Oral health related quality of life among adults attending periodontal clinic at IIUM Kuantan IIUM

There was lack of local study assessing the oral health related quality of life (OHRQOL) of patients with periodontal diseases. Hence, this study aims to assess the OHRQOL and its associated factors in adult patients who were diagnosed with gingivitis and periodontitis. This was a cross sectional study conducted from May to December 2018 among 100 participants attended Periodontal Clinic, Kulliyyah of Dentistry of International Islamic University of Malaysia (IIUM) using purposive sampling methods. Clinical parameters of participants were recorded by a single examiner then followed by a self-administered questionnaire using the validated short version of Oral Health Impact Profile(S-OHIP) (Malay) to assess the OHRQOL and its associated factors. The OHRQOL of participants were reported using mean and standard deviation. The factors associated with OHRQOL were determined using independent t-test and Spearman correlation test. The mean score for S-OHIP was 14.73 ± 9.24. Participants with periodontitis have higher SOHIP score compared to those with gingivitis. There were significant association between OHRQOL and underlying diabetes mellitus, self-perceived oral health status and self-perceived oral health satisfaction with p value < 0.05. This shows that those with underlying diabetes mellitus have higher S-OHIP score indicated poorer OHRQOL. Meanwhile, those who perceived they have either good or very good oral hygiene and satisfied with their oral health have lower S-OHIP score indicated better OHRQOL. This study found that periodontal diseases have significant association with the OHRQOL. Therefore, reinforcement of oral health education by the dentists is crucial

The outcomes of nonsurgical periodontal therapy: a retrospective study

Aim: In this study, patients with chronic periodontitis (CP) were evaluated to determine the clinical outcomes following nonsurgical periodontal therapy. Materials and Methods: A retrospective assessment of clinical outcomes following nonsurgical periodontal therapy was provided by International Islamic University Malaysia (IIUM) dental undergraduates. This secondary data analysis of 110 patients with chronic periodontitis were reviewed and clinical data abstracted. Data were analyzed to observe the treatment outcomes of all patients and then were grouped into “responders” or “nonresponders” to assess the correlation between clinical prognostic indicators and the treatment outcome. Results: Significant improvements with all clinical parameters such as plaque score, bleeding on probing (BOP), periodontal probing depth (PPD) >4 mm and >6 mm, and clinical attachment loss were noted on all patients. Deep sites (PPD >4 mm) were significantly higher in smokers and it continued to be in large proportions during the posttreatment period. A great number of smokers and all diabetic patients fall into the nonresponder group. However, this study fails to statistically prove better outcomes in terms of all clinical parameters on the responder group as compared to the nonresponder group as all P values > 0.05. Conclusion: The CP treatments were positively associated with the benefits of nonsurgical therapy by IIUM undergraduates. It is displayed by the improvement in all clinical parameters. In addition, poorer outcomes were portrayed by smokers as reduction of BOP and PPD was not significantly achieved compared to their counterparts. However, patient-specific outcomes were not positively reported due to lack of data

Determining the association between oral health status and self-perceived oral health satisfaction among residents in the largest care home in East Coast Malaysia

Introduction: Little is known about the association between actual and selfperceived oral health status among residents living in a care home. This study aimed to assess their oral health status and to determine its association with their selfperceived oral health satisfaction. Materials and method: A cross-sectional study was conducted from July to August 2018 among 75 residents of Rumah Ehsan, Terengganu (the largest care home in east coast Malaysia). The oral health status and oral hygiene of the participants were examined. Their sociodemographic profile and self-perceived oral health status were collected through structured interviews. Chi-square, Man-Whitney, and multiple logistic regression tests were used to test the factors associated with the self-perceived oral health satisfaction of the participants. Results: Unsurprisingly, the majority of the participants had poor oral health with high median DMF-T score of 29.0 (IQR =12) and majority (86.7%) had poor oral hygiene. It was intriguing to know that the majority of them (64%) perceived they have good oral health status with 68% satisfied with their current oral health status. There was no significant association between their actual oral health status and their perceived satisfaction. However, increasing age, Malay and those eating dependently were less likely to satisfy with their oral health status. Meanwhile, those who were dependent on the staff to brush their teeth were more likely satisfied with their oral health status. Conclusion: There was a wide discrepancy between the actual and self-perceived oral health status among residents in care homes. Hence, it is crucial to improving awareness and knowledge among them in order to improve their oral health. Factors contributed to their oral health satisfaction should be acknowledged by all dental practitioners

