Antioxidant, Antibacterial and Cytotoxic activities of Ethanol extract and its different fractions of Sterculia cordata leaves

Background: Sterculia cordata is a flowering plant and belongs to the family Malvaceae. The goal of our investigation was to determine the significant medicinal properties of the leaf of this plant.Methods: Leaves of Sterculia cordata was extracted with pure ethanol, then fractioned with n-hexane, Ethyl acetate, chloroform and methanol. The extract and fractions were tested for secondary metabolites and the determination of total phenol, total flavonoid content and antioxidant activity. The antibacterial screening was done by disk diffusion technique. The cytotoxic bioassay was carried out with the method as described by brine shrimp bioassay.Results: Alkaloid, flavonoid, terpenoid, and tannins are present in all extracts and fractions of Sterculia cordata leaves. Among all extract and fractions, MFEESC exhibited strong antioxidant activity in both reducing powers. Phenol content was at a range of 3.06±0.34 mg to 45.61 ± 0.43mggallic acid/g, flavonoid content was 25.87±0.20 mg to 36.57±0.34 mg quercetin/g. In antibacterial screening, the moderate zone of inhibition (8-12 mm in diameter) was observed against gram-positive Bacillus subtilis, and more promising zone of inhibition (7.8-14mm in diameter) against gram-negative pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli. Bacillus cereus, Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella paratyphi did not show any sensitivity. In brine shrimp lethality bioassay, chloroform fraction revealed the highest cytotoxic activity having LC50 value 95.23 mg/ml.Conclusions: The overall results of the study indicated significant Antioxidant, antibacterial and cytotoxic activities of Sterculia cordata  leaves. So this plant deserves further investigation to isolate the active constituents responsible for these activities and to establish the mechanism of action

Correspondence: In-vitro thrombolytic and cytotoxic activity of methanolic extract of Syzygium operculatum leaves

Abstract The existing study was made to investigate the thrombolytic exercise and cytotoxic potential with the methanol extract of Syzygium operculatum leaves. The cytotoxicity had been assessed while using brine shrimp lethality bioassay and also thrombolytic impact with individual blood. The brine shrimp lethality bioassay was employed to evaluate cytotoxicity (LC50=272.82μg/ml) compared to vincristine associated with sulphate (LC50=0.512μg/ml). It had been also assessed as thrombolytic agent compared to streptokinase. It's got Significant thrombolytic exercise (36. 28%) compared to standard streptokinase (75.09%)

Temperature Cycling Enables Efficient 13C SABRE-SHEATH Hyperpolarization and Imaging of [1-13C]Pyruvate

Current metabolic imaging in humans is dominated by positron emission tomography (PET) methods. An emerging non-ionizing alternative for molecular imaging is hyperpolarized MRI. In particular, imaging of hyperpolarized 13C-pyruvate is a leading candidate because pyruvate is innocuous and has a central role in metabolism. However, simi-lar to PET, hyperpolarized MRI with dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP) is complex, costly and requires complex in-frastructure. In contrast, signal amplification by reversible exchange (SABRE) is a fast, cheap, and scalable hyperpo-larization technique. In particular, SABRE in SHield Enables Alignment Transfer to Heteronuclei (SABRE-SHEATH) transfers polarization from parahydrogen to 13C in pyruvate, however, to date, SABRE-SHEATH of 13C-pyruvate was limited in polarization levels relative to DNP (1.7% with SABRE-SHEATH vs. ~60% with DNP). Here we introduce a temperature cycling method for SABRE-SHEATH that enables >10% polarization on [1-13C]pyruvate, sufficient for successful in vivo experiments. First, at lower temperatures, ~20% polarization is accumulated on SABRE-catalyst bound pyruvate, which is subsequently released into free pyruvate in solution at elevated temperatures. We take ad-vantage of the achieved polarization to demonstrate first 13C pyruvate images with a cryogen-free MRI system operat-ed at 1 T. This illustrates that inexpensive hyperpolarization methods can be combined with low-cost MRI systems to obtain a broadly available, yet highly sensitive metabolic imaging platform

Acoplamiento molecular para actividad trombólitica de algunos compuestos aislados de Clausena lansium.

