Stable Semisimple Modules, Stable t- Semisimple Modules and Strongly Stable t-Semisimple Modules

        في هذا البحث , قُدمتْ ثلاث مفاهيم والتي أُطلقَ عليها : المقاسات شبه البسيطة المستقرة , المقاسات شبه البسيطة المستقرة من النمط - t - والمقاسات شبه البسيطة المستقرة من النمط - t – القوية. العديد من النتائج حول هذه  الالمفاهيم قد قُدمت كذلك العديد من العلاقات بين هذه المفاهيم قد أُعطيت. بالإضافة الى هذا عدة علاقات بين هذه الاصناف من هذه الموديلات واصناف واخرى من المقاسات قد قُدمت.        Throughout this paper, three concepts are introduced namely stable semisimple modules, stable t-semisimple modules and strongly stable t-semisimple. Many features co-related with these concepts are presented. Also many connections between these concepts are given. Moreover several relationships between these classes of modules and other co-related classes and other related concepts are introduced

Modeling Design of Solar Heating System for Absorption Refrigeration System with Partial Loads & Studying the Collectors arrangements

This paper presents a modeling design for a solar heating system to be used as a driven - powered thermal energy to a single – stage absorption cooling system using Lithium Bromide solution, by using flat – plate collectors, storage tank, auxiliary heater and 3 – way valves. The study also goes into partial load control by flowrate variation through the generator section and to study the effects of series and parallel collector's arrangement arrays on the solar heating system performance. The study is focused to evaluate the performance of the solar heating system throughout the summer season. The effects on performance have been explored for various design variables and operation conditions. In this paper, it was reached to a general formula for a collector outlet temperature arranged in series and compared to a parallel arrangement. The performance calculations indicate that: There is no significant difference in storage tank temperature for both parallel and series arrangements. The collector's outlet temperature wasn't greatly affected by the storage tank capacity (size). The storage tank temperature increases with partial load Percent increases, i.e. as the thermal load decreases

Solar Thermal Water Heating for Domestic or Industrial Application (New Trend Modeling)

This paper presents a modeling of Solar Water Heating ( SWH ) used fordomestic or industrial application using Flat – Plate Collectors.The research uses a new trend of application for Solar Radiation variation duringthe day, The model is a ( Half – Sine ) Model for clear day with some assumptionsto predict the temperature fluctuation in the Storage tank and to calculate theheating energy demand to be added to the Solar energy supplied by Sun.An encouraging result has been found that will help the designer to have a goodidea and give useful indication about the system proposal to make a propereconomic analysis of any projects

On Min - Cs Modules and Some Related Concepts

Our aim in this paper is to study the relationships between min-cs modules and some other known generalizations of cs-modules such as ECS-modules, P-extending modules and n-extending modules. Also we introduce and study the relationships between direct sum of mic-cs modules and mc-injectivity

Fast Dust Sand Image Enhancement Based on Color Correction and New Membership Function

Images captured in dusty environments suffering from poor visibility and quality. Enhancement of these images such as sand dust images plays a critical role in various atmospheric optics applications. In this work, proposed a new model based on Color Correction and new membership function to enhance san dust images. The proposed model consists of three phases: correction of color shift, removal of haze, and enhancement of contrast and brightness. The color shift is corrected using a new membership function to adjust the values of U and V in the YUV color space. The Adaptive Dark Channel Prior (A-DCP) is used for haze removal. The stretching contrast and improving image brightness are based on Contrast Limited Adaptive Histogram Equalization (CLAHE). The proposed model tests and evaluates through many real sand dust images. The experimental results show that the proposed solution is outperformed the current studies in terms of effectively removing the red and yellow cast and provides high quality and quantity dust images

Convergence Theorems of Iterative Schemes For Nonexpansive Mappings

In this paper, we give a type of iterative scheme for sequence of nonexpansive mappings and we study the strongly convergence of these schemes in real Hilbert space to common fixed point which is also a solution of a variational inequality. Also there are some consequent of this results in convex analysi

