Comparing the Effect of Lecturing and Mobile Phone Short Message Service (SMS), Based on the Theory of Planned Behavior on Improving Nutritional Behaviors of High School Students in the Prevention of Osteoporosis

Background: Osteoporosis is a common increasing disease on which the lifestyle has an important role. This study aimed to examine the two educational methods (lecture and texting) using the theory of planned behavior on improving the osteoporosis preventive nutritional behaviors in high school students. Materials and Methods: This semi-experimental study conducted on 138 female students in who were randomly assigned to three groups (intervention group (Lecture), intervention group (mobile phone short message service [SMS]), and control group, with equal group of 46 people. The data collection tool was a researcher made questionnaire consisting of three parts; part A consists of demographic questions, part B consists of questions based on the theory of planned behavior, and part C was the Food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). The questionnaire was completed by students three times of before, immediately after, and two months after the intervention. Results: There was no statistically significant difference in the mean of preventive nutritional behavior scores between the three groups before the intervention. But immediately after the intervention, and two months after that, a significant difference was observed between the mean scores of the preventive nutritional behaviors in the intervention and control groups (

A review of studies in the field of knowledge and safe behaviors of workers in Iran

Background and objective: One of the ways to prevent and control occupational accidents and educate people informing them of the risks and how to work safely. The aim of this study was to study the effectiveness of educational interventions to promote safe behavior and knowledge workers is studied. Methods: A systematic search of PubMed SID database and to obtain titles and abstracts containing data related to worker safety behaviors by examining the full text of 22 articles were selected and the results of which were analyzed Results: The group of workers includes training class. The impact of educational interventions: improving the safety of workers and the development of a safety culture in the workplace can be named. Most of the training programs designed for group discussion and the principles of adult learning. Conclusion: summary and analysis of the literature showed the need to promote safe behavior of workers. Since this behavior is very important, intervention is capable of knowledge, attitude, and perceived behavioral control about unsafe behavior change and improve the performance of their safety Paper Type: review Article

Mental Health Status and its Related Factors in Elderly People Residing in Nursing Homes of Mashhad, Iran

Background: Iranian society is facing the phenomenon of aging and attention to this vulnerable group is necessary. The aim of this study was to assess mental health status and its related factors among elderly people living in nursing homes in Mashhad. Methods: This cross- sectional study was conducted in 2015 on 203 over 60 years old elderly people living in Mashhad nursing homes. Data were collected through a demographic information questionnaire and general health questionnaire (GHQ-28). Data analysis was performed through SPSS19 and using Chi-square, Independent t- test, Mann-Whitney and Logistic Regression. Results: The mean of the GHQ-28 score was 27.24±9.94. Based on the GHQ-28 cut off-point, 130 (%64) of the participants had mental health problems. Mental health had a significant relationship with having chronic diseases (P=0.005), the number of their visitings (P=0.03) and somehow with the number of returnings to home (P=0.05). But, there was no significant relation between mental health score and age, gender, marital status, education, number of children, having an independent income or salary and length of stay in nursing homes (P<0.05). Conclusion: The elderly people living in nursing homes of Mashhad do not have a good mental health status. Since having chronic diseases, the number of their visitings and returnings to home are the most important determinants of their mental health, their families and health policy makers should pay more attention to these items

The relationship between breast self-examination and stages of change model in health volunteers