La Clausena lansium (Familia- Rutaceae), comúnmente conocida como wampi o vampi, se encuentra en las tierras de barbecho o en terrenos baldíos en Bangladesh. Este estudio pretende hacer acoplamientos moleculares para identificar posibles afinidades de enlace de los fitocompuestos de Clausena lansium, específicamente Clausemarin B, Clausenaline C, Clausenaline E, Murrayanine, vanillic acid y Xanthotoxol en busca de la molecula principal de actividad trombolitica. El acoplamiento molecular realizado por Schrodinger ofreció un amplio rango de cocientes de acoplamiento que fueron para Clausemarin B , Clausenaline C , Clausenaline E, Murrayanine , vanillic acid and Xanthotoxol -6.926, -4.041, -4.889 , -4.356, -3.007 and -5.816 respectivamente. Entre todos los compuestos fue Clausemarin B el que mostró el mejor coeficiente de acoplamiento. Por tanto Clausemarin B es el más eficaz para actividad trombolitica. En el futuro serán necesarias investigaciones in vivo para identificar la actividad trombolitica de los compuestos aisladosde Clausena lansium.Clausena lansium (Family- Rutaceae) is commonly known as wampee, is found in fallow lands throughout Bangladesh. Our aim of the study to performed molecular docking studies to identify potential binding affinities of the phytocompounds from Clausena lansium, namely Clausemarin B, Clausenaline C, Clausenaline E, Murrayanine, vanillic acid and Xanthotoxol for searching of lead molecule for thrombolytic activity. A wide range of docking score found during molecular docking by Schrodinger. Clausemarin B , Clausenaline C , Clausenaline E, Murrayanine , vanillic acid and Xanthotoxol showed the docking score -6.926, -4.041, -4.889 , -4.356, -3.007 and - 5.816 respectively. Among all the compounds Clausemarin B showed the best docking score. So, Clausemarin B is the best compounds for thrombolytic activity, as it possessed the best value in Molecular docking. Further in vivo investigation need to identify the thrombolytic activity of isolated compounds from Clausena lansium

Evaluation of prescription pattern of psycholeptic medications at hospital discharge for patients with cardiovascular diseases in national cardiovascular disease hospital of Bangladesh

Background: The association of mental disorder with cardiac disease is not a coincidence rather a strong relationship exists in between those two. Objective: We investigated the prescription pattern of psycholeptic drugs during the discharge of patients in a national cardiovascular hospital. Methods: Data was collected from the National Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases (NICVD) at Dhaka in Bangladesh. In total, 1076 prescriptions were collected randomly from July 2012 to June 2013. Data were analyzed by using the software Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS, version 22). Results: Benzodiazepine was the highest (99.3%) prescribed psycholeptic class while Bromazepam (87.49%) the highest advised molecule. Psycholeptics were advised for 15 (38.77%), 10 (19.91%), 30 (15.72%) and 7 (13.39%) days. The patient group without psycholeptic medication (M=6.64 day) spent significantly (p < 0.05) a longer duration in the hospital compared to the psycholeptic medication (Mean=5.06 day) group. Age is significantly (p < 0.05) associated with the duration of staying in hospital and polymorbidity. Also, polymorbidity (p < 0.05) is significantly associated with the polypharmacy. No significant (p < 0.05) correlation has been found between age and polypharmacy. Duration of psycholeptics intake was not significantly (p < 0.05) related to either age, or polymorbidity,or length hospital stay. Conclusion: This study revealed that bromazepam is the utmost prescribed drug of choice at NICVD, Bangladesh. Frequent prescription of bromazepam indicates that this kind of patients' needs enough sleep to reduce their mental stress

Antinociceptive Activity of Macaranga denticulata Muell. Arg. (Family: Euphorbiaceae): In Vivo and In Silico Studies

Background: The present study was conducted to investigate the antinociceptive activity of methanol extract of Macaranga denticulata (Met.MD) in an animal model, followed by molecular docking analysis. Methods: Antinociceptive activity was determined by acetic acid-induced writhing and formalin-induced licking test in mice. Then, molecular docking study was performed to identify compounds having maximum activity against the COX-1 enzyme using Schrödinger Maestro (version 10.1) to determine docking fitness. Results: A preliminary phytochemical analysis of Met.MD revealed that it contained alkaloids, carbohydrates, phenols, flavonoids, tannins, and terpenoids. Met.MD exhibited a dose-dependent and statistically significant antinociceptive activity in the acetic acid and formalin test at the doses of 200 and 400 mg/kg. In addition, our docking study showed that macarangin had the best fitness score of −5.81 with COX-1 enzyme among six major compounds of M. denticulata. Conclusions: Results of the present study confirmed the potential antinociceptive activity of M. denticulata leaf extract in both in vivo and in silico models

Molecular docking for thrombolytic activity of some isolated compounds from Clausena lansium.

Clausena lansium (Family- Rutaceae) is commonly known as wampee, is found in fallow lands throughout Bangladesh. Our aim of the study to performed molecular docking studies to identify potential binding affinities of the phytocompounds from Clausena lansium, namely Clausemarin B, Clausenaline C, Clausenaline E, Murrayanine, vanillic acid and Xanthotoxol for searching of lead molecule for thrombolytic activity. A wide range of docking score found during molecular docking by Schrodinger. Clausemarin B , Clausenaline C , Clausenaline E, Murrayanine , vanillic acid and Xanthotoxol showed the docking score -6.926, -4.041, -4.889 , -4.356, -3.007 and -5.816 respectively. Among all the compounds Clausemarin B showed the best docking score. So, Clausemarin B is the best compounds for thrombolytic activity, as it possessed the best value in Molecular docking. Further in vivo investigation need to identify the thrombolytic activity of isolated compounds from Clausena lansium