Strongly Coretractable Modules and Some Related Concepts

Let R be a ring with identity and M be an R-module with unite. The module M is called strongly coretractable module if for each proper submodule N of M, there exists a nonzero R-homomorphism f:M/N→M such that Imf+N=M. In this paper, we investigate some relationships between strongly coretractable module and other related concepts

A Comparative Study of The Effect of Selectivity of COX-2 Inhibition (Meloxicam & Celecoxib) on Some Cardiovascular RiskMarkers in Patients With Rheumatoid Arthritis

Background: Prostaglandin G/H Synthases (Cyclooxygenases) are enzymes that catalyze the conversion of arachidonic acid to a series of compounds ending in prostaglandins, endogenous compounds triggering many biological & physiological events in many systems including circulatory & renal systems. The normal balance between Cox-1 derived thromboxane A2 (TXA2) which acts as a platelet activator enhancing thrombosis, & the antithrombotic cardioprotective effects of prostacyclin (PGI2) which is produced through Cox-2 activity. Thus inhibition of Cox-2 derived PGI2 will exaggerate the cardiovascular effects of TXA2. Cyclooxygenase - 2 (Cox-2) inhibitors have different odds on cardiovascular risk factors through selectivity to that enzyme that could play a role in their pharmacological action. Objective: Our study includes a comparison between the effects of the purely cox-2 selective inhibitor (Celecoxib), and the relatively Cox-2 selective inhibitor (Meloxicam) on some cardiovascular risk markers in patients suffering from rheumatoid arthritis. Materials &Methods: Thirty –six patients were selected as having rheumatoid arthritis (RA) with age range of 30-60 years (48±9.72), in addition to a group of normal subjects (12) were included as a control group Specific biochemical investigations based on measuring highly sensitive kit for serum C – reactive protein (hs-CRP), serum creatine kinase( CK), serum aspartate aminotransferase(AST), serum urea, serum creatinine, and serum lipid profile. The patients were treated with celecoxib 400mg/day or with meloxicam 15mg/day for 3 months period. Results: Both drugs were able to reduce (significantly) the highly sensitive Creactive protein and increase serum total cholesterol, Low Density Lipoprotein /High Density Lipoprotein (LDL/HDL) ratio as compared pretreatment values. Both drugs have nearly the same effects on renal function presented by decreasing glomerular filtration rate (GFR) as indicated by elevating serum urea levels. Conclusion: The selectivity of COX2 inhibition is not the major character that could be correlated with cardiovascular events related to their administration. Since, meloxicam could aggravate some cardiovascular risk factors more than celecoxib does, as presented a significant increment in serum CK activity