The Relationship between breast self-examination and the stage of change (SOC ) Model among those volunteering in Mashhad, 2013 Mohammad Vahedian Shahroodi1, Fatemeh Pourhaje2, Habibollah Esmaily3, Fahime pourhaje4 1. Health sciences research center, Department of health and Management, school of health, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran 2. MSc students of Health education and health promotion, Student Research Committee, Health Department of health and management, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences , Mashhad , Iran 3. Associated Professor, Health sciences research center, Department of Biostatistics & Epidemology, school of health, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran 4 MSc Educational Planning and Member of EDC medical university, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences Introduction Breast cancer is one of the leading causes of death in women. In developed countries , one in every nine women will be diagnosed with this type of cancer. The prevalence of breast cancer is increasing and compared with similar patients in Western countries are about 10 years younger. The aim of this research is Investigation breast self-examination based on stage of change (SOC) in those volunteers in Mashhad, Iran, 2013. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 410 health volunteers above age 20 years. They are people that in order to promote healthy behaviors in society , learned hygiene skills and training necessary courses and they transfer their know ledges to at least 50 families . They were selected by stratified sampling method from population covered by urban health centers of Mashhad. Each of 1 to 5 health centers of Mashhad was considered as a class. Cases were selected and studied from each class, proportional to the number of covered volunteers of that health center. Data were collected by self-report questionnaire and analyzed using SPSS software version 18 and statistical t-test, Spearman and Pearson correlation coefficient, linear regression. P value less than 0.05 was considered significance. Results : The means’s of age participant was 34 . 7±9 . 2 In review the prediction Breast Self- examination behavior based on stage of change, it was shown that structure of stage of change 54 percent can be variable predictive in Breast Self- examination. Conclusion: This study had shown the effectiveness of structure of stage of change to emphasize the behavior related to BSE. Thus, it seems to be a theory as a framework for designing educational programs to improve women's health and reduce deaths from breast cancer. Keywords: stage of change, Breast self-examination, those volunteerin

The Impact of Health Education based on the Health Belief Model on Improving Osteoporosis preventive Behavior among Women

Background: In all populations, bone mass decreases with age, so the researchers in this study sought to study the application of the health belief model (HBM) for adopting preventive behaviors on osteoporosis among women. Methods: This was a quasi-experimental research conducted on 64 middle-aged women (32 in test and 32 in control group). Data collection tools were a questionnaire based on HBM model with demographic questions, the food frequency questionnaire and the standard questionnaire of physical activity. After confirming the content validity and reliability, questionnaires were completed before and 6 weeks after the intervention. Data analysis was conducted using descriptive statistics (frequency, percentage, mean ± SD) and analytical statistics (correlation coefficient, paired t- test and covariance) and through SPSS 16 at the significance level of 0.05. Results: Before the intervention, the mean score of HBM model constructs were not significantly different between the two groups. After the intervention, and by controlling for confounding variables the two groups showed significant differences in variables of knowledge, perceived severity, perceived self-efficacy, cues to action, perceived benefits and Calcium intake (p< 0.05), while they showed no significant difference in regard to constructs of perceived susceptibility, perceived barriers and physical activity. Conclusion: The use of health belief model was effective in adopting the prevention of osteoporosis and improving calcium intake in women, but it did not lead to the desired results in regard to improving physical activity behavior

Does health literacy affect women’s oral health self-care behavior? A cross-sectional study in health centers of Tabriz, North West of Iran

Abstract BACKGROUND AND AIM: In public health, health literacy (HL) is rather a new conception. In this regard, oral health as a critical public health issue that affects women’s health. The objective of the present study was to determine oral health self-care behavior and its relationship with HL. METHODS: This cross-sectional study was performed on 232 women who referred to health centers of Tabriz, Iran, in 2015. Data were collected using a self-administered questionnaire including demographic characteristics, oral health behavior, and HL [assessed using the Newest Vital Sign (NVS) scale]. Data were analyzed by one-way analysis of variance, independent samples t-test, and multiple regressions. RESULTS: The mean age of the subjects was 33.4 years [standard deviation (SD) = 8.2; range = 18-49]. The mean ± SD of oral health self-care behavior and HL score was 4.4 ± 1.9 and 3.3 ± 2.0, respectively. Totally, 24.6% of the participants had limited HL (57/232). Only 19.4% (45/232) of participants brushed their teeth twice daily or more, and 28.9% (67/232) had dental check-up less than 6 months ago. The HL had positive association with oral health self-care behavior (β = 0.37, P < 0.001). In multiple linear regression models, oral health self-care behavior was associated with HL and education level (P < 0.001). HL and education level explained 19.5% of the variance in behavior. CONCLUSION: The findings of this study suggest that HL was a predictor of oral health self-care behavior in women. However, more studies are needed to confirm the results of this study. Hence, promoting oral health interventions and designing effective educational materials based on HL might be beneficial to improve oral health behavior and status. KEYWORDS: Health Literacy; Brushing; Oral Health Behavior; Newest Vital Sign; Oral Self-Car