Oral health related quality of life among adults attending periodontal clinic at IIUM Kuantan

There was lack of local study assessing the oral health related quality of life (OHRQOL) of patients with periodontal diseases. Hence, this study aims to assess the OHRQOL and its associated factors in adult patients who were diagnosed with gingivitis and periodontitis. This was a cross sectional study conducted from May to December 2018 among 100 participants attended Periodontal Clinic, Kulliyyah of Dentistry of International Islamic University of Malaysia (IIUM) using purposive sampling methods. Clinical parameters of participants were recorded by a single examiner then followed by a self-administered questionnaire using the validated short version of Oral Health Impact Profile(S-OHIP) (Malay) to assess the OHRQOL and its associated factors. The OHRQOL of participants were reported using mean and standard deviation. The factors associated with OHRQOL were determined using independent t-test and Spearman correlation test. The mean score for S-OHIP was 14.73 ± 9.24. Participants with periodontitis have higher S-OHIP score compared to those with gingivitis. There were significant association between OHRQOL and underlying diabetes mellitus, self-perceived oral health status and self-perceived oral health satisfaction with p value < 0.05. This shows that those with underlying diabetes mellitus have higher S-OHIP score indicated poorer OHRQOL. Meanwhile, those who perceived they have either good or very good oral hygiene and satisfied with their oral health have lower S-OHIP score indicated better OHRQOL. This study found that periodontal diseases have significant association with the OHRQOL. Therefore, reinforcement of oral health education by the dentists is crucial

Gender dysphoria, issue and solutions

LGBT nowadays has become a sensitive issue, and pre-exposure prophylaxis ( prep) has become more controversial. They claimed that prep can prevent HIV from spreading to the young generation, and this can curb HIV issues, particularly death. However, the relevant authority forgets other important issues, such as other sexually transmitted diseases, including hepatitis, gonorrhoea, syphilis, etc. Prep is only to prevent HIV and not others. Another aspect that needs to be considered is the Islamic perspective. What does Islam say about prep? Giving prep, even though it may prevent HIV, directly or indirectly, anal sex activity will be encouraged. The LGBT community will feel safe and protected from getting HIV. The community must be informed of all this information so it can be documented. One of the best mechanisms is through this book, and it is a 'Jariah'

Phytochemical and antioxidant capacity profiles of syzygiumcumini (L.) skeelsleaves grown in Telur Bagan Kedah, Malaysia using sequential cold percolation extraction

This study aimed to investigate the phytochemicals and antioxidant properties of Syzygiumcumini(L.) Skeels grown in Telur BaganKedah, Malaysia Syzygiumcuminiwas extracted successively in 5 different solvents which are petroleum ether, toluene, ethyl acetate, acetone, and water, using sequential cold percolation method. The dried crude extractswerecharacterized for percentage yield, total phenolic content, total flavonoid content, percentage of DPPH radical scavenging activity, and reducing power to reduce Fe3+ to Fe2+ using FRAP assay.Extracts from different solvents produced different results. Toluene extract had the highest percentage yield, and highest total phenolic content, whereas acetone extract had the highest total flavonoid content. Water extract had the highest antioxidant capacity using DPPH test, with value of 11.89 ± 1.14 mg AEAC/g of dried leaves and reducing power from FRAP assay with value of 4512.83 ± 287.73 µg AAE/g of dried leaves. Petroleum ether had the highest antioxidant capacity in terms of inhibitory concentration of DPPH, due to its lowest IC50 value.All the phytochemical and antioxidant properties of Syzygiumcumini were successfully documented, analyzed

Exploring the healthcare perceptions, barriers and expectations among people with physical disability and their caregivers in a healthcare facility in Kuantan, Malaysia

