Health of Soul, its necessity and importance

For downloading the full-text of this article please click here.Background and Objective: Health literally means keeping and being healthy; in scientific terms, it means preventing diseases, promoting life, preserving and protecting human health. In these definitions, it seems that the health of the soul, which is one of the most important areas, has been neglected. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to determine the nature of the human soul, and how to achieve prosperous factors as well as how to avoid and prevent the destructive factors of the soul.Method: This analytical study was carried out as library research, using religious sources and reviewing the verses and quotations of the Imams in Islamic texts and studies by the scientists. Accordingly, the existence of the truth of the soul was first proved by rational and evidentiary arguments. Then, utilizing intuition and logic, its significance was confirmed so that it would be necessary to pay attention to this fact and its health. All ethical issues were considered in this study and the researchers declared no conflict of interests.Results: Neglecting the health of soul beside contaminating it certainly causes the soul's truth to be subjected to spiritual death. Human’s connections with his actions including physical acts such as nutrition play a transcendent role like that of spiritual acts such as beliefs and credos. According to the viewpoint of the Amir al-Mu'menān (AS), the human body has six states: sometimes it is alive and sometimes dead, it is healthy and sometimes sick, and sometimes sleeping and sometimes awake. The human soul also has the same six modes.Conclusion: Not observing the health of soul will have negative consequences such as mental and spiritual illnesses for the individual and society. Moreover, it results in the loss of eternal prosperity and the prevalence of crime and betrayal in human society.For downloading the full-text of this article please click here. Please cite this article as: Mohammadi Veldani S, Mohammadi Veldani A. Health of Soul, its necessity and importance. J Res Relig Health. 2019; 5(1): 123- 135. doi: https://doi.org/10.22037/jrrh.v5i1.1952

Investigating the relationship between domestic violence with substance abuse and suicide resilience in mothers with disabled children

IntroductionMothers with disabled children are among the most critical groups exposed to domestic violence. Although domestic violence strongly affects these mothers’ physical and mental health, it subsequently affects their drug addiction and resilience to suicide. Based on this, it is crucial to investigate domestic violence, drug addiction, and resilience against suicide in mothers with disabled children. This study investigated the relationship between domestic violence, substance dependence, and resilience against suicide in mothers with disabled children in Iranian society.MethodsFrom January to April 2023, a cross-sectional study was conducted in central and western Iran with the participation of 267 mothers with disabled children. The mothers of disabled children were selected through convenience and snowball sampling. Then they completed questionnaires included domestic violence, substance dependence and resilience against suicide. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS version 22 with descriptive statistics, such as prevalence, percentage, mean, and standard deviation, and expository measurements, including ANOVA, independent t, and regression tests.ResultsThe study revealed that there was a strong direct correlation between domestic violence and substance abuse (r = 0.89, p < 0.001), as well as a strong indirect correlation between domestic violence and suicide resilience (r = −0.90, p < 0.001). Additionally, substance abuse and suicide resilience were negatively correlated (r = −0.93, p < 0.001). Other variables, such as the severity of children’s disability, education, financial status, and the fathers’ involvement, were predictors of domestic violence, accounting for 73.28% of the variance.ConclusionMothers with disabled children reported moderate levels of domestic violence, which strongly impacts their physical and mental well-being, leading to drug dependency and suicide. So, it is essential to implement comprehensive planning and provide extensive support to reduce domestic violence against them. By doing so, we can enhance their physical and mental health and ultimately improve their overall quality of life

Relationship between Social Support and Mental Health of Novice Nurses during Coronavirus Epidemic

Abstract Background: Coronavirus has created a confusing and stressful situation around the world. In these circumstances, health care workers are most prone to vulnerability. The goal of this study was to investigate the relationship between social support and mental health of novice nurses during the outbreak of COVID-19 to provide basic information for intervention measures. Study design: cross-sectional study Methods: This study was performed in spring of 2020 in hospital affiliated with Ilam University of Medical Sciences. Data were collected using general information questionnaire, General Health Questionnaire (GHQ) and Phillip’s Social Support Questionnaire and analyzed by SPSS software, as well as descriptive and inferential statistics. Results: The total score of GHQ and social support was 24.58±12.063 and 70.77±9.761, respectively. There was a statistically significant inverse relationship between social support and mental health of participants. Among the demographic variables, there was a significant correlation between work experience, hospital, direct contact with COVID-19 patients and the number of working days in coronavirus ward with mental health and social support. Conclusion: The findings of the present study add to our knowledge obtained from previous studies by discovering the impact of social support on mental health of health care providers with special attention to novice nurses at the forefront. Ongoing monitoring of psychological consequences associated with COVID-19 outbreak and social support of them require further attention

The Incidence and Geographical Distribution of Brucellosis in Iran Using Geographic Information System and Prediction of its Incidence in 2021

