SRBC intravenously to evaluate suppression or enhancement of antibody responses in sem. A third, control group, received vehicle and were immunized in a similar manner. Histamine released from effector cells (mast cells and basophils) _in vivo_ during inflammatory reactions could influence a detectable antibody response to SRBC as early as day 7-postimmunization (post-I), which lasted until day 28- post-I. Pheniramine-treated rabbits had significantly (*Pa ≤ 0.05 and **Pa ≤ 0.01) more suppressed total serum antibody (IgM + IgG) to SRBC as compared to ranitidine-treated ad cotrol rabbits, while ranitidine-treated rabbits showed different pattern (suppressed or enhanced) during the whole study period. Ranitidine suppressed total antibody level at days 7- and 14- post-I, and enhanced at days 21- and 28- post-I. IgM suppression at day 7- and enhancement at days 14-, 21- and 28- post-I, while IgG suppression during whole study period, as compared to control group was significant (*Pa ≤ 0.05 and **Pa ≤ 0.01) as assessed by direct hemagglutination assay* ad whole SBC-ELISA method**. Here we report that histamine receptor type 2 (H2R)-antagonists have a dominant role on immunosuppression and in immunoregulation of humoral immune responses. Histamine receptor type 2 (H2R)-antagonists are mainly involved in B cell differentiation and proliferation over histamine receptor type 1 (H1R)-antagonists

An Intelligent Approach to Automatic Query Formation from Plain Text using Artificial Intelligence

Man have always been, inherently, curious creatures. They ask questions in order to satiate their insatiable curiosity. For example, kids ask questions to learn more from their teachers, teachers ask questions to assist themselves to evaluate student performance, and we all ask questions in our daily lives. Numerous learning exchanges, ranging from one-on-one tutoring sessions to thorough exams, as well as real-life debates, rely heavily on questions. One notable fact is that, due to their inconsistency in particular contexts, humans are often inept at asking appropriate questions. It has been discovered that most people have difficulty identifying their own knowledge gaps. This becomes our primary motivator for automating question generation in the hopes that the benefits of an automated Question Generation (QG) system will help humans achieve their useful inquiry needs. QG and Information Extraction (IE) have become two major issues for language processing communities, and QG has recently become an important component of learning environments, systems, and information seeking systems, among other applications. The Text-to-Question generation job has piqued the interest of the Natural Language Processing (NLP), Natural Language Generation (NLG), Intelligent Tutoring System (ITS), and Information Retrieval (IR) groups as a possible option for the shared task. A text is submitted to a QG system in the Text-to-Question generation task. Its purpose would be to create a series of questions for which the text has answers (such as a word, a set of words, a single sentence, a text, a set of texts, a stretch of conversational dialogue, an inadequate query, and so on)

Analysis of Deep-Fake Technology Impacting Digital World Credibility: A Comprehensive Literature Review

Deep-Fake Technique is a new scientific method that uses Artificial-Intelligince to make fake videos with an affect of facial expressions and coordinated movement of lips. This technology is frequently employed in a variety of contexts with various goals. Deep-Fake technology is being used to generate an extremely realistic fake video that can be widely distributed to promote false information or fake news about any celebrity or leader that was not created by them. Because of the widespread use of social media, these fraudulent videos can garner billions of views in under an hour and have a significant impact on our culture. Deep-Fakes are a threat to our celebrities, democracy, religious views, and commerce, according to the findings, but they can be managed through rules and regulations, strong company policy, and general internet user awareness and education. We need to devise a process for examining such video and distinguishing between actual and fraudulent footage

The Role of Five Major Shari’ah Legal Maxims ( Al-Qawaid Al-Kubra ) in the Establishment of Maqasid Al-Shari’ah in Islamic Financial Products: A Discussion on Some Cases

Maqasid al-shari’ah is the science in Islamic jurisprudence that combines the elements of usul al-fiqh and qawa’id al-fiqhiyah. This article limits the discussion of maqasid al-shari’ah only on the role of qawa’id al-fiqhiyah. It aims to analyze some of the shari’ah legal maxims that are founded based on the understanding of maqasid al-shari’ah, and simultaneously contribute in building the science in the Islamic finance sector. The methodology used is content analysis from the ideas of traditional as well as contemporary scholars by focusing on the five major shari’ah legal maxims (al-qawaid al-kubra) with reference to the some cases applied in Islamic finance practices today. The study finds that the science of qawaid al-fiqhiyah plays significant role in establishing the objectives of shari’ah in general view and contributes ideas and opinions in designing the methodologies, parameters and characteristics for the comprehensive formation of maqasid al-shari’ah in modern Islamic finance products. Keywords:Qawaid al-Fiqhiyah, Maqasid al-Shari’ah, Islamic Financ

Changing Needs of Library and Information Science Curricula in India

The history of LIS curricula in India and efforts to reform, modernize, and standardize are discussed. The changing world of information technology and the needs of employers should drive the standardization and updating of LIS curricula. Recommendations include a national accrediting body to articulate norms for LIS education