To evaluate safety and efficacy of tedizolid phosphate in the management of several skin infections

Tedizolid Phosphate is an oxazolidinone-class antibiotic and is used for the treatment of acute bacterial skin and skin structure infections. it is a prodrug activated by plasma or intestinal phosphatases to tedizolid following administration of the drug either orally or intravenously. Once activated, tedizolid exerts its bacteriostatic microbial activity through inhibition of protein synthesis by binding to the 50S ribosomal subunit of the bacteria. The purpose of the study was to evaluate safety and efficacy of Tedizolid phosphate and compare it with that of Lenizolid Phosphate another oxazolidinone class of drugs. The study was conducted at OMNI hospital located at dilsukhnagar, Hyderabad. 126 subjects with skin infections, who satisfied the eligibility criteria, were accrued during the study period. These patients were randomized into 2 groups, and were then evaluated according to the treatment protocol. Investigational product was then administered to evaluate safety and efficacy parameters. Subjects received treatment according to the study arm/group. Subjects were asked to take drug for 7 days daily once orally till the clinical symptoms disappear/ as per PIs discretion. Samples for microbiological evaluation were done at screening, end of the therapy. Among both the formulations the group the received Tedizolid phosphate was considered safer and more efficacious as Clinical success rate was 89.9% and the group that received Lenizolid phosphate had the clinical success rate of 81%. It can be concluded that Tedizolid phosphate could be promising drug in the treatment of various skin infections

A study on prescribing trends in respiratory tract infections in a tertiary care hospital

The drug utilization pattern of respiratory tract infections to assess the rational prescribing pattern at tertiary care teaching hospital, endorsing drugs by mark names may undermine a portion of the objectives of fundamental solution idea. Recommending by nonexclusive name causes the clinic drug store to have a superior stock control. This will likewise assist the drug store with purchasing drugs on contract premise, as the quantity of brands is less, in this manner decreasing the perplexity among drug specialists while apportioning. Bland medications are regularly more temperate than the marked ones. With respect to recommending of FDCs, Potential points of interest of FDC's incorporate lessened reactions, expanded patient consistence, cooperative energy and expanded adequacy and decreased cost, potential impediments incorporate unbendable settled measurements proportion, contrary pharmacokinetics, expanded harmfulness, doctor and drug specialist's obliviousness

Osmotic drug delivery system of valsartan

The objective of this study is to design and evaluate a new EOP called swellable elementary osmotic pump (SEOP) of the freely water soluble drug, amitriptyline hydrochloride (1 g /mL) by adding water swellable polymers in the core. The hydrophilic polymers included in the core retard the highly water soluble drug by producing hydrogel within the core, which may restrict and delay the solvent contact with drug molecules and may increase the diffusional length of the solvent to achieve a constant release rate. Thus, this technology can be exploited to achieve constant drug release at predetermined rate especially for highly water soluble drugs

Clostridium septicum infection of hepatic metastases following alcohol injection: a case report

Clostridium septicum infections are generally associated with gastrointestinal or hematologic malignancies. We report the first case of hepatic metastases infection with Clostridium septicum that followed alcohol injection of liver lesion. Clinicians should consider this possibility in patients with underlying malignancy who present with hepatic abscess, as prompt surgical drainage and empiric antibiotics may be life saving

Challenges of training and delivery of pediatric surgical services in developing economies: A perspective from Pakistan

Background: As the pediatric population requiring health services rises globally, developing countries are struggling to cater to the growing burden of non-communicable diseases - particularly those requiring specialized surgical care.Main body: Despite the literature supporting specialized pediatric surgical care, the developing world is far from meeting the American Pediatric Surgical Association (APSA) Manpower taskforce recommendation of at least 1 qualified pediatric surgeon per 100,000 patients (0-15 years-old). In Pakistan, there is an unmet surgical need in the pediatric population due to a multitude of short shortcomings, notably in quality and quantity of the training programs on offer, and urgent short- and long-term steps are needed to improve this dire situation.Conclusion: It is crucial for the global surgical community to take steps, especially with regards to pediatric surgical training, to ensure delivery of accessible and quality surgical care to the world\u27s children

Azlocillin can be the potential drug candidate against drug-tolerant Borrelia burgdorferi sensu stricto JLB31.

Lyme disease is one of most common vector-borne diseases, reporting more than 300,000 cases annually in the United States. Treating Lyme disease during its initial stages with traditional tetracycline antibiotics is effective. However, 10-20% of patients treated with antibiotic therapy still shows prolonged symptoms of fatigue, musculoskeletal pain, and perceived cognitive impairment. When these symptoms persists for more than 6 months to years after completing conventional antibiotics treatment are called post-treatment Lyme disease syndrome (PTLDS). Though the exact reason for the prolongation of post treatment symptoms are not known, the growing evidence from recent studies suggests it might be due to the existence of drug-tolerant persisters. In order to identify effective drug molecules that kill drug-tolerant borrelia we have tested two antibiotics, azlocillin and cefotaxime that were identified by us earlier. The in vitro efficacy studies of azlocillin and cefotaxime on drug-tolerant persisters were done by semisolid plating method. The results obtained were compared with one of the currently prescribed antibiotic doxycycline. We found that azlocillin completely kills late log phase and 7-10 days old stationary phase B. burgdorferi. Our results also demonstrate that azlocillin and cefotaxime can effectively kill in vitro doxycycline-tolerant B. burgdorferi. Moreover, the combination drug treatment of azlocillin and cefotaxime effectively killed doxycycline-tolerant B. burgdorferi. Furthermore, when tested in vivo, azlocillin has shown good efficacy against B. burgdorferi in mice model. These seminal findings strongly suggests that azlocillin can be effective in treating B. burgdorferi sensu stricto JLB31 infection and furthermore in depth research is necessary to evaluate its potential use for Lyme disease therapy