Background: Brucellosis is one of the most challenging health issues in many developing countries including Iran. The purpose of this study is to investigate the incidence and geographical distribution of brucellosis using Geographic Information System (GIS) and to predict its incidence in Iran in 2021. Method: This is a descriptive-analytical cross-sectional study, which contains spatial and climatic information along with the prevalence rate of brucellosis in Iran. Disease information was obtained from the National Center for Infectious Diseases Management during 2011-2015. Then, Arc GIS version 9.3 was used to plot the geographical maps for the incidence and frequency of the disease. Using the Raster calculator tool, the disease prediction map for the future was plotted. For proper spatial distribution of hot and cold spots, Getis-Ord-Gi statistic was employed. Results: The highest incidence of brucellosis during 2009-2015 was observed in the western provinces of Iran (North Khorasan, South Khorasan and Razavi Khorasan provinces). The incidence of brucellosis in Iran decreased from 2009 to 2011 but it exhibited an increasing trend from 2011 to 2014. The provinces of Kurdistan, Lorestan, Ilam, Zanjan and Kermanshah may be among the hot spots in terms of brucellosis incidence in 2021. Conclusion: We predicted significant variations in brucellosis risk distribution in Iran in the coming years. In the western and northwestern provinces, which are among the high risk areas for the incidence of this disease in the future, this disease can pose a serious health threat to the residents of these areas

The Cognitive and Psychological Factors (Personality, Driving Behavior, and Mental illnesses) as Predictors in Traffic Violations

Objective: Driving is a complex behavior and is affected by several factors. This cohort study aimed at representing the main determinants such as personality features, driving behavior, and mental illnesses on driving violation based on logistic regression. Method: In this cohort study, 800 heavy truck and lorry drivers were recruited. Participants were selected from those individuals who referred to Imam Sajjad hospital in Tehran, Iran during fall 2013 to summer 2015. Manchester Driving Behavior Questionnaire (MDBQ), Big Five Personality Test (NEO Personality Inventory), and SADS (Semi-Structural Interview) were used in this study. After 2 years, we checked all traffic violations caused by human factors involving the drivers. SPSS Version 18 was used for data analysis; t test and logistic regression (OR) was also used.  Results: The findings of the present study revealed significant differences between the 2 groups of drivers (those who were and were not involved in driving offenses) with respect to controlling the effective and demographic variables. Moreover, it was found that depression and anxiety could increase the chance of accidents (2.4 and 2.7 accidents odds, respectively) (P = 0.04, P = 0.004). Furthermore, just neuroticism could increase 1.1 odds of traffic offences (P = 0.009), but other personality traits did not have an effect on the equation. Conclusion: Consistent with previous examinations, some mental disorders may affect traffic violations.  Considering the magnitude and sensitivity of driving behavior, it is essential to evaluate multiple psychological factors in drivers before and after receiving or renewing their driver’s licenses

The Effect of Balance Exercises on Knee Instability and Pain Intensity in Patients with Knee Osteoarthritis :A Randomized Clinical Trial

Knee instability is considered as a common symptom in patients suffering from knee osteoarthritis and knee pain. The objective of current research is to examine the effect of balance exercises on knee instability and pain intensity in patients with knee osteoarthritis. in this one-blind randomized controlled clinical trial, 30 patients with knee osteoarthritis were selected using simple and convenient sampling method, and they were divided into two groups, including balance exercises group and control group. The treatment program in the balance exercises group included balance exercises, and in the control group, it included ultrasound, TENS(Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation), and hot pack. Knee instability was measured according to the evidence of buckling, shifting or giving way through a questionnaire, and the pain intensity was measured by Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) in two periods of before and after treatment. Treatments in both groups lasted for 3 weeks and five times per week. Independent t-test and paired t-test were used for analyzing the data. The mean score of pain and knee instability in the balance group improved from 6.53± 2.32 to 4.60 ± 1.91 (P = 0.00) and from 1.80 ± 0.94 to 2.93 ± 0.79 (P = 0.00), respectively. The mean score of pain and knee instability in the control group improved from7.46± 1.92 to 5.40± 2.09(P=0.00) and from 1.40 ± 0.73 to 2.13 ± 1.06 (P = 0.01), respectively. Significant difference was found between the two groups in terms of mean score of knee instability (P <0.05). Inter-group comparison revealed significant difference between balance exercises group and the control group in terms of impact on mean score of knee instability. Intra-group comparison also revealed that mean score of pain and knee stability improved in both of the balance exercises group and control group

Psychometrics assessment of ethical decision-making around end-of-life care scale for adolescents in the final stage of life

IntroductionHealthcare professionals have a critical role in ethical decision-making around end-of-life care. Properly evaluating the ethical decision-making of health care professionals in end-of-life care requires reliable, tailored, and comprehensive assessments. The current study aimed to translate and assess psychometrically a Persian version of the ethical decision making in end-of-life care scale for Iranian adolescents in the final stages of life.MethodsThe present study investigates the methodology and multicenter research. 310 healthcare professionals who treat/care for adolescents at the end of life were selected from 7 cities in Iran. The original version of the end-of-life care decision-making scale was translated into Persian using the forward-backward translation method, and its psychometric properties were evaluated using COSMIN criteria.ResultsExploratory factor analysis revealed that the factor loadings of the items ranged from 0.68 to 0.89, all of which were statistically significant. Furthermore, three factors had eigenvalues greater than 1, accounting for 81.64% of the total variance. Confirmatory factor analysis indicated a proper goodness of fit in the hypothesized factor structure. The internal consistency reliability of the tool was assessed in terms of its homogeneity, yielding a Cronbach's alpha coefficient of 0.93.ConclusionThe Persian version of the End-of-Life Care Decision-Making Scale demonstrates satisfactory validity and reliability among healthcare professionals working with adolescents in the final stages of life. Therefore, nursing managers can utilize this tool to measure and evaluate ethical decision-making in end-of-life care for adolescents in the final stages of life and identify the most appropriate strategies, including educational interventions, to improve ethical decision-making in end-of-life care if necessary