Effect of Chop Length and Level of Molasses on Chemical Composition of Yellow Corn Stover Silage

This factorial study was carried out from 15/10/2020 to 31/6/2021 to investigate the effect of chop length (CL) and level of molasses (M) added at ensiling on chemical composition of yellow corn stover including leaves and stems. Those materials were chopped into 4 lengths, 5, 10, 15 and 20 mm and molasses was added as a source of soluble carbohydrates at 3 levels, 6, 8 and 10% of dry matter (DM). Urea was added to all samples at 2% to enhance nitrogen content. Samples of ensiled materials were packed in double plastic bags and preserved for 60 days. Results revealed that there was a significant (P˂0.01) increase in DM content with increasing CL and level of M, and a significant (P˂0.05) increase in crude protein (CP) content with increasing level of M. Ether extract content was significantly (P˂0.05) decreased with increasing CL but (P˂0.01) increased with increasing level of M. Regarding cell wall components, neutral and acid detergent fibers (NDF, ADF) and cellulose contents were significantly (P˂0.01) decreased in silage samples prepared at fine CL. Lower (P˂0.01) NDF and cellulose contents were associated with those prepared with addition of M at 10%. In general, it was concluded that better results were achieved when samples of yellow corn stover silages including leaves and stems were prepared at 5 mm of chop length and addition of molasses at 10%. &nbsp

Deep Learning Methods for Malware and Intrusion Detection: A Systematic Literature Review

Android and Windows are the predominant operating systems used in mobile environment and personal computers and it is expected that their use will rise during the next decade. Malware is one of the main threats faced by these platforms as well as Internet of Things (IoT) environment and the web. With time, these threats are becoming more and more sophisticated and detecting them using traditional machine learning techniques is a hard task. Several research studies have shown that deep learning methods achieve better accuracy comparatively and can learn to efficiently detect and classify new malware samples. In this paper, we present a systematic literature review of the recent studies that focused on intrusion and malware detection and their classification in various environments using deep learning techniques. We searched five well-known digital libraries and collected a total of 107 papers that were published in scholarly journals or preprints. We carefully read the selected literature and critically analyze it to find out which types of threats and what platform the researchers are targeting and how accurately the deep learning-based systems can detect new security threats. This survey will have a positive impact on the learning capabilities of beginners who are interested in starting their research in the area of malware detection using deep learning methods. From the detailed critical analysis, it is identified that CNN, LSTM, DBN, and autoencoders are the most frequently used deep learning methods that have effectively been used in various application scenarios

COVID-19 Pandemic Impact on Physicians’ Decision-making: Digoxin Toxicity in View of Combination of Hydroxychloroquine and Azithromycin: A Case Report

BACKGROUND: Since the WHO declaration of COVID-19 being a global pandemic, the population in general and health-care providers, in particular, became under extraordinary pressure that remarkably impacts their decisions at multiple levels as all of us should make decisions quickly while being uncertain in many times. CASE REPORT: We are reporting a 64-year-old lady with a medical history of atrial fibrillation and mitral regurgitation that treated with digoxin and warfarin therapy, she was suspected to be a COVID-19 case and prescribed empirical hydroxychloroquine and azithromycin combination without proper adjustment of her baseline therapy, accordingly she developed adverse effect of this combination in the form of digoxin toxicity and long QT, this case highlights how this unprecedented pandemic affects the decision-making of physicians. CONCLUSION: We should be critical and vigilant in making a decision of prescription or marketing non-evidence-based therapy, and when we are obligated for this decision, we should take all precautions to minimize the adverse effects of these drugs

The effect of sponsorships and product marketing on the management activities of football clubs: A contextual and dimensional study

Market and marketing is important in our lives, as each of us looks forward to getting our different needs from the available resources, which are usually different and multiple. Therefore, different economic interests, producers of goods, services and ideas, strive to reach consumers and persuade them to buy goods and services, which they produce only. Marketing is not limited to the process of selling and advertising goods; it involves providing the required goods in the right place, at the right time and at the right price. Marketing is therefore one of the core activities of modern businesses. It is also a strategic hub, because it is a confrontation between the institution and the environment in which it is located

Changes in anterior chamber biometry and intraocular pressure after uneventful phacoemulsification in non-glaucomatous eyes