Introduction: Improving healthcare services for people with physical disabilities (PWPD) is critical to health achievement worldwide. However, some challenges impede this process, including inadequate continuity of care and financial burdens, all of which contribute to a decline in their overall health, well-being, and functional capabilities. Furthermore, caregivers of PWPD play a pivotal role in facilitating early diagnosis, participating in treatment decision making, and selecting suitable service providers. Aims: Therefore, this study aims to explore the personal experiences, barriers, and expectations of PWPD and their caregivers in receiving healthcare services at a teaching hospital in Kuantan, Malaysia. Methods: A total of 18 participants, including PWPD and their caregivers attending the hospital, were purposely selected to participate in individual in-depth interviews following a generic qualitative study design. These interviews were conducted in Malay using a topic guide, and the sessions were recorded, transcribed, and subsequently analysed. The data analysis process followed a qualitative data analysis framework. Results: The findings of our analysis revealed that most participants expressed satisfaction and shared positive experiences with the healthcare services they received. They emphasised that improved facilities and high-quality equipment played a significant role in enhancing their satisfaction. However, several barriers were identified, primarily related to physical limitations. The barriers were insufficient parking lot, deteriorated wheelchair conditions, long distance between different areas, overcrowding in the pharmacy, heavy doors, the absence of automatic beds, excessively high emergency buttons, limited shopping options in the hospital facility and restricted operating hours. Participants also expressed expectations for improved transparency in doctor-patient communication and enhanced hospital promotions. Conclusion: To enhance future healthcare provision, it is essential to understand and address the expectations of PWPD and their caregivers at various levels within the healthcare system

Poor sleep quality among medical students in International Islamic University Malaysia (IIUM) and its association with mental health and other factors

INTRODUCTION: Poor sleep quality is a common problem experienced by medical students worldwide. Therefore, this study aimed to measure the prevalence of poor sleep quality among medical students in International Islamic University Malaysia (IIUM) and its association with mental health and other factors. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A cross-sectional study using convenience sampling was conducted among 500 medical students in IIUM Kuantan. A validated self-reported questionnaire including sociodemographic, socioeconomic, lifestyle, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index and Depression Anxiety Stress Score 21 was distributed from 15th July to 31st August 2019. Descriptive statistics were used to measure the prevalence of poor sleep quality. Chi- square test, Fisher’s exact test, independent sample T-test, and multiple logistic regression were used to measure the association between risk factors and sleep quality. RESULT: The response rate was 91.2%. The prevalence of poor sleep quality was 59.6%. Multiple logistic regression analysis revealed level of study (clinical year (AOR=0.44, 95% CI: 0.29 - 0.66) and depression (yes (AOR: 1.71, 95% CI 1.03-2.83) contributed independently on poor sleep quality among medical students. There was no significant relationship between tahajjud practice and poor sleep quality. CONCLUSION: More than half of IIUM medical students have poor sleep quality. Those students who were in the pre-clinical year and had depression were independently associated with the occurrence of poor sleep quality. Early intervention is compulsory to overcome this problem among medical students in IIUM

Dental anxiety and the association with psychological symptoms among adults attending IIUM Kuantan health facilities

Dental anxiety is a condition in which the patient will have overwhelming sense of fear by feeling threatened of any dental treatment. Klingberg, G. & A. Broberg (2007) • Dental anxiety may worsen the oral health as people with dental anxiety tend to delay or avoid dental treatment. Armfield, J., G. Slade, & A. Spencer (2009) • There are evidence showing positive correlation between general anxiety and dental anxiety. G.Pekkan 2011 • Most studies done on dental anxiety in Malaysia focused on ante natal mothers, children and teenagers

Exploring the personal experiences, barriers and expectations among caregivers and people with physical disabilities in a teaching hospital in Kuantan, Malaysia

Introduction: Improving healthcare services for people with physical disabilities (PWPD) is critical to health achievement worldwide. The caregivers of PWPD play a pivotal role in facilitating early diagnosis, participating in treatment decision-making, and selecting suitable service providers. Therefore, this study aims to explore the personal experiences, barriers, and expectations of PWPD and their caregivers in receiving healthcare services at a teaching hospital in Kuantan. Method: A total of 18 participants, including PWPD and their caregivers attending the hospital, were purposely selected to participate in individual in-depth interviews following a generic qualitative study design. These interviews were conducted in Malay using a topic guide, and the sessions were recorded, transcribed, and subsequently analyzed. The data analysis process followed a qualitative data analysis framework. Results: The findings of our analysis revealed that most participants expressed satisfaction and shared positive experiences with the healthcare services they received. They emphasized that improved facilities and high-quality equipment played a significant role in enhancing their satisfaction. However, several barriers were identified, primarily related to physical limitations. These barriers included insufficient parking availability, deteriorated wheelchair conditions, long distances between different areas, overcrowding in the pharmacy, heavy doors, the absence of automatic beds, excessively high emergency buttons, limited shopping options, and restricted operating hours. Participants also expressed expectations for improved transparency in doctor-patient communication and enhanced hospital promotions. Conclusion: To enhance future healthcare provision, it is essential to understand and address the expectations of PWPD and their caregivers at various levels within the healthcare system