Identification of SSR and RAPD markers associated with QTLs of winter survival and related traits in Brassica napus L.

Because of importance of winter survival in winter type of Brassica napus, this study was performed to identify the QTLs controlling winter survival and related traits using SSR and RAPD markers. For this,an F2:3 population of 200 families derived from crossing between cv. ‘SLMO46’ (winter type and cold resistant) and cv. ‘Quantum’ (spring type and susceptible to low temperature) were used. Wintersurvival (WS), leaves per plant in rosette stage (L/P), crown wet weight (CWW), crown dry weight (CDW) and crown water content (CWC) were measured in F3 families. 350 SSR primer pairs and 250 RAPDprimers were used to assess the parental polymorphism. The 32 SSR primer pairs and 47 RAPD polymorphic markers between parental lines were used to screen F2 individuals. Linkage map was constructed using polymorphic markers. The markers were assigned into 14 linkage groups with total length of 1199.1 cM and an average distance of 17.13 cM between adjacent markers. The relationship between measured traits and genotypic data was analyzed using CIM method and totally 12 putative QTLs were detected for studied traits. The explained phenotypic variance by identified QTLs ranged between 0.5 and 11%. The identified QTLs had positive and negative additive effects and transferred from both parents to F2 plants and F3 families. Some of these QTLs located in the same genomic regions

Mapping of QTLs for frost tolerance and heading time using SSR markers in bread wheat

Selection for complex genetic traits, such as frost tolerance, can be simplified in plant breeding programs when linked markers were detected. The use of microsatellite markers for tagging and mapping important genes or QTLs is a goal in wheat genetic projects. In this study, 200 microsatellite markers were studied and after parental assay, 41 polymorphic SSR markers were used for genotyping of 280 F2 individual plants derived from F1 generation of wheat cross (Norstar× Zagros). The progeny of individual F2 plants were used as F2:3 families for the assessment of LT50 and heading time. Single marker analysis revealed that seven markers with total of 27% of phenotypic variance determination linked to LT50 and five markers linked to the heading time. Two markers that were located on 2B and 5A chromosomes affected both LT50 and heading time significantly. It was assumed, therefore, that someclosely linked QTLs or QTLs with pleiotropic effects govern both traits simultaneously, as the LT50 of F2:3 families were significantly correlated with the heading time of F2:3 families, Thus, it is concluded that later heading time is associated with the higher level of frost tolerance in wheat

Pollen-pistil compatibility relationships in some Iranian almond (Prunus dulcis, Batch) genotypes as revealed by PCR analysis

The identification of pollen-pistil compatibility relationships among almond cultivars and genotypes is very important for breeders and growers. In the present study, PCR based technique was used to identify S-alleles in 10 late blooming almond genotypes. In total, 19 alleles were amplified by five primer pairs in the studied genotypes. The size of bands ranged between 480 - 2000 bp. Seven S-alleles were amplified using AS1II/AMYC5R primer pair, whereas each of the Alsc11/AMYC5R, Pru-C2/Pru-C4R, Pru-C2/Pru-C5R and Pru-C2/Pru-C6R primer pairs amplified nine different S-alleles. Based on S-allele patterns, all of the studied genotypes were identified as self-incompatible. However, some of the genotypes had only one similar S-allele, all of the genotypes could be used in establishment of commercial orchards based on their blooming times

Screening of recombinant inbred lines for salinity tolerance in bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

Screening and increasing of salinity tolerance of crops is an important aim of many plant breeders. Screening a large number of plants for salinity tolerance is not easy, therefore this investigation was performed to evaluate and screen 186 F8 recombinant inbred lines (RILs) derived from a cross between Superhead#2 (Super Seri) and Roshan wheat varieties for salinity tolerance. All the individuals were evaluated under two treatments including control (10 mM NaCl) and salt stress (150 mM NaCl). Different traits relating to salt tolerance, including dry matter of shoot and root, sodium and potassium concentration, chlorophyll content and relative water content (RWC) were measured. Significant differences were observed among wheat RILs for all the measured traits. Seedling growth was reduced by salinity in all RILs and we observed a significant negative correlation between shoot dry matter and sodium concentration (r = -0.52**), whereas significant positive correlations between shoot dry matter and K+/Na+ ratio (r = 0.36**), chlorophyll content (r = 0.20**) and RWC (r = 0.39**) were detected. Based on our results, sodium concentration of leaf, K+/Na+ ratio, chlorophyll content and RWC are good indexes for screening bread wheat genotypes for salinity tolerance.Key words: Screening, salinity tolerance, recombinant inbred lines, wheat

Holographic Aspects of Two-charged Dilatonic Black Hole in AdS5

We study certain features of a strongly coupled theory whose gravitational dual is given by two-charge dilatonic black hole in AdS5 which has recently been used to study holographic Fermi liquids. By making use of the gravity description, we have studied conductivity, holographic entanglement entropy and dynamics of a charged scalar field. In particular at low energy we find that the temperature dependence of the real part of the conductivity goes as T^3 and the background is stable against scalar condensations.Comment: 20 pages, 5 figures, V2: Refs. adde