Video Steganography Technique Based on Enhanced Moving Objects Detection Method

مقدمة: أصبح إخفاء المعلومات عن طريق الفيديو خيارًا شائعًا لحماية البيانات السرية من محاولات القرصنة والهجمات الشائعة على الإنترنت. ومع ذلك ، عند استخدام إطار (إطارات) الفيديو بالكامل لتضمين بيانات سرية ، فقد يؤدي ذلك إلى تشويه بصري. طرق العمل: هذا العمل هو محاولة لإخفاء صورة سرية حساسة داخل الأجسام المتحركة في مقطع فيديو بناءً على فصل الكائن عن خلفية الإطار واختيارها وترتيبها حسب حجم الكائن لتضمين الصورة السرية. يتم استخدام تقنية XOR مع البتات العكسية بين بتات الصورة السرية وبتات الكائن المتحرك المكتشفة للتضمين. توفر الطريقة المقترحة مزيدًا من الأمان وعدم الإدراك حيث يتم استخدام الكائنات المتحركة للتضمين ، لذلك من الصعب ملاحظة التغييرات في الكائنات المتحركة بدلاً من استخدام منطقة الخلفية للتضمين في الفيديو. تم إجراء مزيد من التطوير للطريقة المقترحة في مجال إخفاء المعلومات بالفيديو من خلال تطبيق النموذج المكاني مع النموذج الإحصائي. تم أيضًا تطبيق أنماط LSB الإضافية لتقييم قدرة النهج المقترح في اكتشاف الأجسام المتحركة. بالإضافة إلى تقييم متانة الطريقة المقترحة ضد الهجمات المختلفة مثل ضوضاء الملح والفلفل والتصفية المتوسطة. الاستنتاجات: أظهرت النتائج التجريبية جودة بصرية أفضل لفيديو stego مع قيم PSNR تتجاوز 70 ديسيبل ، وهذا يشير إلى أن الطريقة المقترحة تعمل دون إحداث تشويه كبير في الفيديو الأصلي والرسالة السرية المرسلة.Video steganography has become a popular option for protecting secret data from hacking attempts and common attacks on the internet. However, when the whole video frame(s) are used to embed secret data, this may lead to visual distortion. Materials and Methods: This work is an attempt to hide sensitive secret image inside the moving objects in a video based on separating the object from the background of the frame, selecting and arranging them according to object's size for embedding secret image. The proposed approach reverses the secret image bits and uses XOR technique between the reversed bits and the detected moving object bits for embedding. The proposed approach provides more security and imperceptibility as the moving objects are used for embedding, so it is difficult to notice the changes in the moving objects instead of using background area for embedding in the video. Further development to the proposed approach in the area of video steganography has been done by applying spatial model in combination with statistical model. Additional LSB styles have been also applied to evaluate the ability of the proposed approach in detecting moving objects. In addition to evaluating the robustness of the proposed approach against different attacks such as salt and pepper noise and median filtering. Results: The experimental results showed the better visual quality of the stego video with PSNR values exceeding 70 dB, this indicates that the proposed method works without causing much distortion in the original video and transmitted secret message. Conclusion: The experimental proof of the proposed approach can successfully detect and embed secret image. Also, it provides more security and imperceptibility as the data was hidden in the moving objects and the updates in the moving objects are difficult to notice rather than the static region in a vide

Building a Statistical Model to Detect Foreground Objects and using it in Video Steganography

أصبح إخفاء المعلومات بالفيديو خيارًا شائعًا لحماية البيانات السرية من محاولات القرصنة والهجمات الشائعة على الإنترنت. ومع ذلك ، عند استخدام إطار (إطارات) الفيديو بالكامل لتضمين بيانات سرية قد تؤدي إلى تشويه بصري. هذا العمل هو محاولة لإخفاء صورة سرية حساسة داخل الأجسام المتحركة في مقطع فيديو بناءً على فصل الكائن عن خلفية الإطار واختيارها وترتيبها حسب حجم الكائن لتضمين الصورة السرية. يتم استخدام تقنية XOR مع البتات العكسية بين بتات الصورة السرية وبتات الكائن المتحرك المكتشفة للتضمين. توفر الطريقة المقترحة مزيدًا من الأمان وعدم الإدراك حيث يتم استخدام الكائنات المتحركة للتضمين ، لذلك من الصعب ملاحظة التغييرات في الكائنات المتحركة بدلاً من استخدام منطقة الخلفية للتضمين في الفيديو. أظهرت النتائج التجريبية جودة بصرية أفضل لفيديو stego مع قيم PSNR تتجاوز 58 ديسيبل ، وهذا يشير إلى أن الطريقة المقترحة تعمل دون التسبب في تشويه كبير في الفيديو الأصلي والرسالة السرية المرسلة.Video steganography has become a popular option for protecting secret data from hacking attempts and common attacks on the internet. However, when the whole video frame(s) are used to embed secret data, this may lead to visual distortion. This work is an attempt to hide sensitive secret image inside the moving objects in a video based on separating the object from the background of the frame, selecting and arranging them according to object's size for embedding secret image. The XOR technique is used with reverse bits between the secret image bits and the detected moving object bits for embedding. The proposed method provides more security and imperceptibility as the moving objects are used for embedding, so it is difficult to notice the changes in the moving objects instead of using background area for embedding in the video. The experimental results showed the better visual quality of the stego video with PSNR values exceeding 58 dB, this indicates that the proposed method works without causing much distortion in the original video and transmitted secret message