The Impact of Revised Wage Rate on Firm’s Competitiveness in the Ready Made Garment Sector of Bangladesh: A Case Study Comparison Between Large vs SME Garment Manufacturers

The objective of the paper was to critically analyse the impact of revised minimum wage rate on the competitiveness of different size garment manufacturers in Bangladesh. In doing so the paper adopted a case study approach and incorporated data from multiple case study companies. Notably, the paper aims to cover three main areas: industry conditions and its implications on profitability, the critical resources which are giving the large case study firms a competitive advantage and finally the impact of institutional change brought about by the Rana Plaza incident on different case study firms. Using relevant literature from these three areas the paper proposed 3 hypotheses which were in turn tested and re-developed by using the primary data collected from case study companies. The findings from the research highlighted that the profitability of the garment industry became particularly low only after the imposition of minimum wage; however the profitability in mid-market segment is still comparatively higher. The study also identified the two critical resources that are helping the large case study firms to strategize better in relation to tackling the impact of minimum wage, which were “Industrial Engineering Department” and “Vertically Integrated Supply Chain”. Finally the study identified the change in institutional paradigm and stringent monitoring brought about by Rana Plaza incident had a more significant impact for the SME’s due to issues such as decoupling which were much easier to pursue previously. Finally the paper also outlined some strategies which SME case study firms could adopt in order to minimize the impact of minimum wage. Notably, the revised minimum wage increase was only implemented from December 31st 2013 and there hasn’t been much academic work in relation to the context; therefore the study aims to provide a first-hand overview of the situation prevailing after the minimum wage which could be in turn used for further research in the area

Comparison of clinical outcomes of conventional hemodialysis and online hemodiafiltration

Background: Several studies have suggested that online hemodiafiltration (OL-HDF) may reduce the risk of mortality and improve quality of life of these patients compared with standard hemodialysis. Methods: Forty stable out patients on dialysis (20 patients on hemodialysis and 20 patients on online hemodiafiltration) above age of 18 years and dialysis vintage of more than 3 months were followed up for 18 months. Clinical, biochemical parameters of these patients along with the SF-36 score at baseline and after 18 months of follow up were assessed. Results: At 18 months, statistically significant difference was found between hemodialysis (HD) and OL- HDF groups in erythropoietin dose (p=0.047), urea reduction ratio (p=0.016), Kt/V (p=0.005), hemoglobin (p=0.043), serum albumin (p=0.002), phosphorus (p=0.024), parathyroid hormone (p=0.007), potassium (p=0.007), β2 microglobulin (p=0.002), high sensitive c-reactive protein (p=0.037), and serum bicarbonate levels (p=0.022). We found statistically significant difference in intradialytic complications namely intradialytic hypotension, muscle cramps, simultaneous hypotension and muscle cramps and stoppage of dialysis. In terms of mortality, the difference was not statistically significant (p=0.052). Conclusions: Patients on OL- HDF were having better quality of life than patients on HD. Better solute clearance, anemia control, improved nutritional and Mineral bone disorder parameters were seen in OL-HDF. Less complications during dialysis were seen with OL-HDF. The difference in mortality rate between the HD group and OL- HDF group was not statistically significant

A study on functional outcome of distal end femur fracture in adults managed with locking compression plate

Background: We have evaluated the clinical outcome of surgery using locking compression plate in patients with fracture of distal end of femur in terms of union time, weight bearing and complications. Methods: The present study was conducted in the department of orthopaedics, Bombay hospital, Indore (M. P.). With a prevalence of 3% of adult distal femoral fracture, the sample obtained was 30 with distal end femur fractures in the study. Protocol of surgery was followed in each patient. Postoperative rehabilitation was also adhered to in all patients. Results: The mean age of 37.87±11.76 years with a male (25) predominance and more right-side involvement. RTA constituted 90% of the patients. According to AO/ASIF classification, type C1 (23.3%) and type A2 (20%) were the common fracture types seen. The radiological union was achieved in majority by 19-20 weeks. Full weight bearing was started by 15-16 weeks with mean of 18.93±2.02 weeks. In 43.3% patients knee flexion of more than 110 degree was achieved. Infection was seen in 10% patients and limb shortening (<10 mm) was seen in 6.7% patients. According to Neer’s scoring system, 56.7% patients had excellent, 33.3% patients had good, 3.3% patients had fair and 6.7% patients had poor functional outcome. Conclusions: The treatment of fracture distal end of femur using locking compression plate was found to provide good to excellent functional outcome in majority of the patients, with low prevalence of complications

A case of orbital apex syndrome in a patient with malignant otitis externa

Abstract A rare case of skull base infection with a rapid clinical course leading to visual loss and eventually death in a poorly-controlled diabetic patient is presented. A 37-year-old woman presented with a history of visual loss and painful protrusion of the right eye for the preceding 3 days.This was accompanied by vertigo and right-side facial weakness. The patient had perception of light in her right eye and 20/25 (presenting visual acuity) in the fellow eye, accompanied by right-side proptosis, total ophthalmoplegia, optic disc pallor and central retinal artery occlusion. Magnetic resonance imaging showed the presence of oedema with soft-tissue thickening in the right external auditory canal along with evidence of fluid within the middle ear cavity and mastoid air cells on the right side. A diagnosis of Orbital Apex Syndrome was made and treatment initiated