A review of studies in the field of knowledge and safe behaviors of workers in Iran

Background and objective: One of the ways to prevent and control occupational accidents and educate people informing them of the risks and how to work safely. The aim of this study was to study the effectiveness of educational interventions to promote safe behavior and knowledge workers is studied. Methods: A systematic search of PubMed SID database and to obtain titles and abstracts containing data related to worker safety behaviors by examining the full text of 22 articles were selected and the results of which were analyzed Results: The group of workers includes training class. The impact of educational interventions: improving the safety of workers and the development of a safety culture in the workplace can be named. Most of the training programs designed for group discussion and the principles of adult learning. Conclusion: summary and analysis of the literature showed the need to promote safe behavior of workers. Since this behavior is very important, intervention is capable of knowledge, attitude, and perceived behavioral control about unsafe behavior change and improve the performance of their safety Paper Type: review Article

Investigation of Association Between Internet Addiction and Quality of Life Dimensions Among University Students

Background: Despite the fact that the technology of internet has provided noteworthy chances in economic, communicative, and scientific aspects for societies, its excessive and unsuitable usage particularly during the pandemic of COVID-19, is a serious and significant warning to the well-being and health of the people, particularly the young. The objective of this study was to investigate the association between internet addiction and quality of life dimensions among university students. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 400 students of Alzahra University of Mashhad, Iran. The data collection tools were demographic questionnaire, Internet Addiction questionnaire and quality of life questionnaire. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS. Results: Most of the participants were of a moderate level of internet addiction (62.5%), 21% of the participants were of the normal level, and 16.5% were of a severe level. There were significant negative correlations between between internet addiction and all dimensions of life quality. Furthermore, based on the analyses of linear regression, psychological symptom was the stronger predictor of internet addiction. Conclusion: If someone suffers from clinical problems such as depression and anxiety she/he is at higher internet addiction risk since some might utilize the internet in order to distract yourself from fears and concerns. These findings are indicative of the importance of preventive actions in the form of educational intervention programs for students concerning to the appropriate Internet usage

Exploring the conceptual framework of a health-promotion faculty from the perspective of members: a qualitative study

Objectives Understanding the concepts and structures of health promotion in the faculty from the perspective of its members.Study design Qualitative study.Settings Faculties of Medical Sciences University.Participants A sample of four main groups in the faculty (students, faculty members, staff and managers) were purposively sampled for demographic characteristics and their views on the concepts of health promotion.Methods A descriptive qualitative study using thematic analysis of content was conducted. Data were obtained using semistructured interviews and then analysed thematically. MAXQDA V.10 software was used to organise and code the imported interview transcripts.Results Three main categories of management policy, environmental structure and executive strategies were identified as health-promotion structures in the faculty based on the views of the interviewees.Conclusion The inclusion of a health-promotion approach in university policies requires administrators’ commitment to health promotion and the participation of all members and partners inside and outside the faculty to identify health needs and engagement in programmes

Investigating the Relationship between Components of Pender’s Health Promotion Model and Self-care Behaviors among Patients with Smear-positive Pulmonary Tuberculosis

Background: Tuberculosis is among the top ten causes of mortality across the world and is highly prevalent in Mashhad, Khorasan Razavi, Iran. The adoption of healthy behaviors by patients can prevent the transmission of this disease to other individuals. The Health Promotion Model is one of the models used in the field of behavior change in this regard. Aim: The aim of the present study was to investigate the relationship between the components of Pender’s Health Promotion Model and self-care behaviors among the smear-positive pulmonary tuberculosis patients in Mashhad. Method: This correlational study was conducted on 144 smear-positive pulmonary tuberculosis patients, selected from 45 healthcare centers of Mashhad in 2015 using purposive sampling method. The research instruments included Self-Care Behavior Questionnaire, Components of Pender’s Health Promotion Model, and Behavior Observation Checklist. The data were analyzed using Spearman’s rank-order correlation coefficient through the SPSS software version 16. Results: According to the results of the study, the mean age of the patients was 51.9±21.1 years. The results also showed that the mean of self-care total score was equal to 63.7±7.3. Additionally, the Spearman’s rank-order correlation indicated that self-care behavior was significantly correlated with prior related behavior (P=0.006), perceived barriers (