Ethical and Unethical Methods of Plagiarism Prevention in Academic Writing

This paper discusses plagiarism origins, and the ethical solutions to prevent it. It also reviews some unethical approaches, which may be used to decrease the plagiarism rate in academic writings. We propose eight ethical techniques to avoid unconscious and accidental plagiarism in manuscripts without using online systems such as Turnitin and/or iThenticate for cross checking and plagiarism detection. The efficiency of the proposed techniques is evaluated on five different texts using students individually. After application of the techniques on the texts, they were checked by Turnitin to produce the plagiarism and similarity report. At the end, the “effective factor” of each method has been compared with each other; and the best result went to a hybrid combination of all techniques to avoid plagiarism. The hybrid of ethical methods decreased the plagiarism rate reported by Turnitin from nearly 100 to the average of 8.4 on 5 manuscripts

A Framework for Sharing Knowledge in Product Development by E-collaboration through Project Management

Abstract: In this study, the author has purposed electronic collaboration (E-collaboration) through a project manager between different departments in a factory can create a favorable environment to development the projects in terms of time and cost. In fact, the E-collaboration is a tool in hands of project managers. For this concept the author purposes, a conceptual model for sharing knowledge, which support development product. The model uses four factors, namely, design, planning, procurement and production. In addition, these factors consist of several items separately: For design department, there are four categories: (1) standard materials (2) teamwork (3) expected level of production (4) process restrictiveness. For planning department, there are three categories: (1) schedules (2) Inventory control (3) Receive progress reports. For the procurement department, there are three categories: (1) information gathering (2) background review (3) negotiation. For production department, there are two categories: (1) check on the incoming raw materials (2) change volume of production. The performance of the conceptual model tested in terms of some objectives. This test has done by interview with 20 project managers in electronic industry in Iran. The result indicated the model has accuracy for development new products in conditions of time and cost

Equality of Google Scholar with Web of Science Citations: Case of Malaysian Engineering Highly Cited Papers

This study uses citation analysis from two citation tracking databases, Google Scholar (GS) and ISI Web of Science, in order to test the correlation between them and examine the effect of the number of paper versions on citations. The data were retrieved from the Essential Science Indicators and Google Scholar for 101 highly cited papers from Malaysia in the field of engineering. An equation for estimating the citation in ISI based on Google scholar is offered. The results show a significant and positive relationship between both citation in Google Scholar and ISI Web of Science with the number of versions. This relationship is higher between versions and ISI citations (r = 0.395, p<0.01) than between versions and Google Scholar citations (r = 0.315, p<0.01). Free access to data provided by Google Scholar and the correlation to get ISI citation which is costly, allow mor

Ethical and Unethical Methods of Plagiarism Prevention in Academic Writing

This paper discusses plagiarism origins, and the ethical solutions to prevent it. It also reviews some unethical approaches, which may be used to decrease the plagiarism rate in academic writings. We propose eight ethical techniques to avoid unconscious and accidental plagiarism in manuscripts without using online systems such as Turnitin and/or iThenticate for cross checking and plagiarism detection. The efficiency of the proposed techniques is evaluated on five different texts using students individually. After application of the techniques on the texts, they were checked by Turnitin to produce the plagiarism and similarity report. At the end, the \" effective factor \" of each method has been compared with each other; and the best result went to a hybrid combination of all techniques to avoid plagiarism. The hybrid of ethical methods decreased the plagiarism rate reported by Turnitin from nearly 100% to the average of 8.4% on 5 manuscripts