A modified NSGA-II solution for a new multi-objective hub maximal covering problem under uncertain shipments

Hubs are centers for collection, rearrangement,and redistribution of commodities in transportation networks. In this paper, non-linear multi-objective formulations for single and multiple allocation hub maximal covering problems as well as the linearized versions are proposed. The formulations substantially mitigate complexity of the existing models due to the fewer number of constraints and variables. Also, uncertain shipments are studied in the context of hub maximal covering problems. In many real-world applications, any link on the path from origin to destination may fail to work due to disruption. Therefore, in the proposed bi-objective model, maximizing safety of the weakest path in the network is considered as the second objective together with the traditional maximum coverage goal. Furthermore, to solve the bi-objective model, a modified version of NSGA-II with a new dynamic immigration operator is developed in which the accurate number of immigrants depends on the results of the other two common NSGA-II operators, i.e. mutation and crossover. Besides validating proposed models, computational results confirm a better performance of modified NSGA-II versus traditional one

Prevalence of obsessive-compulsive disorder in Iran

BACKGROUND: Estimates of the annual prevalence for Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD) were consistent across the international sites range, 1.9% – 2.5%. The nine population surveys, which used Diagnostic Interview Schedule, estimated a six-month prevalence of OCD ranging from 0.7% to 2.1%. This study performed in order to determine the prevalence of OCD in a population-based study among Iranian adults aged 18 and older and to study the association of them with factors such as sex, marital status, education, type of occupation and residential area. METHODS: A cross-sectional nationwide epidemiological study of the Iranian population aged 18 and older was designed to estimate the prevalence of psychiatric disorders and their association with the above mentioned factors. 25180 individuals were selected and interviewed through a randomized systematic and cluster sampling method from all Iranian households. Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia (SADS) and Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-IV (DSM-IV) criteria were used in diagnosis of OCD. 250 clinical psychologists interviewed the selected subjects face to face at their homes. RESULTS: The prevalence of OCD in Iran is 1.8% (0.7% and 2.8% in males and females; respectively). 50.3% of the survey sample were men, 49.9% women, 29.1% single, 67.45% married, 0.4% separated or divorced, 2.5% widow/widower and 4% undetermined. All of the above-mentioned factors were examined in the univariate and multivariate logistic regression models. Although the data did not fit the models well, but in univariate models, sex, the category "single" of marital status, age, the categories "business" and "housewife" and residential areas showed significant effect adjusting for the factors, but the models didn't fit the data properly. CONCLUSION: The study suggests that the prevalence of OCD is not rare in the community of Iran and is within the range of other countries. Similar to prior studies in other communities, OCD is more common in females than males

Coherent coupling between radio frequency, optical, and acoustic waves in piezo-optomechanical circuits

The interaction of optical and mechanical modes in nanoscale optomechanical systems has been widely studied for applications ranging from sensing to quantum information science. Here, we develop a platform for cavity optomechanical circuits in which localized and interacting 1550 nm photons and 2.4 GHz phonons are combined with photonic and phononic waveguides. Working in GaAs facilitates manipulation of the localized mechanical mode either with a radio frequency field through the piezo-electric effect, or optically through the strong photoelastic effect. We use this to demonstrate a novel acoustic wave interference effect, analogous to coherent population trapping in atomic systems, in which the coherent mechanical motion induced by the electrical drive can be completely cancelled out by the optically-driven motion. The ability to manipulate cavity optomechanical systems with equal facility through either photonic or phononic channels enables new device and system architectures for signal transduction between the optical, electrical, and mechanical domains

TeV Scale Implications of Non Commutative Space time in Laboratory Frame with Polarized Beams

We analyze $e^{+}e^{-}\rightarrow \gamma\gamma$, $e^{-}\gamma \rightarrow e^{-}\gamma$ and $\gamma\gamma \rightarrow e^{+}e^{-}$ processes within the Seiberg-Witten expanded noncommutative scenario using polarized beams. With unpolarized beams the leading order effects of non commutativity starts from second order in non commutative(NC) parameter i.e. $O(\Theta^2)$, while with polarized beams these corrections appear at first order ($O(\Theta)$) in cross section. The corrections in Compton case can probe the magnetic component($\vec{\Theta}_B$) while in Pair production and Pair annihilation probe the electric component($\vec{\Theta}_E$) of NC parameter. We include the effects of earth rotation in our analysis. This study is done by investigating the effects of non commutativity on different time averaged cross section observables. The results which also depends on the position of the collider, can provide clear and distinct signatures of the model testable at the International Linear Collider(ILC).Comment: 22 pages, 19 figures, new comments and references added, few typos corrected, Published in JHE