Investigation to Reduce Flux Variance Effects Using Partial Coherent Beam in Free Space Optical Communication

This paper focus on the employment of partial coherent beam (PCB) in free space optical communication to reduce the flux variance effects in the system. The implementation of PCB in the free space optical system is significantly able to reduce the flux variance effect. The reduction of the flux variance effect by using PCB in free space optical communication by using Gamma-Gamma distribution is presented in this paper. The analysis result shows that the FSO system with PCB have an improved in performance compares with FSO system without PCB implemented on it as it capable to decrease the flux variance and scintillation index. This can help FSO system to encounter with severe turbulence effect for optimum operation

Bandwidth Enhancement of 5G Parallel Coupled Line Band Pass Filter Using Patterned Ground Structure Technique

This paper presents the design of parallel coupled line band pass filter with 10 GHz operating frequency that will be used in 5G applications. As 5G application requires big data usage and to cater the applications, the bandwidth of 5G devices need to be wider enough to support it. Thus, to improve the bandwidth performance of the designed filter, patterned ground structure (PGS) technique is implemented into it. The result shows that the bandwidth of the designed filter has been improved from 0.25 GHz to 4.98 GHz when PGS is implemented

5G coupler design for intelligent transportation system (ITS) application

Aiming to achieve 3-dB coupling, operating in fifth generation (5G) technologies, this paper introduces a new design of tight coupling coupler that will be operated in 5G technologies. Two stubs and two slots have been implemented into the 3-dB coupler design in order to achieve impedance matching between the ports and to give better coupling performances, respectively. Moreover, a study on the stubs' and slots' effects towards the S31 of the 3-dB coupler has also been presented in this paper. The proposed coupler is designed on Rogers RO4003C substrate. The simulation results and the analytical study on the stubs and slots implementation show that both stubs and slots affect the performance of the coupling coefficient

5G Coupler Design for Intelligent Transportation System (ITS) Application

Aiming to achieve 3-dB coupling, operating in fifth generation (5G) technologies, this paper introduces a new design of tight coupling coupler that will be operated in 5G technologies. Two stubs and two slots have been implemented into the 3-dB coupler design in order to achieve impedance matching between the ports and to give better coupling performances, respectively. Moreover, a study on the stubs’ and slots’ effects towards the S31 of the 3-dB coupler has also been presented in this paper. The proposed coupler is designed on Rogers RO4003C substrate. The simulation results and the analytical study on the stubs and slots implementation show that both stubs and slots affect the performance of the coupling coefficient

A study on Gamification toward Engineering Students’ Engagement in the University Level

Most engineering students may struggle with complicated theories, heavy assignments, lack of motivation and disengagement in the classroom. According to studies, student engagement in the classroom is critical in the learning process. It can increase students' attention and motivate them to practice critical thinking skill. It may also promote positive learning experiences. By this, the learning outcomes in technical understanding and application definitely can be improved. However, how to increase student engagement, particularly for engineering courses in the classroom? Educators are introducing several student-centred teaching methods to replace the traditional direct instruction teaching methods, such as inquiry-based learning, project-based learning, service-based learning and others. This study is to explore the gamification toward the engineering student to increase their engagement in class. A class with 109 students in the second year course of Electrical Engineering Technology (EET) are invited to participate in the study. A gamified learning model with 4 stage games is created in the online platform and participates by the EET students' willingness. This gamified learning model has implemented rank, interactive map and video guide. A survey related to gamification is collected from the EET students who completed the gamified learning model. This survey is mainly to obtain feedback on the gamification experience of the students. The results are generally positive and indicate that gamification can improve engineering student engagement and enjoyment toward the learning process

Analysis on wideband band pass filter microwave sensor performances for measuring rice quality in agriculture industry

This paper introduced the analysis of three microstrip band pass filter designs which can work as a microwave resonator/sensor to measure the quality of rice. To maintain the tight coupling for over a wideband frequency range, all of the designs implemented broad-side coupling microstrip-slot tech-nique into the design. The analysis shows that band pass filter Type 2 has the best performance com-pared to the other two designs; where the return loss is -25.3 dB and insertion loss is -0.1 dB. This is due to the signal that can transfer effectively in the ring-shaped patch (comparing Type 1 with Type 2 and Type 3) and with thicker ring (comparing Type 2 and Type 3). The advantage of using the wide-band band pass filter as a microwave resonator/sensor is compact in size and low manufacturing cost

Electric field distribution in nanocomposites containing one-dimensional nanofiller

The need of having novel insulation systems that are capable to operate in the long term is arising due to their promising features that can significantly improve the electrical, mechanical, thermal and chemical properties in high voltage equipment. In this, polymers show signs of improvement in dielectric properties with the addition of nano-filled materials. The unique dielectric properties of nanocomposites as insulators are closely related to the presence of the interphase, i.e., an interaction zone between the nanoparticle and the polymer matrix. In this study, one-dimensional (1D) nanofillers and their interphases were modeled and analyzed using the Finite Element Method Magnetics (FEMM) 4.2 software. Two possible models of the interphase structure surrounding a nanoparticle were analyzed, i.e., one with rectangular-shaped interphase and the other with circularly-shaped interphase. While the polymer and the nanoparticle were assumed to have fixed permittivity values, different values of the thickness and the permittivity of the nanofiller interphase were assigned to determine their effects on the electric field distribution within nanocomposites. The results showed that the presence of the interphase affected the electric field intensity of the nanocomposites. As adjacent nanoparticles displaced further away from each other, the electric field intensity between the nanoparticles reduced. An attempt was made to relate the presence of the interphase with the breakdown behavior of nanocomposites

Effects of nanosilica and nanotitania on partial discharge characteristics of natural rubber-lldpe blends as high voltage insulation material

Polymeric materials are widely used in power apparatus as electrical insulation especially as high voltage cable insulation. Meanwhile, partial discharge (PD) has always been a predecessor to major faults and problem in this field. Recent works showed that combination of natural rubber and polyethylene produces a good match of composite for electrical insulation. In this paper, blends of natural rubber, polymeric-based material of linear-low density polyethylene (LLDPE), nano-sized fillers of silica (SiO2) and titania (TiO2) were prepared by extrusion machine and moulding process. PD tests were carried out on each sample based on CIGRE Method II technique for 3 hours of ageing time. DAQ software was used as a tool to analyse the PD data, which measures PD pulse magnitude and number of PD occurrence. In addition, SEM images and percentage of element from EDX of the samples were taken before and after experiencing high voltage stress. The results revealed that there is a correlation between amount of filler and discharge activities

Bandwidth Enhancement of 5G Parallel Coupled Line Band Pass Filter Using Patterned Ground Structure Technique

This paper presents the design of parallel coupled line band pass filter with 10 GHz operating frequency that will be used in 5G applications. As 5G application requires big data usage and to cater the applications, the bandwidth of 5G devices need to be wider enough to support it. Thus, to improve the bandwidth performance of the designed filter, patterned ground structure (PGS) technique is implemented into it. The result shows that the bandwidth of the designed filter has been improved from 0.25 GHz to 4.98 GHz when PGS is implemented