Background: In non-glaucomatous eyes, many factors impact intraocular pressure (IOP) reduction following phacoemulsification. This study aimed to determine the relationship between changes in IOP and alterations in anterior chamber biometric measurements using the Pentacam Scheimpflug anterior segment imaging system before and after uneventful phacoemulsification in non-glaucomatous eyes. Methods: This prospective interventional study included patients with ages of 20 – 80 years, no known systemic diseases, and visually significant cataracts necessitating phacoemulsification with posterior chamber intraocular lens implantation. The preoperative and two-month postoperative IOPs were measured using a Goldmann applanation tonometer, and the iridocorneal angle (ICA) in four quadrants (superior, inferior, nasal, and temporal), anterior chamber depth (ACD), and anterior chamber volume (ACV) were measured using the Pentacam. Results: Forty-two eyes of 42 patients with a mean (standard deviation [SD]) age of 56.8 (10.7) years were included; 22 (52%) were men and 20 (48%) were women. The eyes demonstrated statistically significant changes in postoperative IOP, ACD, ACV, and in widening of the ICA (all P < 0.05), with a mean (SD) IOP reduction of 4.5 (2.7) mmHg, ACD deepening of 0.7 (0.6) mm, ACV increase of 33.2 (21.1) mm3, and ICA widening of 7.5o (6.4o), 12.4o (7.7o), 9.1o (7.1o), and 11.5o (6.1o) in the superior, inferior, temporal, and nasal quadrants, respectively. A significant positive correlation was detected between pre- and postoperative IOP (r = + 0.58; P < 0.001) and between pre- and postoperative ACD (r = + 0.50; P < 0.001). Significant negative correlations were detected between preoperative ACV and changes in ACV (r = - 0.42; P < 0.001) and between preoperative ICA and changes in ICA (r = - 0.02; P = 0.001). However, no significant correlations were observed between the changes in IOP and patient age (r = + 0.001; P = 0.957) and axial length of the eye (r = + 0.13; P = 0.221), or changes in ICA (r = - 0.01; P = 0.945), ACD (r = + 0.01; P = 0.945), and ACV (r = - 0.12; P = 0.599). Conclusions: We observed a significant reduction in IOP, widening of the ICA, and increases in ACD and ACV after phacoemulsification; however, there was no significant correlation between changes in IOP and other biometric variables. Further studies are required to determine the exact mechanisms underlying these effects

Hospital hazardous waste management: Treatment, storage and disposal

Rapid population growth, industrialization, and growth of demand for raw materials for industrial and medical production result in generating a huge amount of hazardous waste. Hazardous waste is identified by its toxicity, flammability, and radioactivity characteristics. Disposing hazardous waste into the natural environment has a significant impact on health and all living things in the environment. Nowadays, numerous hospitals and industrial places generate a large amount of hazardous waste. The objective of this study is to evaluate the management system of hazardous hospital waste in Erbil city. Additionally, the focus is on hazardous hospital waste management and characterizations and situation of the waste in Erbil city as well. The generation rate of hazardous wastes from hospitals in Erbil city was collected for 12 months from 2015 to 2020. The results showed that the highest amount of medical hazardous waste was generated in 2019. Moreover, the number of onsite incineration centres should be increased to reduce the cost of storage and transportation

Mobile Deep Classification of UAE Banknotes for the Visually Challenged

This paper proposes an artificial intelligence-powered mobile application for currency recognition to assist sufferers of visual disabilities. The proposed application uses RCNN, a pre-trained MobileNet V2 convolutional neural network, transfer learning, hough transform, and text-to-speech reader service to detect and classify captured currency and generate an auditory signal. To train our AI model, we collect 700 ultra-high definition images from the United Arab Emirates banknotes. We include the front and back faces of each banknote from various distances, angles, and lighting conditions to avoid overfitting. When triggered, our mobile application initiates a capture of an image using the mobile camera. The image is then pre-processed and input to our on-device currency detector and classifier. We finally use text-to-speech to change the textual class into an audio signal played on the user’s Bluetooth earpiece. Our results show that our system can be an effective tool in helping the visually challenged identify and differentiate banknotes using increasingly available smartphones. Our banknote classification model was validated using test-set and 5-fold cross-validation methods and achieved an average accuracy of 70% and 88%, respectively

SHEAR BEHAVIOR OF STEEL BEAMS STRENGTHENING BY PRESTRESSING STRANDS

Seven simply supported steel beams were tested to explain the effect of existence of external prestressing strands on the shear behavior of steel beams. All of these beams have the same steel section, clear span length and strengthening by two external prestressing strands. The tested beams are divided into two groups according to existence of external prestressing strands, the first group consists of one steel beam as a reference, while, the second group deals with six steel beams strengthening by external prestressing strands divided according to the eccentricity location of prestressing strand (e) ranging from (0 to 165) mm at jacking stress (fpj=814.589 MPa). During the test, it was found that the shear load strain curves for tested beams were slightly stiffer than the reference beams and the percentage of stiffening increase with increase the eccentricity locations from the effective depth for shear zone, while, the maximum shear load increased about (0.173%, 26.086%, 33.043%, 48.521%, 13.739% and 69.565%) with increase the eccentricity location from (0 to 165) mm respectively as compare with the reference beam. On the other hand the maximum shear strain was decreased to 0.507%, 1.015%, 20.304%, 1.776% 25.634% and 28.172% with increase the eccentricity location from (0 to 165) mm respectively as compare with the reference beam